“Hoberman Arch”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Hoberman Arch was the centerpiece of the Olympic Medals Plaza in downtown Salt Lake City during the 2002 Winter Olympics. Following the Olympics the arch was moved to the Salt Lake 2002 Olympic Cauldron Park where, along with the Olympic cauldron, it was one of the main highlights and an important part of Salt Lake's Olympic legacy. In August 2014 the arch was removed from the park and a new public display location is currently being planned.^[1]

Design and History

The arch was designed by Chuck Hoberman to be used as a mechanical curtain for the Olympic Medal Plaza's stage. It is a semi-circular aluminum structure, which opened like the iris of a human eye.^[2] The arch design was inspired by Utah's natural stone arches, such as Delicate Arch. At the time of its construction the arch was the largest unfolding structure in the world.^[3]

It took Hoberman four months to design the arch (with support from Buro Happold). Specialized knuckle assemblies, which allowed the arch to expand and contract, were fabricated by Hudson Machine Works in Brewster, NY. These were paired with the arch's structural components and pieced together in its entirety by Scenic Technologies of New Windsor, New York, ^[4] who spent an additional four months in constructing the arch in their warehouse in New York. It was then disassembled and then trucked to Utah, being reassembled in January 2002, and unveiled to the public and media by the Salt Lake Organizing Committee (SLOC), on January 25, 2002.^[2]

When installed at the medal plaza it would open to reveal a large 3D sculpture of the 2002 Olympic logo and a second Olympic cauldron, known as the Hero's Cauldron. The stage not only hosted award ceremonies, where the athletes received their medals, but was used as a concert venue during the Olympics; hosting many performing artists including Creed, Brooks & Dunn and the Dave Matthews Band.

Following the Olympics, plans to install the arch in some kind of park were formulated. Many of Salt Lake's citizens wanted the arch to be used in an amphitheater or some kind of concert venue, possibly at downtown's Gallivan Center or Pioneer Park. But because the arch was a symbol of the 2002 games, the United States Olympic Committee put restrictions on possible future locations for the arch (to protect Olympic sponsors from other businesses who do not have Olympic sponsor contracts).^[5] Because of these restrictions, and a lack of consensus among Salt Lake's leaders on where it would go, SLOC announced plans, on December 5, 2002, to install the arch at the Salt Lake 2002 Olympic Cauldron Park.^[6]

On July 30, 2003, the arch was lifted onto its new base at the park using 3 cranes.^[7] The arch was located just outside the park's southern fence and was partly open which allowed visitors to walk through it, while at night the arch was lit with multicolored lights. The arch was removed from the park in August 2014.^[1] On December 6, 2014, pieces of the arch were stolen^[8] from an impound lot where it had been stored.^[9]

Details

The arch is {{convert|36|ft|m}} tall, {{convert|72|ft|m}} feet wide, and weighs {{convert|31000|lb|kg}}^[2] It is made up of 4,000 individual pieces put together as 96 connected panels and are connected with 13,000 steel rivets.^[4] The 96 panels vary in size, but the largest are {{convert|9|ft|m}} tall and {{convert|5|ft|m}} wide. The panels are also translucent which allowed light from behind to be seen and echoed the 2002 Olympic theme Light the Fire Within. Two 30-horsepower motors controlled eight separate cables which pulled the mechanical curtain open in about 20 seconds.^[2] When the arch was fully opened it had folded up into a {{convert|6|ft|m}} ring, which framed the stage.

Because of the potential of strong storms during the games, the arch was built to operate in extreme weather, including up to {{convert|70|mi|km|adj=on}} -per-hour winds.^[2]

References

1. ^¹{{cite news |last=Richards |first=Mary |date=1 August 2014 |title=Olympic arch leaving Rice-Eccles Stadium |url=http://www.ksl.com/?sid=30954483&nid=148&title=olympic-arch-leaving-rice-eccles-stadium |location=Salt Lake City |publisher=KSL-TV |accessdate=1 August 2014}}
2. ^¹²³⁴{{cite news |title=Space-Age Arch Will Serve as Medals Plaza Curtain |author=Brandon Griggs |newspaper=Salt Lake Tribune |date=26 January 2002}}
3. ^{{cite press release |title=World's Largest Unfolding Arch To Form Centerpiece Of Winter Olympics' Medal Plaza |url=http://www.burohappold.com/BH/NWS_2001WorldsLargestUnfoldingArchToFormCe.aspx |publisher=Buro Happold |date=5 November 2001 |accessdate=11 November 2010}}
4. ^¹{{cite news |title=Olympic arch takes a bow |author=Peter Thunell |newspaper=Deseret News |date=26 January 2002 |url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/891655/Olympic-arch-takes-a-bow.html |accessdate=10 November 2010}}
5. ^{{cite news |title=Oly Hurdle Trips Gallivan Center - Branding concerns may squelch arch deal |author=Heather May |newspaper=Salt Lake Tribune |date=14 November 2002}}
6. ^{{cite news |title=Arch Would Anchor U. Olympic Legacy |author=Mike Gorrell |newspaper=Salt Lake Tribune |date=6 December 2002}}
7. ^{{cite news |title=Hoberman arch installed at the U. |author=Lisa Riley Roche |newspaper=Deseret News |date=31 July 2003 |url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/1000188/Hoberman-arch-installed-at-the-U.html |accessdate=10 November 2010}}
8. ^{{cite news |title=Pieces of Hoberman Arch stolen from Salt Lake City impound lot |author=Stephen Hunt |newspaper=The Salt Lake Tribune |date=8 Dec 2014 |url=http://www.sltrib.com/news/1923263-155/pieces-of-hoberman-arch-stolen-from}}
9. ^{{cite news |title=Olympic icon is stored like scrap at Salt Lake City impound lot |author=Christopher Smart |newspaper=The Salt Lake Tribune |date=13 Nov 2014 |url=http://www.sltrib.com/news/1816205-155/arch-council-hoberman-icon-impound-lake}}

Design and History

Details

References

External links