| 词条 | Hoary fox |
| 释义 |
| name = Hoary fox[1] | image = Lycalopex vetulus Carlos Henrique 2.jpeg | image_caption = | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [2] | genus = Lycalopex | species = vetulus | authority = (Lund, 1842) | range_map = Hoary Fox area.png | range_map_caption = Hoary fox range | synonyms = Pseudoalopex vetulus Dusicyon vetulus }} The hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus), also called raposinha-do-campo (Portuguese for "meadow fox"), is a species of zorro or "false" fox endemic to Brazil. Unlike many other foxes, it feeds primarily on small invertebrates such as insects. DescriptionThe hoary fox has a short muzzle, small teeth, a short coat, and slender limbs. The upper part of the body is grey, and the underside of the body is cream or fawn. The tail is black on the tip with a marked dark stripe along the upper surface, which in male animals may extend all the way along the back to the nape of the neck. The ears and outside part of the legs are reddish or tawny, and the lower jaw is black. Some melanistic individuals have also been reported.[3][4] It is small for a fox, weighing only {{convert|3|to|4|kg|abbr=on}}, with a head and body length of {{convert|58|to|72|cm|abbr=on}}, and a tail {{convert|25|to|36|cm|abbr=on}}. Together with its slender form, the small size of the hoary fox makes it an agile and fast-running animal, while its relatively weak teeth adapt it to feeding on invertebrates, rather than larger prey.[4] Behaviour and dietHoary foxes are nocturnal,[5] and largely solitary outside of the breeding season. They mainly eat insects, especially termites and dung beetles, but also may eat rodents, small birds, and fruit. Individuals have widely varying home ranges, depending on the local environment, but an average of {{convert|48|ha|abbr=on}} has been reported from pastures in Mato Grosso.[4] RangeThe hoary fox is native to south-central Brazil, although some sightings have been recorded from the north of the country, and Pleistocene fossils are known from Argentina. Although they may be found in more marginal habitats, they usually live in the cerrado, between {{convert|90|and|1100|m|abbr=on}} elevation, where open woodlands, bushlands, and savannahs that are smooth or scattered with trees occur.[4] No subspecies are recognized. ReproductionFemales usually give birth to two to four pups in August to September, after a gestation period around 50 days.[4] The sex ratio of the pups is equal between males and females.[5] The female prepares a den in which to give birth, sometimes using the burrows of other animals. Weaning occurs around 4 months of age.[4] Both parent participate in rearing of the pups.[5] References{{Wikispecies|Lycalopex vetulus}}{{Commons category|position=left|Pseudalopex vetulus|Pseudalopex vetulus(Hoary fox)}} 1. ^{{MSW3 Wozencraft | pages = | id=14000816}} {{Carnivora|Ca.}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q257432}}{{DEFAULTSORT:fox, hoary}}2. ^{{Cite journal | author = Dalponte, J. | author2 = Courtenay, O. | last-author-amp = yes | title = Lycalopex vetulus | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2008 | page = e.T6926A12815527 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2008 | url = http://oldredlist.iucnredlist.org/details/6926/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T6926A12815527.en | access-date = 12 January 2018}} Database entry includes justification for why this species is listed as of least concern 3. ^{{cite web|title=Lycalopex vetulus|url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Lycalopex_vetulus.html|work=University of Michigan Museum of Zoology|publisher=Animal Diversity Web|accessdate=30 October 2010}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite journal | author = Dalponte, J.C. | year = 2009 | title = Lycalopex vetulus (Carnivora: Canidae) | journal = Mammalian Species | volume = 847 | url=http://www.asmjournals.org/doi/full/10.1644/847.1 | pages = 1–7 | doi = 10.1644/847.1}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite journal | author = Courtenay, O.| year = 2006 | title = First observations on South America's largely insectivorous canid: the hoary fox (Pseudalopex vetulus) | journal = Journal of Zoology | volume = 268 | issue = 1 | pages = 45–54 | doi = 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2005.00021.x|display-authors=etal}} 6 : South American foxes|Mammals of Brazil|Endemic fauna of Brazil|Carnivorans of South America|Least concern biota of South America|Mammals described in 1842 |
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