| 词条 | IBM 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The IBM 101 Electronic Statistical Machine, introduced in 1952,[1] combines in one unit the functions of sorting, counting, accumulating, balancing, editing, and printing of summaries of facts recorded in IBM cards. The 101 could sort cards based on multiple columns. For example, if a card had multiple 3-column test scores, the 101 could be wired to sort into pocket 0 those cards with no scores over 090, into pocket 1 those with one score over 090, and so on; logic limited only by the number of relays available. A. Ross Eckler suggests the development of the 101, with functions similar to earlier multicolumn sorters and unit counters developed by the Census Bureau, was "apparently a direct result of the transfer to IBM of Lawrence Wilson who had served as chief of the Census Bureau's Machine Tabulation Division.[2] FunctionsThe following operations may be performed at the rate of 450 cards per minute:
The operation of the 101 is directed by the use of a removable control panel. Related EquipmentIBM Devices often used in conjunction with an IBM 101 included: Capabilities table
IBM 524The IBM 524 is a Duplicating Summary Punch, and two of them can be attached to an IBM 101. Other units
GangpunchThe term gangpunch refers to duplicating the content of a punched card onto one or more of those that follow[10] - to copy information from a master card into the following detail cards.[11] References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/punchedCard/Training/Card_Equipment_Summary_Aug57.pdf|title=IBM Card Card Equipment Summary (1957)}} 2. ^Eckler, A. Ross (1972) The Bureau of the Census, Praeger, pp114-115 3. ^IBM 524 Duplicating Summary Punch 4. ^{{cite book |title=IBM 101 Electronic Statistical Machine - Reference Manual|url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/punchedCard/ElectronicStatisticalMachine/A22-0502-0_101_ElectronicStatisticalMachine.pdf}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/rochester/rochester_4011.html |title=IBM 514}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite book |author=Alan D. Meacham |date=1961 |title=Data Processing Equipment Encyclopedia |publisher=Gille Associates}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/punchedCard/Training/A24-1010-0_IBM_Operators_Reference.pdf |title=IBM Operator's Guide}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/vintage/vintage_4506VV4012.html |title=IBM 523 Gang Summary Punch}} 9. ^dated from 1963 to 1974 {{cite book |title=IBM Sales Manual |publisher=IBM}} 10. ^{{cite web |website=Wordnik.com |title=gangpunch - definition and meaning |url=https://www.wordnik.com/words/gangpunch}} 11. ^{{cite book |title=Computer Security |page=404 |url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1483103013 |isbn=1483103013 |author=John M. Carroll |date=2014}} External links{{Portal|Computer Science}}
| last = IBM | title = IBM Reference Manual: 101 Electronic Statistical Machine | id = A22-0502-0 | year = 1958 | url = http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/punchedCard/ElectronicStatisticalMachine/A22-0502-0_101_ElectronicStatisticalMachine.pdf }} 1 : IBM unit record equipment |
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