| 释义 |
- Design and description
- Construction and career
- Notes
- Bibliography
- External links
{{other ships|HMS Despatch}}{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2017}}{{Use British English|date=December 2017}}{{Infobox ship image| Ship image=HMS Despatch (D30) underway off the Panama canal zone on 31 October 1939.jpg | Ship caption=HMS Despatch in October 1939
}}{{Infobox ship career | Hide header= | Ship country=United Kingdom | UK|naval}} | Ship name=HMS Despatch | Ship ordered=March 1918 | Ship awarded= | Ship builder=Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, Govan | Ship laid down=8 July 1918 | Ship launched=24 September 1919 | Ship christened= | Ship commissioned=2 June 1922 | Ship recommissioned= | Ship decommissioned= | Ship in service= | Ship out of service= | Ship refit= | Ship struck= | Ship reinstated= | Ship identification=Pennant number D30 | Ship fate=Sold for scrap, 5 April 1946
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics | Hide header= | Header caption=(as built) | Danae|cruiser|0}} light cruiser | 4970|LT|t|0}} | 445|ft|m|abbr=on|1}} p/p- {{convert|472|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on|1}} o/a
| 46|ft|9|in|m|abbr=on|1}} | 16|ft|11|in|m|abbr=on}} (mean, deep load) | 40000|shp|kW|lk=in|abbr=on}} | Ship propulsion= 2 × shafts; 2 × geared steam turbines | 29|kn|lk=in|abbr=on}} | Ship range= | Ship complement=460 | 6|in|mm|abbr=on|0}} Mk XII guns- 2 × single QF {{convert|4|in|mm|abbr=on|0}} Mk V anti-aircraft guns
- 2 × single QF 2-pounder AA guns
- 4 × triple {{convert|21|in|mm|abbr=on|0}} torpedo tubes
| 1.25|-|3|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}- Deck: {{convert|1|in|mm|abbr=on}}
| Ship notes=Received a Le Cheminant deck watch from the Royal Observatory on 23 January 1933.[1]
}} | HMS Despatch was a {{sclass-|Danae|cruiser|0}} light cruiser built for the Royal Navy during World War I. She was part of the Delhi sub-class of the Danae class. Design and descriptionThe Delhi sub-class was identical with the preceding ships except that their bows were raised for better seakeeping. The ships were {{convert|472|ft|6|in|m|1}} long overall, with a beam of {{convert|46|ft|9|in|m|1}} and a mean deep draught of {{convert|16|ft|11|in|m|1}}. Displacement was {{convert|4970|LT|t|lk=on}} at normal[2] and {{convert|5250|LT|t}} at deep load. Despatch was powered by two Brown-Curtis steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, which produced a total of {{convert|40000|ihp|lk=in}}. The turbines used steam generated by six Yarrow boilers which gave her a speed of about {{convert|29|kn|lk=in}}. She carried {{convert|1050|LT|t|0}} tons of fuel oil. The ship had a crew of about 450 officers and other ranks.[3] Despatch was armed with six centreline BL 6-inch (152 mm) Mk XII guns.[3] One superfiring pair of guns was forward of the bridge, another pair were fore and aft of the two funnels and the last two were in the stern, with one gun superfiring over the rearmost gun. The two QF 4 inch Mk V naval gun anti-aircraft guns were positioned on elevated platforms between the funnels and the QF 2-pounder "pom-pom" AA guns were amidships on the upper deck.[4] The ships were equipped with a dozen {{convert|21|in|mm|abbr=on|0}} torpedo tubes in four triple mounts, two on each broadside.[3]Construction and careerShe was laid down by Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company on 8 July 1918, launched on 24 September 1919,[5] towed to Chatham Dockyard,[6] and completed there on 15 June 1922.[5] Despatch had a relatively quiet wartime career, compared to her sisters. She was operating in the South Atlantic for the early part of the war, where she captured the German freighter {{SS|Düsseldorf}} and intercepted the German merchant ship {{SS|Troja|1922|2}}. The crew of Troja scuttled her, however, before the ship could be captured. She was in the Mediterranean, escorting convoys in late 1940, and became involved in Operation White and the Battle of Cape Spartivento. By the battle of Cape Spartivento as part of Force "B", a sub-unit of Force "H", Gibraltar. Despatch was present at the Normandy landings in June 1944 under the command of Commander R.T. White D.S.O.** (later Captain R.T. White D.S.O.**, 2nd son of Sir Archibald White, Bt. of Wallingwells). She was the headquarters ship for the Mulberry harbours. Whilst at Mulberry 'B' Despatch was present for the visit of H.M. King George VI. For her HQ Ship role, Despatch had had all her original guns removed and replaced with 16 Bofors 40 mm Anti-Aircraft guns manned by army gunners from 127th (Queen's) Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, to support her role as "Traffic Control" in building the Mulberry Harbour at Arromanches. Commander White was allocated landing pass "number one" for Arromanches.[7][8]Despatch was reduced to reserve in January 1945, and sold on 5 April 1946 for scrapping. She arrived at the yards of Arnott Young, of Troon, Scotland on 5 May 1946 to be broken up.[9]Notes1. ^Ledger of Receipts and Issues of Chronometers. Held by the Royal Observatory, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London, UK. Le Cheminant Deck Watch No. 217240 http://collections.rmg.co.uk/archive/objects/274122.html
2. ^Friedman 2010, p. 388
3. ^1 2 Gardiner & Gray, p. 62
4. ^Raven & Roberts, pp. 88–89
5. ^1 Whitley, p. 73
6. ^Raven & Roberts, p. 84
7. ^76th Anti-Aircraft Brigade War Diary, 1944, The National Archives (TNA), Kew, file WO 171/1084.
8. ^Routledge, pp. 305, 311; Table XLIX, p. 319.
9. ^Whitley, p. 76
Bibliography - {{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946|editor1-last=Chesneau|editor1-first=Roger|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=Greenwich, UK|year=1980|isbn=0-85177-146-7}}
- {{Colledge}}
- {{cite book |last1=Fechter |first1=Helmut |last2=Hümmelchen |first2=Gerhard |title=Seekriegsatlas : Mittelmeer, Schwarzes Meer : 1940-1943 |publisher= J. F. Lehmanns Verlag |location=München |year=1972 |isbn=9783469002983}}
- {{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|title=British Cruisers: Two World Wars and After|year=2010|publisher=Seaforth|location=Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK|isbn=978-1-59114-078-8}}
- {{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|title=Naval Weapons of World War One|publisher=Seaforth|location=Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK|year=2011|isbn=978-1-84832-100-7}}
- {{cite book |editor1-last=Gardiner|editor1-first=Robert|editor2-last=Gray|editor2-first=Randal|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships: 1906–1921|year=1984|location=Annapolis, Maryland|publisher=Naval Institute Press|isbn=0-85177-245-5|lastauthoramp=y}}
- {{cite book|last=Newbolt|first=Henry|title=Naval Operations|edition=reprint of the 1931|series=History of the Great War Based on Official Documents|volume=V|year=1996|publisher=Battery Press|location=Nashville, Tennessee|isbn=0-89839-255-1}}
- {{cite book|last1=Raven|first1=Alan|last2=Roberts|first2=John|title=British Cruisers of World War Two|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=1980|isbn=0-87021-922-7|lastauthoramp=y}}
- {{cite book|last=Rohwer|first=Jürgen|title=Chronology of the War at Sea 1939-1945: The Naval History of World War Two|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=2005|edition=Third Revised|isbn=1-59114-119-2|authorlink=Jürgen Rohwer}}
- Routledge, Brigadier N.W. (1994) History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: Anti-Aircraft Artillery 1914–55, London: Royal Artillery Institution/Brassey's, {{ISBN|1-85753-099-3}}.
- {{cite book|last=Whitley|first=M. J.|title=Cruisers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia|publisher=Cassell|location=London|year=1995|isbn=1-86019-874-0}}
External links{{Commons category|HMS Despatch (ship, 1922)}}- HMS Despatch at U-boat.net
- Ships of the Danae class
{{Danae class cruiser}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Despatch}} 6 : Danae-class cruisers of the Royal Navy|Ships built in Chatham|Ships built in Govan|1919 ships|World War II naval ships of the United Kingdom|World War II cruisers of the United Kingdom |