| 词条 | Horatio Wills |
| 释义 |
| name = Horatio Wills | image = Horatio Wills.jpg | alt = | caption = Horatio Wills circa 1850s | birth_name = Horatio Spencer Howe Wills | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1811|10|05}} | birth_place = Sydney, New South Wales, Australia | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1861|10|17|1811|10|05}} | death_place = Cullin-la-ringo, Queensland, Australia | nationality = Australian | other_names = | occupation = pastoralist, politician | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = }} Horatio Spencer Howe Wills (5 October 1811 – 17 October 1861)[1] was an Australian sheep and cattle grazer and politician. Born in Sydney, the son of a convict Edward Spencer Wills transported to Australia for highway robbery, arriving in 1799 with wife Sarah Harding and eldest daughter Sarah. Wills worked as a printer and editor for Australia's first newspaper, The Sydney Gazette, before founding his own journal, The Currency Lad, in 1832. In it, he promoted the interests of "currency lads and lasses" (native-born Australians) and argued for a form of Australian republicanism, prefiguring the nationalist attitudes of the late 19th century.[1] He was also the father of Tom Wills, Australia's first great cricketer and inventor of Australian rules football. In the late 1830s, Wills took up pastoralism and overlanded with his family to the Grampians region of the Port Phillip District (now the state of Victoria). Wills was one of the first settlers in the area, and purchased a {{convert|125000|acre|km2|sing=on}} property named Lexington near Moyston. He built a house on the property; completed in 1845, it still exists and is now heritage-listed. While at Lexington he is credited as having named nearby Mount Ararat, from which the city of Ararat takes its name. He hired aborigines as station hands and harvesters on his property. In 1852, Wills sold Lexington and moved to Belle Vue in Geelong. Wills was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council for Grant on 10 January 1855;[1][2] and was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for South Grant in November 1856, a position he held until August 1859.[3] In 1861, Horatio moved north to Queensland, at Cullin-La-Ringo in the Nogoa region near Rockhampton. Less than three weeks later, Wills was murdered by aborigines, along with 18 of his employ at the Cullin-la-ringo massacre, 17 October 1861; the biggest massacre of whites by Aboriginal people in Australian history. Sources
|first=C. E. |last=Sayers |title=Wills, Horatio Spencer Howe (1811–1861) |id2=wills-horatio-spencer-howe-2799 |year=1967 |accessdate=19 August 2014}} 1. ^McKenna, Mark (1996). The Captive Republic: A History of Republicanism in Australia 1788–1996. Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-521-57618-5}}. pp. 23–25. {{Authority control}}{{s-start}}{{s-par | au-vic-lc}}{{s-bef | before= William Haines }}{{s-ttl2. ^{{cite book |title=Constitutional Development of Victoria, 1851-6 |last=Sweetman |first=Edward |year=1920 |publisher=Whitcombe & Tombs Limited |page=180 |url=https://archive.org/details/constitutionalde00swee |accessdate=19 August 2014}} 3. ^1 2 {{ cite re-member |mid=831 |name=Wills, Horatio Spencer Howe |accessdate=19 August 2014}} | title = Member for Grant | years = January 1855 – March 1856 |with = John Myles}}{{s-non | reason = Original Council abolished}}{{s-par | au-vic-la}}{{s-new | district}}{{s-ttl | title = Member for South Grant | years = November 1856 – August 1859 | with = William Haines 1856–58 John Bell 1859 John Myles 1856–59}}{{s-aft | after = Peter Lalor James Carr }}{{end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Wills, Horatio Spencer Howe}}{{australia-politician-stub}} 9 : 1811 births|1861 deaths|Australian murder victims|People murdered in Queensland|Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly|Members of the Victorian Legislative Council|Politicians from Sydney|19th-century Australian politicians|Australian republicans |
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