“Hugh Watt”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Hugh Watt

释义

Early life
Political career
Death
Notes
References

{{About|the New Zealand politician}}{{Use New Zealand English|date=August 2014}}{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2011}}{{Infobox Prime Minister
|honorific-prefix=The Right Honourable
|name=Hugh Watt
|image=Hugh Watt.jpg
|honorific-suffix= JP
|order=5th Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand
|term_start=8 December 1972
|term_end=1 September 1974
|primeminister=Norman Kirk
|predecessor=Robert Muldoon
|successor=Bob Tizard
|order2=Prime Minister of New Zealand
{{small|Acting}}
|term_start2=1 September 1974
|term_end2=6 September 1974
|predecessor2=Norman Kirk
|successor2=Bill Rowling
|birth_date={{Birth date|1912|03|19|df=y}}
|birth_place=Perth, Western Australia
|death_date={{Death date and age|df=y|1980|2|4|1912|3|19}}
|death_place=Auckland, New Zealand
|spouse=(1) Alice Merry Fowke (m. 1935; div 1965)
(2) Irene Frances Watt
|children=4
|party=Labour
|constituency=Onehunga
|religion=
}}

Hugh Watt {{post-nominals|NZ|size=100%|PC}} (19 March 1912 – 4 February 1980) was a Labour member of Parliament and the Interim Prime Minister of New Zealand between 1 and 6 September 1974, following the death of Prime Minister Norman Kirk. He had been Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand since 8 December 1972. Watt later served as High Commissioner to the United Kingdom.

Early life

Watt was Australian-born, like Labour Party founders such as Harry Holland, Michael Joseph Savage, Bob Semple and Paddy Webb and later MPs such as Mabel Howard and Jerry Skinner. He was born in Perth, Western Australia, in 1912, but emigrated to New Zealand with his family when he was a child. He attended Seddon Memorial Technical College, where he studied engineering, and established his own engineering business in 1947.^[1]

Political career

{{NZ parlbox header|nolist=true|align=left}}{{NZ parlbox
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|end = 1954
|term = 30th
|electorate = {{NZ electorate link|Onehunga}}
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
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|end = 1957
|term = 31st
|electorate = Onehunga
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
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|end = 1960
|term = 32nd
|electorate = Onehunga
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
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|start = {{NZ election link year|1960}}
|end = 1963
|term = 33rd
|electorate = Onehunga
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
}}{{NZ parlbox
|start = {{NZ election link year|1963}}
|end = 1966
|term = 34th
|electorate = Onehunga
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
}}{{NZ parlbox
|start = {{NZ election link year|1966}}
|end = 1969
|term = 35th
|electorate = Onehunga
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
}}{{NZ parlbox
|start = {{NZ election link year|1969}}
|end = 1972
|term = 36th
|electorate = Onehunga
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
}}{{NZ parlbox
|start = {{NZ election link year|1972}}
|end = 1975
|term = 37th
|electorate = Onehunga
|party = New Zealand Labour Party
}}{{NZ parlbox footer}}

He stood unsuccessfully for Labour in Remuera in 1949 and in Parnell in 1951.{{sfn|Norton|1988|pp=314, 331}} He then won Onehunga in a {{By-election link|Onehunga|1953}} after the death of Arthur Osborne, and held it to 1975.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=244}}

Watt was first appointed as a minister in the Second Labour Government led by Walter Nash; he was Minister of Works (1957–1960) and Minister of Electricity (1958–1960).{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=88}} During the Third Labour Government, in the ministry led by Norman Kirk, he was Minister of Labour (1972–1974) and Minister of Works and Development (1972–1974).{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=92}}

Following Kirk's sudden death on 31 August 1974 the government was left with a leadership vacancy. Watt, who was then serving as Deputy Prime Minister, acted as prime minister for six days before a new leader was elected. On 6 September, Bill Rowling replaced Kirk as Labour Party Leader and Prime Minister. The party's National Executive and the Federation of Labour had preferred Watt.^[2] Many in the parliamentary party, however, felt at 61 he was too old and that Labour needed a younger leader.{{sfn|Henderson|1981|p=104-5}} In the Rowling ministry, Watt retained the Works and Development portfolio, and was additionally appointed to the Executive Council without portfolio.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=93}}

Watt was appointed New Zealand's High Commissioner to the United Kingdom effective from 22 March 1975 for three years. Controversially, he stayed on as a member of Parliament and Cabinet minister.^[3] In June 1975, Watt was asked if he was about to resign as an MP. He stated that:

If I were to resign now as a Member of Parliament [for Onehunga] it would mean that I would lose my Cabinet status and the unique position that I have as High Commissioner with Executive Council rank that gives me access to British Government Ministers."^[4]

Watt resigned at the 1975 general election in favour of Frank Rogers.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=244}}

Death

He died in 1980 in Auckland's Greenlane Hospital.^[5]

He had married twice, and was survived by his two wives, two sons and two daughters.

Notes

1. ^{{cite news | title=Hugh Watt — politician of the people | date=6 February 1980 | work=New Zealand Herald | page=14}}
2. ^Auckland Star 5 September 1974 p11
3. ^{{cite news | url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1946&dat=19750222&id=7fchAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0KEFAAAAIBAJ&pg=3541,1269068 | title=New Zealand: Island unties apron strings | work=The Montreal Gazette | date=22 February 1975 | accessdate=24 September 2014 | author=Hay, John}}
4. ^The Evening Post 13 June 1975
5. ^{{cite news | title=Mr Rowling pays tribute to 'gentleman Hugh Watt' | date=6 February 1980 | work=New Zealand Herald | page=3}}

References

{{Cite book |ref=harv |last= Wilson |first= James Oakley |title= New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 |edition= 4th |origyear= First ed. published 1913 |year= 1985 |publisher= V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer |location= Wellington |oclc=154283103}}
Hugh Watt profile via World Statesmen
{{cite book |ref = harv |last = Norton |first = Clifford |authorlink = |title = New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946-1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science |year = 1988 |publisher = Victoria University of Wellington |location = Wellington |isbn = 0-475-11200-8 }}
{{cite book |ref=harv |last=Henderson |first=John |title=Rowling: The Man and the Myth |year=1981 |publisher=Fraser Books |location= Auckland |isbn=0-908620-03-9}}

{{s-start}}{{s-par|nz}}{{s-bef|before=Arthur Osborne}}{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for Onehunga|years=1953–1975}}{{s-aft|after=Frank Rogers}}{{s-off}}{{S-bef|before=Robert Muldoon}}{{S-ttl|title=Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand|years=1972–1974}}{{S-aft|after=Bob Tizard}}{{s-ppo}}{{s-bef|before=Fred Hackett}}{{s-ttl|title=Deputy-Leader of the Labour Party|years=1963–1974}}{{s-aft|after=Bob Tizard}}{{s-dip}}{{s-bef|before= Terry McCombs }}{{s-ttl|title= High Commissioner of New Zealand to the United Kingdom |years= 1975–1976 }}{{s-aft|after = Douglas Carter}}{{end}}{{New Zealand prime ministers}}{{Deputy Prime Ministers of New Zealand}}{{NZ Labour Party}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Watt, Hugh}}

14 : 1912 births|1980 deaths|Australian emigrants to New Zealand|Members of the Cabinet of New Zealand|New Zealand members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom|New Zealand Labour Party MPs|High Commissioners of New Zealand to the United Kingdom|Deputy Prime Ministers of New Zealand|Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives|New Zealand MPs for Auckland electorates|People from Perth, Western Australia|Unsuccessful candidates in the 1951 New Zealand general election|Unsuccessful candidates in the 1949 New Zealand general election|Auckland University of Technology alumni

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