| 词条 | HMS Tamar (1863) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
HMS Tamar was a Royal Navy troopship built by the Samuda Brothers at Cubitt Town, London, and launched in Britain in 1863. She served as a supply ship from 1897 to 1941, and gave her name to the shore station HMS Tamar in Hong Kong (1897 to 1997). HistoryThe 1863 incarnation of HMS Tamar was the fourth to bear that name, which is derived from the River Tamar, in Cornwall, and the ship's crest is based on its coat of arms.[1] Built in Cubitt Town in East London, she was launched in June 1863, and began her maiden voyage on 12 January 1864 as a troopship to the Cape and China.[1] Tamar was dual-powered with masts and a steam engine, giving a speed of {{convert|12|kn|lk=in|0}}. She originally had two funnels, but she was re-equipped with a more advanced boiler and reduced to one funnel.[1]In 1874, she formed part of the Naval Brigade that helped to defeat the Ashanti in West Africa, during the Ashanti War.[1] Tamar took part in the bombardment of Alexandria in 1882. In 1879, The British Medical Journal reported a group of sailors aboard Tamar were poisoned by a bad pigeon pie which spawned an Admiralty investigation.[2] Tamar had been towed out to a buoy on 8 December during the Battle of Hong Kong during World War II. Amidst a curfew of darkness and bombardment by the Imperial Japanese forces, the orders came at 2100 hours on 11 December to scuttle her. She was scuttled at the buoy on 12 December 1941 once it was clear that the advance could not be arrested, to avoid being used by the invading Japanese forces. As the ship's superstructure became airlocked, the ship refused to sink for some time, until the Royal Artillery was called in to administer the coup de grâce.[1]Over the years, legends state that a mast from the ship was erected outside Murray House in Stanley,[3] and that wood planks salvaged from the ship were turned into the main doors of St. John's Cathedral in the city's Central district.[4] The veracity of both legends, however, has been challenged.[5] In late 2014, during dredging work for the Central–Wan Chai Bypass, the remains of what strongly appears to be Tamar were discovered at the location of the old Wan Chai Ferry Pier where she is believed to have been scuttled.[3] A government report, completed in September 2015 but released on the government's website in February 2017, finds strong evidence that the remains are those of Tamar.[6] Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 Eric Cavaliero, Harbour bed holds memories {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090213231122/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=41861&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=19971113&sear_year=1997 |date=13 February 2009 }}, The Standard, 13 November 1997 2. ^{{cite journal | jstor = 25251561 | title = Poisoning By Pigeon-Pie | journal = The British Medical Journal | volume = 2 | number = 968 | date = 19 July 1879 | pages = 96–97}} 3. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Ryall|first1=Julian|title=Wreck discovered in Hong Kong harbour could be scuttled HMS Tamar|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/hongkong/11629303/Wreck-discovered-in-Hong-Kong-harbour-could-be-scuttled-HMS-Tamar.html|accessdate=29 January 2018|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=30 May 2015}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Wong|first1=Ka Tong|script-title=zh:藏在古蹟裡的香港 |trans-title=The Hong Kong Hidden In Historical Artifacts |date=2014|publisher=Joint Publishing (H.K.) Co. Ltd.|isbn=978-962-04-3532-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vt7MBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA74#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=26 January 2018| language = zh-hans|page=74}} 5. ^{{cite news|last1=Davies|first1=Stephen|title=All about the ship that gave Hong Kong’s Tamar complex its name|url=http://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/long-reads/article/2002369/all-about-ship-gave-hong-kongs-tamar-complex-its|accessdate=29 January 2018|work=South China Morning Post|date=12 August 2016}} 6. ^{{cite news|last1=Cheng|first1=Kris|title=Report finds strong evidence that Wan Chai wreckage is scuttled Hong Kong depot ship HMS Tamar|url=https://www.hongkongfp.com/2017/03/02/report-finds-strong-evidence-wan-chai-wreckage-scuttled-hong-kong-depot-ship-hms-tamar/|accessdate=29 January 2018|work=Hong Kong Free Press|date=2 March 2017}} References
8 : Troop ships|Victorian-era naval ships of the United Kingdom|World War II auxiliary ships of the United Kingdom|Troop ships of the Royal Navy|1863 ships|World War II shipwrecks in the South China Sea|Maritime incidents in December 1941|Ships built in Cubitt Town |
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