| 词条 | Hosteen Klah |
| 释义 |
| name = Hosteen Klah | image = File:Hosteen Klah.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Hosteen Klah in middle age. | birth_name = {{lang-nv|{{spell-nv|Hastiin Tłʼa}}}}, {{spell-nv|Awééʼ ashkii}} | birth_date = 1867 | birth_place = Bear Mountain, near Fort Wingate, New Mexico | death_date = February 27, 1937 | death_place = | nationality = American / Navajo | spouse = | field = Weaver, artist and medicine man (chanting and sandpainting) | training = | movement = Founded the Wheelwright Museum of the American Indian with Mary Cabot Wheelwright | works = | patrons = | awards = | elected = | website = | bgcolour = }} Hosteen Klah ({{lang-nv|{{spell-nv|Hastiin Tłʼa}}}}, 1867– February 27, 1937)[1] was a Navajo artist and medicine man. He documented aspects of Navajo religion and related ceremonial practices. He was also a master weaver. BackgroundHosteen Klah, also spelled Hastiin Klah, was born in 1867 at Bear Mountain, near Fort Wingate, New Mexico. His name essentially means Sir Left Handed in Navajo; in his youth, he was called Ahway Eskay ({{spell-nv|Awééʼ ashkii}}). Hoksay Nolyae was his father and Ahson Tsosie, of the {{spell-nv|Tsétaaʼáanii}} Clan, was his mother.[2] Klah was born after the Navajos’ return to their homelands from forced government internment at Bosque Redondo. Klah avoided attending government school;[3] rather, he received training in the traditionally male realm of ceremonial practices (chanting and sandpainting) from his uncle. While most individuals master only one or two complete chants, Klah mastered at least eight. GenderHosteen Klah is most commonly believed to be intersex.[2] Klah was important to the development of Navajo weaving. Among the Navajo, weavers are typically women, and chanters ({{spell-nv|hataałii}}) are normally male. Hosteen Klah was both a weaver and a chanter. This was possible because of his particular gender status. Klah was a {{spell-nv|Nádleehi|nádleeh}} (meaning "one who is transformed" or "one who changes"). A {{spell-nv|nádleeh}} could be born male, female, or intersex.[3] WeavingIdentified as a {{spell-nv|nádleeh}} in adolescence, Klah began his training in the traditionally female craft of weaving with his mother and sister in the 1880s. Klah wove his first complete weaving at the 1892–1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago,[2][3] where he was probably part of a sandpainting demonstration. In 1916, Klah wove imagery from the {{spell-nv|Yéʼii bicheii}} dance into a rug. He incorporated more representations of Navajo religion into his weaving, including sandpainting imagery by 1919. This practice was regarded as sacrilegious by many Navajo traditionalists[2][3] and is regarded as such by some Navajo people today. Klah taught his two nieces both his weaving techniques and designs.[3] Wheelwright MuseumIn 1921, Hosteen Klah was introduced to Mary Cabot Wheelwright, a Boston heiress. The two became friends and collaborated in founding the Wheelwright Museum of the American Indian in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Fearing for the future of Navajo religion after witnessing decades of assimilationist assaults on traditional culture by missionaries and the US government, Klah wanted to document Navajo religion and make it available for future generations. The museum was initially called the Navajo House of Prayer and House of Navajo Religion, but then renamed the Museum of Navajo Ceremonial Art, and ultimately renamed in 1977, when the museum repatriated sensitive cultural patrimony back to the Navajo Nation.[4] DeathHosteen Klah died on February 27, 1937 from pneumonia, and he is buried on the grounds of the Wheelwright Museum.[2] See also
Notes1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.heardguild.org/hosteen-klah/|title=Hosteen Klah|website=www.heardguild.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-06}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 Lapahie, Harrison, Jr. Hosteen Klah (Sir Left Handed). Lapahie.com. 2001 (retrieved 19 Oct 2009) 3. ^1 2 3 4 Berlo and Philips, 34 4. ^"About the Museum." Wheelwright Museum of the American Indian. (retrieved 19 Oct 2009) References
|title=Hosteen Klah: Navaho Medicine Man and Sand Painter |author=Franc Johnson Newcomb |date=June 1980 |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |isbn=0-8061-1008-2 |url=https://www.amazon.com/Hosteen-Klah-Navaho-Medicine-Painter/dp/0806110082 }} 1971, and later reprints. {{Navajo Nation}}{{Weaving}}{{Rugs and carpets}}{{portalbar|New Mexico|Indigenous peoples of North America|Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Arts|Culture}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Klah, Hosteen}} 10 : Navajo artists|American weavers|Native American textile artists|Religious figures of the indigenous peoples of North America|Two-spirit people|American animists|1867 births|1937 deaths|Museum founders|Healers |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。