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词条 HMS Lance (1914)
释义

  1. Construction

  2. Service

  3. Citations

  4. References

{{Other ships|HMS Lance}}{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2016}}{{Use British English|date=December 2016}}{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=QF 4 inch Mk IV gun IWM.jpgShip caption=QF 4 inch Mk IV gun from HMS Lance that fired the first British shot of World War I.[1]
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=Ship country=United KingdomUK|naval}}Ship name=HMS LanceShip namesake=Ship ordered=29 March 1912Ship builder=John I. Thornycroft & CompanyShip laid down=1 August 1912Ship launched=25 February 1914Ship completed=August 1914Ship acquired=Ship commissioned=Ship decommissioned=Ship honours=Ship fate=Sold and broken up November 1921Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Laforey|destroyer (1913)|0}} destroyerShip displacement=965-1,300 tons269|ft|m|abbr=on}}26|ft|9|in|m|abbr=on}}9|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}Ship propulsion=Water-tube boilers, Parsons steam turbines, 2 shafts, 24,500 shp29|kn|km/h}}Ship complement=73Ship sensors=4|in|mm|adj=on|sigfig=4}} Mk IV guns, mounting P Mk. IX
  • 1 × QF 2 pdr pom-pom Mk. II
  • 2 × twin tubes for 21 in torpedoes[2]
Ship armour=Ship notes=
}}

HMS Lance was a {{sclass-|Laforey|destroyer (1913)|0}} destroyer of the Royal Navy. Launched a few months before the outbreak of the First World War and attached to the Harwich Force, Lance took part in several engagements during the war, including the sinking of the {{SS|Königin Luise|1913|2}} and the Battle off Texel. She was responsible for firing the first British shot of the war.

Construction

HMS Lance was originally to be named Daring but the entire Laforey-class had their names changed to alphabetically homogeneous ones in 1913.[2] Lance was ordered on 29 March 1912[3] from John I. Thornycroft & Company and was laid down on 1 August 1912. The ship was launched on 25 February 1914 and completed in August 1914.[2][4]

Lance had an overall length of {{convert|268|ft|10|in|m}} with a beam of {{convert|27|ft|8|in|m}} and a draught of {{convert|10|ft|6|in|m}}.[2] She was fitted with three QF Mk IV (102 mm) guns, a single QF 2 pdr pom-pom Mk. II, and four torpedo tubes in two twin mounts.[2]

Service

Following the start of the First World War at 2300 GMT on 4 August 1914, Lance, assigned to the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla of the Harwich Force, took part in a sweep of the North Sea. The next day, Lance and her sister ship {{HMS|Landrail|1914|2}} were sent to investigate a report from a trawler of a ship dropping mines. The two destroyers encountered the German minelayer and former excursion steamer {{SS|Königin Luise|1913|2}} deploying mines. Lance fired a shell from one of her 4-inch guns at Königin Luise which was the first British shot of the war. The minelayer at first attempted to flee, but when her captain realised that escape was impossible, he ordered her to be scuttled instead. Lance picked up 28 survivors from the German ship. Lance′s gun is on display at the National Museum of the Royal Navy, Portsmouth, on loan from the Imperial War Museum, London.[1][2][5][6]

On 28 August 1914, along with the rest of the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla, Lance took part in the Battle of Heligoland Bight.[7] On 17 October 1914 Lance was with her flotilla when it attacked the German Seventh Half Flotilla of torpedo boats off Texel, completely annihilating the German force.[2][7] On 29 November 1915 Lance took part in a sweep by the Harwich Force into the Skagerrak. Poor weather and the absence of enemy shipping caused the mission to be aborted, and while for force was turning for home, a sailor was washed overboard from Lance, but was rescued by {{HMS|Legion|1914|2}}.[8]

In 1916, Lance transferred to the 9th Destroyer Flotilla, still part of the Harwich force.[9] On 1 June 1916, the Harwich force sortied to reinforce the Grand Fleet following the Battle of Jutland.[10] Lance was one of eight destroyers detached to screen the damaged battleship {{HMS|Marlborough|1912|2}}, which had been torpedoed during the battle, helping to escort the battleship to the Humber for temporary repair.[11] On 13 August Lance, together with sister ships {{HMS|Lassoo|1915|2}}, {{HMS|Laverock|1913|2}} and {{HMS|Lennox|1914|2}}, was escorting a convoy of seven merchant ships between Britain and the Netherlands when Lassoo was hit by a torpedo from the German submarine {{SMU|UB-10||2}}. Lance attempted to salvage the stricken destroyer but Lassoo broke in two and sank, with all but four of Lassoo{{'}}s crew being rescued.[12]

In March 1917, Lance transferred to the Sixth Flotilla as part of the Dover Patrol,[9] leaving the Flotilla in July that year.[13] By October 1917, Lance was part of the Fourth Destroyer Flotilla, based at Devonport,[14] remaining part of this flotilla on 1 December 1918.[15]

Lance was laid up under Care and Maintenance at the Nore in December 1919,[9] and was sold for scrap on 5 November 1921.[16]

Citations

1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/30025433 |title=Naval 4 in Semi-automatic QF Mk IV Gun |author=Imperial War Museum |date=2012 |work=Imperial War Museum Collections Search |publisher= |accessdate=18 February 2012}}
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Gardiner and Gray 1985, p. 76.
3. ^Friedman 2009, p. 130.
4. ^Friedman 2009, p. 307.
5. ^Massie 2007, pp. 77–78.
6. ^The Naval Review, Volume 5 Issue 1, pp. 132–133.
7. ^1 {{cite web|last=Corbett|first=Julian S|title=History of the Great War - Naval Operations, Volume 1, to the Battle of the Falklands, December 1914 (Part 1 of 2)|origyear=Originally published by Longmans, Green, London 1920|accessdate=5 September 2014|url=http://www.naval-history.net/WW1Book-RN1a.htm}}
8. ^Naval Staff Monograph No. 31 1926, pp. 31–32.
9. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.rmg.co.uk/upload/pdf/Warship_Histories_Vessels_ii.pdf|title=NMM, vessel ID 369846|work=Warship Histories, vol ii|publisher=National Maritime Museum|accessdate=5 September 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141101002700/http://www.rmg.co.uk/sites/default/files/media/pdf/Warship_Histories_Vessels_ii.pdf|archivedate=1 November 2014|df=dmy-all}}
10. ^Campbell 1998, p. 311.
11. ^Campbell 1998, pp. 325–326.
12. ^Naval Staff Memorandum No. 33 1927, pp. 79–80.
13. ^Bacon 1918, p. 629.
14. ^{{cite journal|title=Supplement to the Monthly Naval List Showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.|date=October 1917|page=14|url=http://digital.nls.uk/british-military-lists/pageturner.cfm?id=92176666|accessdate=6 September 2014}}
15. ^{{cite journal|title=Supplement to the Monthly Naval List Showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.|date=December 1918|page=17|url=http://digital.nls.uk/british-military-lists/pageturner.cfm?id=92315674|accessdate=6 September 2014}}
16. ^Dittmar and Colledge 1972, p. 63.

References

  • {{cite book|last=Bacon|first=Reginald|title=The Dover Patrol 1915–1917 Volume II|year=1918|publisher=Hutchinson & Son|location=London|url=https://archive.org/details/doverpatrol1915102baco}}
  • {{cite book|last=Campbell|first=John|title=Jutland: An Analysis of the Fighting|year=1998|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=London|isbn=0-85177-750-3}}
  • {{cite journal|title=The Destruction of the Königen Louise and the Sinking of the Amphion|journal=The Naval Review|volume=5|pages=132–139|url=http://www.naval-review.com/issues/1910s/1917-1.pdf#Page=136&View=Fit}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Dittmar|first1=F.J.|last2=Colledge|first2=J.J.|title=British Warships 1914–1919|year=1972|publisher=Ian Allan|location=Shepperton, UK|isbn=0-7110-0380-7}}
  • {{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|title=British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War|year=2009|location=Barnsley, UK|publisher=Seaforth Publishing|isbn=978-1-84832-049-9}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Gardiner|first1=Robert|last2=Gray|first2=Randal|title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921|year=1985|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=London|isbn=0-85177-245-5}}
  • {{cite book|last=Massie|first=Robert K.|title=Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany and the Winning of the Great War at Sea|year=2007|publisher=Vintage Books|location=London|isbn=978-0-099-52378-9}}
  • {{cite book|title=Monograph No. 31: Home Waters—Part V: From October 1915 to May 1916|series=Naval Staff Monographs (Historical)|volume=XV|year=1926|publisher=The Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division|url=http://www.navy.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/Naval-Staff-Monographs-Vol.XV_opt.pdf|ref={{Harvid|Naval Staff Monograph No. 31|1926}} }}
  • {{cite book|title=Monograph No. 33: Home Waters—Part VII: From June 1916 to November 1916|series=Naval Staff Monographs (Historical)|volume=XVII|year=1927|publisher=The Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division|url=http://www.navy.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/Naval-Staff-Monographs-Vol.XVII_opt.pdf|ref={{Harvid|Naval Staff Monograph No. 33|1927}} }}
  • {{cite book |last=Phoebus |year=1973 |title=Warships and Sea Battles of World War I |publisher=BPC Publishing Ltd |isbn=0-7026-0004-0}}
{{L class destroyers (1913)}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Lance (1914)}}

4 : Laforey-class destroyers (1913)|Ships built in Southampton|1914 ships|World War I destroyers of the United Kingdom
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