| 词条 | Coalisland | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| official_name = Coalisland | irish_name = Oileán an Ghuail[1] | scots_name = Collislann[2] | static_image_name = Coalisland heading south.jpg | static_image_caption = View from the north of the town | map_type = Ireland | coordinates = {{coord|54.542|-6.694|display=inline,title}} | label_position = none | belfast_distance = {{convert|35|mi|km}} | unitary_northern_ireland = Mid-Ulster | population = 5700 | population_ref = (2011 Census) | country = Northern Ireland | post_town = DUNGANNON | postcode_area = BT | postcode_district = BT71 | dial_code = 028 | constituency_westminster = Mid Ulster | constituency_ni_assembly = Mid Ulster | lieutenancy_northern_ireland = County Tyrone | website = |hide_services = yes }} Coalisland is a small town in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, with a population of 5,700 in 2011. Four miles from Lough Neagh, it was formerly a centre for coal mining. HistoryOriginsIn the late 17th century coal deposits were discovered in East Tyrone. While it was possible to exploit these resources, the difficulty was getting the coal to market in Dublin. In 1744 work began on the Coalisland Canal linking the coalfields to Lough Neagh. The town grew up around the canal workings.[3] Twentieth centuryOn 24 August 1968, the Campaign for Social Justice (CSJ), the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA), and other groups, held the first civil rights march in Northern Ireland, from Coalisland to Dungannon. The rally was officially banned, but took place and passed off without incident. The publicity surrounding the march encouraged other protesting groups to form branches of the NICRA.[4] The Troubles{{See also|The Troubles in Coalisland|1992 Coalisland riots}}The town has traditionally been viewed as an IRA stronghold throughout the Twentieth Century, with deep and enduring links to republicanism in the vicinity. From 1969 to 2001, a total of 20 people were shot in or near Coalisland during the Troubles. The British Army killed a total of eight people, seven of whom were Provisional Irish Republican Army members and one a Catholic civilian,[5] and the IRA in turn killed five British soldiers, three Royal Ulster Constabulary policemen, one ex-Ulster Defence Regiment soldier, and two Catholic civilians, all in separate incidents. The Ulster Volunteer Force was responsible for the murder of a Catholic civilian in the nearby town of Aughamullan.[6] TransportCanalThe town was served by a canal (the Coalisland Canal or Tyrone Navigation), although this is now derelict. A campaign for its restoration is underway. RailCoalisland railway station was opened on 28 July 1897, closed for passenger traffic on 16 January 1956 and for goods traffic on 5 October 1959, finally closing altogether on 1 April 1965. There are no remains of the railway other than the bridge on the Derry Road and an old goods shed and grown over platforms.[7]BusDaily bus services operated by Ulsterbus go through the town every 15–60 days: 80 Dungannon–Cookstown via Coalisland 80A Dungannon–Coalisland 80B Dungannon–Coalisland via Newmills 80C Dungannon–Killen 80D Stewartsown Carpark via Brocagh Arts and CultureThe Craic Theatre and Arts Centre is a performing arts venue built on the site of an old weaving factory. Each year it provides opportunities and entertainment for people of the area, through its in-house company Craic Players. It has a youth theatre programme for children and young people aged 4 – 18. It also offers professional touring companies the opportunity to stage shows, concerts and workshops.[8] Education
Sport
Demography19th century populationThe population of the village increased during the 19th century:[9][10][11][12]
21st century populationCoalisland is classified by the NI Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) as a small town (i.e. with population between 4,500 and 10,000 people). On Census day (29 April 2001) there were 4,917 people living in Coalisland. Of these:
People
References{{commons category}}1. ^[https://www.logainm.ie/ga/64071?s=coalisland] 2. ^Ulster-Scots guide to Moira Station – Department of the Environment 3. ^{{cite web|title=The Typographical Dictionary of Ireland|url=https://www.libraryireland.com/topog/C/Coalisland-Dungannon-Tyrone.php|accessdate=6 December 2018}} 4. ^{{cite web | title=A Chronology of the Conflict - 1968 | work=Conflict Archive on the Internet (CAIN)| url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch68.htm | accessdate=11 July 2009}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.relativesforjustice.com/martin-mcshane.htm= |title=Relatives for Justice }}{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/chron/index.html= |title=CAIN (Conflict Archive on the Internet) - List of Deaths }}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 7. ^{{cite web | title=Coalisland station | work=Railscot - Irish Railways | url=http://www.railscot.co.uk/Ireland/Irish_railways.pdf | accessdate=2007-09-17}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Craic Theatre & Arts Centre|url=http://craicartscentre.co.uk/|accessdate=10 December 2017}} 9. ^{{cite web | title=Census of Ireland 1851| work=Enhanced Parliamentary Papers on Ireland| url=http://eppi.dippam.ac.uk/documents/13130/eppi_pages/336880 | accessdate=22 March 2013}} 10. ^{{cite web | title=Census of Ireland 1851| work=Enhanced Parliamentary Papers on Ireland| url=http://eppi.dippam.ac.uk/documents/13130/eppi_pages/336884 | accessdate=22 March 2013}} 11. ^{{cite web | title=Census of Ireland 1891| work=Enhanced Parliamentary Papers on Ireland| url=http://eppi.dippam.ac.uk/documents/18814/eppi_pages/505462 | accessdate=22 March 2013}} 12. ^{{cite web | title=Census of Ireland 1891| work=Enhanced Parliamentary Papers on Ireland| url=http://eppi.dippam.ac.uk/documents/18814/eppi_pages/505466 | accessdate=22 March 2013}} External links
1 : Coalisland |
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