| 词条 | Coat of arms of Slovenia |
| 释义 |
|name = Coat of arms of Slovenia |image = Coat of Arms of Slovenia.svg |image_width = 200 |middle = |middle_width = |middle_caption = |lesser = |lesser_width = |lesser_caption = |armiger = Republic of Slovenia |year_adopted = 1991 |crest = |torse = |shield = Azure, issuant from base a mountain of three peaks argent surmounted at nombril point by two bars wavy of the first and ensigned in chief by three mullets Or two and one, all within a bordure gules |supporters = |compartment = |motto = |orders = |other_elements = |earlier_versions = |use = }} The Slovenian coat of arms consists of a red bordered blue shield on which there is a stylised white Mount Triglav, under which there are two wavy lines representing the sea and the rivers of the country. Above Mount Triglav, there are three golden six-pointed stars representing the Counts of Celje.[1] It was designed in 1991 by Marko Pogačnik and adopted on 24 June 1991. HistoryKingdom of YugoslaviaUntil the dissolution of Austria-Hungary, the Slovene Lands did not have a coat of arms representing the whole nation, instead it had a different coat of arms for every land. When the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs merged with Kingdom of Serbia, Slovenia got the first real coat of arms, which actually was a heavily modified one from the Serbian Kingdom. The coat of arms presents the Serbian shield with white cross on the left, the Croatian shield on the right and under both there is a blue shield representing Slovenes. An image of the royal Yugoslav coat of arms can be seen on the 10-Yugoslav dinar banknote of 1926.[2] Socialist Republic of SloveniaThe coat of arms of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia was designed by Branko Simčič on the basis of the symbol of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation. The sea and the mount Triglav motive appeared in the coat of arms of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia, one of six constituent republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The former coat of arms was rounded by wheat with linden leaves and featured a red star at the top. There was also the other coat of arms which presented Yugoslavia as a whole. Republic of SloveniaThe tender for the design of the new coat of arms of Slovenia was published in May 1991. It was won by Marko Pogačnik. He based his design on the understanding of Slovenia as a macroregional entity and on the work by France Prešeren and Jože Plečnik. In regard, to Prešeren, the coat of arms depicts the description of nature given by the poet in his epic-lyric poem The Baptism on the Savica. In regard to Plečnik, the coat of arms follows the coat of arms of Slovenia, carved upon the design by the architect in 1934 at the column of the Virgin Mary, which stands in front of the parish church in Bled.[3] Pogačnik's design was proclaimed the new official coat of arms of Slovenia with the constitutional amendment C 100 and became valid on 24 June 1991. Historical symbolsSymbolicsThe designer, Marko Pogačnik, has described the coat of arms as a cosmogram, which creates an energetic field protecting the country and stimulating its inner potentials.[4] According to Pogačnik, the Triglav symbolises the male principle. There are two white bending lines below it, representing the Triglav Lakes Valley and the Slovene sea and rivers in general, or the female principle. Above Triglav, there are three golden, six-pointed stars, forming a triangle and symbolising democracy. The stars are taken from the coat of arms of the Counts of Celje.[5] Legal statusAs a work of arts, published in the official journal Official Gazette, the national coat of arms of Slovenia qualifies as an official work and is per Article 9 of the Slovene Copyright and Related Rights Act not protected by the copyrights.[6] Its usage is regulated by the Act Regulating the Coat-of-Arms, Flag and Anthem of the Republic of Slovenia and the Flag of the Slovene Nation, published in the Official Gazette in 1994.[7] CriticismThe coat of arms of the Republic of Slovenia has been criticised by the herald Aleksander Hribovšek as heraldically lacking in a number of views. For example, he has stated that it has no official blazon, and its form of shield is not heraldically recognised. Mount Triglav and the sea are represented incorrectly, and he criticised the choice of Triglav as a symbol.[8] References1. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.uradni-list.si/1/objava.jsp?urlid=199467&stevilka=2392 |title=Zakon o grbu, zastavi in himni Republike Slovenije ter o slovenski narodni zastavi |language=Slovenian |trans-title=The Law on the Coat of Arms, the Flag and the Anthem of the Republic of Slovenia and on the Slovene National Flag |date=21 October 1994 |newspaper=Uradni list [Official Gazette]}} 2. ^10 dinar note of 1926 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120224203245/http://aes.iupui.edu/rwise/banknotes/yugoslavia/YugoslaviaP25-10Dinara-1926-donatedms_b.jpg |date=February 24, 2012 }} 3. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.siol.net/novice/poglobljeno/2011/06/terankosir_avtor_slovenskega_grba.aspx |title=Pogačnik: Slovenija bi se morala osamosvojiti od civilizacije |language=Slovenian |trans-title=Pogačnik: Slovenia Should Become Independent from Civilisation |first=Alenka |last=Teran Košir |newspaper=Planet Siol.net |date=25 June 2011}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ljudmila.org/pogacnik/Stran9.html |title=Interview with Marko Pogačnik, the designer of the Slovene coat of arms, carried out before the national celebration in 2003 by the Radio Maribor journalist Barbara Leskovar |year=2003 |first=Marko |last=Pogačnik |publisher=Ljudmila.org |language=Slovenian, English}} 5. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.primorske.si/Priloge/7--Val/Drzavni-simboli-niso-carovnija-so-pa-silen-potenci.aspx |title=Državni simboli niso čarovnija, so pa silen potencial |language=Slovenian |trans-title=National Symbols are not Magic, but Are a Strong Potential |newspaper=Primorske.si |date=26 June 2011 |publisher=Primorske novice, d.o.o. |issn=1580-4747}} 6. ^M. B. Jančič, M. B. Breznik, M. Damjan, M. Kovačič, M. Milohnić. Upravljanje avtorskih in sorodnih pravic na Internetu - Vidik javnih inštitucij (in Slovene) [The Management of Copyright and Related Rights on Internet - The Aspect of Public Institutions]. August 2010. Peace Institute; Faculty of Law, University of Ljubljana. Pg. 28. 7. ^Zakon o grbu, zastavi in himni Republike Slovenije ter o slovenski narodni zastavi (Slovene) [Act Regulating the Coat-of-Arms, Flag and Anthem of the Republic of Slovenia and the Flag of the Slovene Nation]. Official Gazette. 67/1994. 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.grboslovje.si/novice/article_2011_12_20_0005.php |title=Zgodovina slovenskih državnih grbov |language=Slovenian |trans-title=The History of the Slovene National Coats of Arms |date=20 December 2011 |work=Slovenska heraldika [Slovene Heraldics]}} External links
4 : National symbols of Slovenia|National coats of arms|Coats of arms with stars|Coats of arms with mountains |
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