| 词条 | HpH 304 | |||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Development by GlasflügelThe 304 was the second and last glider developed by Glasflügel in cooperation with Schempp-Hirth. It superseded the Glasflügel Mosquito. The principal designer of the 304 was Martin Hansen, known for his role in the design of the Akaflieg Braunschweig SB-11. The glider continued the Glasflügel tradition of innovation: the parallelogram control stick, combined trailing edge flaps and airbrakes, automatic trimming, heel-operated brakes, automatic control connections, the extremely easy assembly of the wings and tailplane, the parallelogram forward-opening canopy and lifting instrument panel are Glasflügel innovations largely copied by other manufacturers. The prototype flew for the first time in May 1980 and entered production shortly after. Glasflügel was financially struggling at that time, following the untimely death of Eugen Hänle, the founder of the company, in 1975. A partnership with Schempp-Hirth led to a surrender of technology. Lacking investment and an energetic leadership, the company folded in 1982. A small batch was later built by the Jastreb company in Yugoslavia as the 304B. The 304 is sometimes referred to as the H-304, which is not correct, as the H applies only to the Glasflügel sailplanes designed principally by Wolfgang Hütter. Development by HpHThe 304 was put back in production by the Czech company HpH Ltd, as the Glasflügel 304CZ. This new production run uses the original Glasflügel moulds and jigs that fortunately were not lost with the demise of the company. The 304CZ was updated with the addition of winglets and a few other changes, and has spawned several derivatives, namely a 17.43 metre span variant 304 CZ-17 and the 15 metre Standard Class 304 C Wasp. In November 2006, HPH conducted the maiden flight of the completely new 18 metre 304 S Shark. The 304 S Shark features an all new wing design using the HpH xn2 profile with the airfoil only 13.2% of the cord thickness (16.4% at the root). The 18 metre wing yields a best glide of 51:1 and minimum sink of 0.44 m/s (0.85 kt).[2] The new Safety Cockpit uses a Carbon/Kevlar safety shell that meets the latest EASA Safety Standards.[3] The 304 S is larger than the 304 C and while interchangeable wing extensions are available for 15-metre or 18-metre span, the most common configuration is the 18-metre version. The Shark is available in Self-Launch Versions (Shark MS) using the popular Solo 2625-01 powerplant, or as a sustainer using either a 400 N thrust Jet powerplant or with a Front-Electric-Sustainer (FES) solution. By early 2015 about 50 HPH Shark sailplanes had been produced with about 50% being Self-launchers, the remainder being sustainers of one type or another. Variants
Glasflügel produced.
Jastreb produced.
HpH produced variant certified in 1998 with a 15 metre span.
HpH produced variant certified in 1999 with a 15 metre span and interchangeable winglets and wing extensions to 17.43 metre span.
HpH produced variant certified in 2001 with a 15 metre span.
HpH produced variant first flown in 2006 and is an entirely new sailplane with interchangeable winglets for 15-metre or 18-metre span. So far only the 18m version has been produced, driven largely by customer demand. The new 18m wing offers substantially better performance than the original 304. The Shark is one of the first gliders certified to the latest version of CS22 and has a 9g cockpit utilising Aramid fibres in the forward fuselage and carbon in the rear, except the top of the fin which is Glass so the Radio antenna can work. Virtually all Sharks have some form of motor system. See below.
HpH produced variant with 18-metre span and optional TBS 400N jet engine for self-retrieve.
HpH produced variant with 18-metre span and optional FES system for self-retrieve.
HpH produced variant with 18-metre span and optional Solo 2625 01 motor for self-launch.
HpH produced variant with two seats and 20 metre span. The Twinshark first flew in July 2017 and initial flying impressions are very favourable indicating that it performs at least as well as the other two latest generation 20m flapped two seaters that are already on the market. Specifications (HpH 304C){{aerospecs|ref= |met or eng?=met |crew=One pilot |capacity=115 kg (253 lb) water ballast |length m=6.45 |length ft=21 |length in=2 |span m=15.00 |span ft=49 |span in=3 |swept m= |swept ft= |swept in= |rot number= |rot dia m= |rot dia ft= |rot dia in= |dia m= |dia ft= |dia in= |width m= |width ft= |width in= |height m=1.36 |height ft=4 |height in=6 |wing area sqm=9.9 |wing area sqft=106 |swept area sqm= |swept area sqft= |rot area sqm= |rot area sqft= |volume m3= |volume ft3= |aspect ratio=22.8 |empty weight kg=ca. 235 |empty weight lb=517 |gross weight kg=450 |gross weight lb=990 |lift kg= |lift lb= |eng1 number= |eng1 type= |eng1 kw= |eng1 hp= |eng1 kn= |eng1 lbf= |eng1 kn-ab= |eng1 lbf-ab= |eng2 number= |eng2 type= |eng2 kw= |eng2 hp= |eng2 kn= |eng2 lbf= |eng2 kn-ab= |eng2 lbf-ab= |max speed kmh=250 |max speed mph=160 |max speed mach= |cruise speed kmh= |cruise speed mph= |range km= |range miles= |endurance h= |endurance min= |ceiling m= |ceiling ft= |glide ratio=42.7 |climb rate ms= |climb rate ftmin= |sink rate ms=0.57 |sink rate ftmin=112 |armament1= |armament2= |armament3= |armament4= |armament5= |armament6= }} Specifications (HpH 304S - 18m)[4]{{aerospecs|ref= |met or eng?=met |crew=One pilot |capacity=250 kg (551 lb) - 250 litres (66 US gal) water ballast |length m=6.79 |length ft=22 |length in=3 |span m=18.00 |span ft=59 |span in= |swept m= |swept ft= |swept in= |rot number= |rot dia m= |rot dia ft= |rot dia in= |dia m= |dia ft= |dia in= |width m= |width ft= |width in= |height m=1.48 |height ft=4 |height in=10 |wing area sqm=11.8 |wing area sqft=127 |swept area sqm= |swept area sqft= |rot area sqm= |rot area sqft= |volume m3= |volume ft3= |aspect ratio=27.43 |empty weight kg=280 |empty weight lb=617 |gross weight kg=600 |gross weight lb=1323 |lift kg= |lift lb= |eng1 number= |eng1 type= |eng1 kw= |eng1 hp= |eng1 kn= |eng1 lbf= |eng1 kn-ab= |eng1 lbf-ab= |eng2 number= |eng2 type= |eng2 kw= |eng2 hp= |eng2 kn= |eng2 lbf= |eng2 kn-ab= |eng2 lbf-ab= |max speed kmh=280 |max speed mph=174 |max speed mach= |cruise speed kmh= |cruise speed mph= |range km= |range miles= |endurance h= |endurance min= |ceiling m= |ceiling ft= |glide ratio=51.2 (Independently Measured) |climb rate ms= |climb rate ftmin= |sink rate ms=0.44 |sink rate ftmin=82.8 |armament1= |armament2= |armament3= |armament4= |armament5= |armament6= }} See also{{aircontent|see also= |related= |similar aircraft= |lists=
}} References{{commons category|Glasflügel 304}}1. ^{{cite web|title=HpH|url=http://hphuk.co.uk/about-hph/}} 2. ^{{cite journal|journal=Sailplane & Gliding|date=April–May 2007|page=19}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://hphuk.co.uk/hph-products/shark-series/|title=HpH Shark Family}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=HpH Shark Technical Specs|url=http://www.hph.cz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=59&Itemid=62&lang=en}}
External links
3 : Glider aircraft|Glasflügel aircraft|German sailplanes 1980–1989 |
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