| 词条 | HMS Artemis (P449) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
HMS Artemis (P449) was an {{sclass-|Amphion|submarine}} of the Royal Navy, built by Scotts Shipbuilding & Engineering Co. of Greenock and launched 28 August 1946.[1] The submarine sank while refueling in 1971, was raised and sold for breaking up in 1972. DesignLike all Amphion-class submarines, Artemis had a displacement of {{convert|1360|t|ST}} when at the surface and {{convert|1590|t|ST}} while submerged. It had a total length of {{convert|293|ft|6|in}}, a beam of {{convert|22|ft|4|in}}, and a draught of {{convert|18|ft|1|in}}. The submarine was powered by two Admiralty ML eight-cylinder diesel engines generating {{convert|2150|hp}} each. It also contained four electric motors, each producing {{convert|625|hp}}, that drove two shafts.[2] It could carry a maximum of {{convert|219|t|ST}} of diesel, although it usually carried between {{convert|159|and|165|t|ST}}.[2] The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|18.5|kn|lk=in}} and a submerged speed of {{convert|8|kn}}.[3] When submerged, it could operate at {{convert|3|kn|km/h mph}} for {{convert|90|nmi|km mi}} or at {{convert|8|kn|km/h mph}} for {{convert|16|nmi|km mi}}. When surfaced, it was able to travel {{convert|15200|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|10|kn|}} or {{convert|10500|nmi}} at {{convert|11|kn}}.[2] Artemis was fitted with ten 21 inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes, one QF 4 inch naval gun Mk XXIII, one Oerlikon 20 mm cannon, and a .303 British Vickers machine gun. Its torpedo tubes were fitted to the bow and stern, and it could carry twenty torpedoes. Its complement was sixty-one crew members.[2] Service historyIn September 1952 Artemis deployed to Canada a second time for anti-submarine training with the Royal Canadian Navy. Artemis replaced the damaged {{HMS|Alderney|P416|2}}, which had developed issues while training with vessels of the Royal Canadian Navy off Bermuda.[4] In 1953 she took part in the Fleet Review to celebrate the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II.[5] On 1 July 1971 Artemis sank in {{convert|9|m|ft}} of water while moored at the shore establishment HMS Dolphin at Gosport during refuelling. The sub dipped by the stern (she was being prepared for fuelling using the aft externals) which filled and the sub sank.[6] All aboard escaped, with decisive action by four crew members resulting in bravery awards.[7] She was raised on 6 July and decommissioned, sold to be broken up for scrap on 12 December 1971.{{citation needed|date=May 2014}} Commanding officers
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/3634.html|title=Artemis|publisher=Uboat.net|accessdate=20 August 2015}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|author=Paul Akermann|title=Encyclopedia of British Submarines 1901-1955|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=boO7WGL21EQC&pg=PA428|date=1 November 2002|publisher=Periscope Publishing Ltd.|isbn=978-1-904381-05-1|page=422}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.worldnavalships.com/acheron_class.htm|title=Acheron class|publisher=World Naval Ships, Cranston Fine Arts|accessdate=20 August 2015}} 4. ^{{cite magazine |title=Submarine Artemis Back for Second Time |magazine=The Crowsnest |publisher=Queen's Printer |date=October 1952 |volume=4 |number=12 |pages=3}} 5. ^Souvenir Programme, Coronation Review of the Fleet, Spithead, 15th June 1953, HMSO, Gale and Polden 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/making_history/makhist10_prog12b.shtml|title=Making History: The sinking of HMS Artemis, 1971|publisher=BBC|accessdate=20 August 2015}} 7. ^https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/45793/supplement/11631 Publications
External links
6 : Amphion-class submarines|Cold War submarines of the United Kingdom|Ships built in Merseyside|1946 ships|Maritime incidents in 1968|Maritime incidents in 1971 |
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