| 词条 | Ice pop |
| 释义 |
| name = Ice pop | image = Icepop-green.jpg | image_size = 250px | caption = A green ice pop | alternate_name = chihiro, freeze ice, freezer pop, thrill, ice lollipop, ice lolly, ice pole, ice pop, paleta, picolé, Popsicle, ice block, boli | country = United States | region = California | creator = Frank Epperson | course = | type = Frozen dessert | served = | main_ingredient = Water, flavoring (such as fruit juices) | variations = | calories = 200 | other = }} An ice pop is a water or milk-based quiescently frozen snack on a stick.[1] Unlike ice cream or sorbet, which are whipped while freezing to prevent ice crystal formation, an ice pop is frozen while at rest and becomes a solid block of ice.[2] The stick is used as a handle to hold it. Without a stick, the frozen product is known as something else (e.g. a freezie). Ice pops can also be referred to as a popsicle[3][4] (Canada, U.S., New Zealand), freezer pop (U.S.), ice lolly, ice pop (United Kingdom, India, Ireland, South Africa), ice block (New Zealand, parts of Australia), icy pole (parts of Australia) or ice drop in the Philippines. History"As far back as 1872, two men, doing business as Ross and Robbins, sold a frozen-fruit confection on a stick, which they called the Hokey-Pokey."[5] Francis William "Frank" Epperson (11 August 1894, Willows, California – 22 October 1983, Fremont, California)[6][7][8][9] of Oakland or San Francisco, California, (it is debated where) popularized ice pops after patenting the concept of "frozen ice on a stick" in 1923.[10][11] Epperson claimed to have first created an ice pop in 1905, [5] at the age of 11, when he accidentally left a glass of powdered lemonade soda and water with a mixing stick in it on his porch during a cold night, a story still printed on the back of Popsicle treat boxes. Epperson lived in Oakland and worked as a lemonade salesman.[12] In 1922, Epperson, a realtor with Realty Syndicate Company in Oakland,[13] introduced the Popsicle at a fireman's ball.[14][15][16] It was a sensation, at the age of 29, Epperson applied for a patent in 1923 for a "frozen ice on a stick" called the Epsicle ice pop,[17] and by 1924, he had patented a handled, frozen confection or ice lollipop. He initially called it the Epsicle.[18] Epperson debuted,[19] and began selling Epsicles,[14] in seven fruit flavors[20] at Neptune Beach amusement park, described as a "frozen lollipop," or a "drink on a stick."[21][22] A couple of years later, Epperson sold the rights to the invention and the Popsicle brand to the Joe Lowe Company in New York City.[10][14] TerminologyIn the United States and Canada frozen ice on a stick is generically referred to as a popsicle due to the early popularity of the Popsicle brand, and the word has become a genericized trademark to mean any ice pop or freezer pop, regardless of brand or format.[23][4][24] (The word is a portmanteau of pop and icicle; the word is genericized to such an extent that there are decades-old derived slang meanings such as "popsicle stand".[25]) They are also called an ice pop or freezer pop in the United States. In the Caicos Islands it is referred to as an ice saver. In the United Kingdom and Ireland the terms ice lolly and ice pop are used, though ice pop is much more common in Ireland. Chihiro is used as a slang term in the Cayman Islands, partially derived from chill.[26] Different parts of Australia use either ice block or icy pole,[27] and New Zealand uses ice block. PaletasAfter a trip to the United States in the early 1940s Ignacio Alcázar returned to his home city of Tocumbo, Michoacán, México[28][29] bringing the idea to manufacture ice pops or paletas (little sticks) using locally available fresh fruit. He and some family members expanded by opening a shop in Mexico City which became very popular[28] and he began to franchise Paletería La Michoacana to friends and family from his town. The popularity of Paletas and association with Tocumbo has increased to the status of a national Mexican food.[30] Paleta flavors can be divided into two basic categories: milk based or water based. The composition of each flavor may vary, but the base is most often fruit. Paleterias usually have dozens of flavors of paleta including local flavors like horchata, tamarind, mamey and nanche along with other flavors like strawberry, lime, chocolate and mango. Distinctly Mexican ingredients like chili pepper, chamoy, and vanilla are often present in these paletas. Paleterias adapt their flavors to the tastes of the community and local availability of ingredients. PaleterosA paletero (roughly equivalent to the English "ice cream man"), is a street seller of paletas and other frozen treats, usually from a pushcart labeled with the name of the enterprise that made the paletas (paletería). Today, many paleteros are now commonly found in American cities with significant Mexican populations. Vending requirements for paleteros vary widely by city. In San Jose, California, a permit to sell paletas costs about $154.[31] On average, a paletero makes 40-60 cents from each paleta.[32] Homemade ice popsAn alternative to the store-bought ice pops is making them at home using fruit juice, drinks, or any freezable beverage. A classic method involves using ice cube trays and toothpicks, although various ice pop freezer molds are also available.[33] World record ice popOn June 22, 2005, Snapple tried to beat the existing Guinness World Records entry of a 1997 Dutch {{convert|21|ft|adj=on}} ice pop by attempting to erect a {{convert|25|ft|adj=on}} ice pop in New York City. The {{convert|17.5|short ton}} of frozen juice that had been brought from Edison, New Jersey in a freezer truck melted faster than expected, dashing hopes of a new record. Spectators fled to higher ground as firefighters hosed away the melted juice.[34] See also{{commons category|Ice lollipops}}
Further reading
References1. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/style/la-fo-paletas22aug22-story.html |title=Paletas: Icy, spicy, cool |last=Hallock |first=Betty |date=2007-08-22 |work=Los Angeles Times |access-date=2018-08-26}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hawkeshealth.net/community/showthread.php?t=6565&page=1 |title=Hawkeshealth.net |publisher=Hawkeshealth.net |date= |accessdate=2011-10-06}} 3. ^[https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/words-you-didnt-know-were-still-trademarks/popsicle "8 Common Words That Are Still Trademarked: Popsicle."] at Merriam-Webster.com. Retrieved 10 August 2018. 4. ^1 Mark Abadi. [https://www.businessinsider.com/google-taser-xerox-brand-names-generic-words-2018-5 "Taser, Xerox, Popsicle, and 31 more brands-turned-household names."] Business Insider. 3 June 2018. Retrieved 10 August 2018. 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170511204922/http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/55/1/29 |title=WHO INVENTED THE POPSICLE?|author=Paul Dickson|date=11 May 2017|website=American Academy of Pediatrics|via=archive.org|quote=January 1975, VOLUME 55 ISSUE 1|accessdate=3 November 2018}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.familytreenow.com/records/genealogy/epperson/frank|title=Frank Epperson Family Tree - 100% Free Genealogy & Family History Records|author=|date=|website=www.familytreenow.com|accessdate=3 November 2018}} 7. ^Mae Epperson Obituary - Auburn, CA Auburn Journal 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.californiabirthindex.org/birth/francis_w_epperson_born_1917_392585|title=Francis W Epperson, Born 10/27/1917 in California - CaliforniaBirthIndex.org|author=|date=|website=www.californiabirthindex.org|accessdate=3 November 2018}} 9. ^[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29769269/francis-william-epperson Francis William “Frank” Epperson (1894-1983)] - Find A Grave Memorial 10. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.collectorsweekly.com/articles/the-cold-hard-truth-about-popsicles/ | title=The cold, hard truth about popsicles | website=Collectors Weekly | date=15 August 2012 | author=Ben Marks}} 11. ^{{Cite web|url=http://tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=71181614&caseType=SERIAL_NO&searchType=statusSearch|title=Trademark Status & Document Retrieval|website=tsdr.uspto.gov|language=en|access-date=2018-06-27}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ozy.com/flashback/the-frozen-mistake-that-made-a-fortune/79667|title=The Frozen Mistake That Made a Fortune|first=Laura|last=Elizabeth|date=|website=ozy.com|accessdate=3 November 2018}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/8824952/oakland_tribune_november_12_1922/|title=Oakland Tribune, November 12, 1922 - Frank Epperson, realtor|author=|date=|website=newspapers.com|accessdate=3 November 2018}} 14. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/10/27/obituaries/frank-epperson-89-inventor-of-popsicle-dies-in-california.html|title=Frank Epperson, 89, Inventor Of Popsicle, Dies in California|last=AP|date=|website=nytimes.com|accessdate=3 November 2018}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/burlington-daily-times-news-oct-25-1983-p-5/|title=Burlington Daily Times News Archives, Oct 25, 1983, p. 5|author=|date=25 October 1983|website=newspaperarchive.com|accessdate=3 November 2018}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.buffalospree.com/Buffalo-Spree/August-2012/What-We-Want-Artisan-pops/|title=What We Want: Artisan pops|author=|date=|website=buffalospree.com|accessdate=3 November 2018}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.seecalifornia.com/dining/popsicle.html|title=Popsicle Invention in Oakland California|author=|date=|website=www.seecalifornia.com|accessdate=3 November 2018}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.popsicle.com/article/detail/107646/the-popsicle-story-popsicle-ice-pops|title=The popsicle story|accessdate=23 June 2014}} 19. ^Proposed Names to be Added to Citywide List of Street and Facility Names (HAB June 5, 2014) 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/popsicle.htm|title=Popsicle History - Invention of the Popsicle|first=Phil|last=Ament|date=|website=www.ideafinder.com|accessdate=3 November 2018}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.downtownexpress.com/2017/07/19/the-first-cold-war-popsicle-vs-good-humor/|title=The first Cold War: Popsicle vs. Good Humor - DOWNTOWN EXPRESS|author=|date=|website=www.downtownexpress.com|accessdate=3 November 2018}} 22. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CecCHiI95dYC&pg=PA137&lpg=PA137&dq=Epperson|title=The 1920's|first1=Kathleen Morgan|last1=Drowne|first2=Patrick|last2=Huber|first3=Associate Professor of History Patrick Huber|last3=Dr|date=3 November 2018|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|accessdate=3 November 2018|via=Google Books|isbn=9780313320132}} 23. ^[https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/words-you-didnt-know-were-still-trademarks/popsicle "8 Common Words That Are Still Trademarked: Popsicle."] at Merriam-Webster.com. Retrieved 10 August 2018. "It might be surprising, but Popsicle is trademarked..." 24. ^Martha Cooper and William L. Nothstine. Power Persuasion: Moving an Ancient Art Into the Media Age. Educational Video Group, 1992. {{ISBN|9780961648930}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=mkEqAQAAMAAJ&dq=popsicle&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=popsicle p. 159]: "...what would we call those sweet icy treats on a stick if we did not have the name 'Popsicle'?" 25. ^Jonathon Green. Cassell's Dictionary of Slang. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc., 2005. {{ISBN|9780304366361}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=5GpLcC4a5fAC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA1123#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 1123]. 26. ^{{cite book|last1=Miller|first1=Grace|title=Cayman Culture|date=2008|publisher=Penguin Books|location=London|page=142}} 27. ^{{cite web|title=Ice block |website=Encarta Dictionary |publisher=MSN Encarta |url=http://au.encarta.msn.com/dictionary_1481582029/ice_block.html |accessdate=2008-12-30 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5kwrBydAk?url=http://au.encarta.msn.com/dictionary_1481582029/ice_block.html |archivedate=2009-11-01 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 28. ^1 {{Cite news |url=https://www.austinchronicle.com/food/2003-09-12/177155/ |title=The Michoacana Connection |last=Alarcón |first=Claudia |date=2003-09-12 |work=The Austin Chronicle |access-date=2018-08-26 |language=en-US}} 29. ^{{Cite news |last=Graber |first=Karen Hursh |title=Mexican frozen treats: Helados, nieves and paletas : Mexico Cuisine |url=http://www.mexconnect.com/articles/3476-mexican-frozen-treats-helados-nieves-and-paletas |journal=Mexconnect |language=en |access-date=2018-08-26}} 30. ^{{Cite web |url=http://mexicocooks.typepad.com/mexico_cooks/2013/04/paletas-la-michoacana-big-business-sweet-and-icy-in-tocumbo.html |title=Paletas La Michoacana: Big Business, Sweet and Icy in Tocumbo |last=Potter |first=Cristina |date=2013-04-20 |website=Mexico Cooks! |access-date=2018-08-26}} 31. ^{{Cite book |url=http://www3.sanjoseca.gov/clerk/StreetVendors.pdf%20StreetVendors.pdf |title=REGULATIONS FOR APPROVED LOCATION PEDDLERS IN THE DOWNTOWN STREET VENDORS PROGRAM AREA |publisher=City of San Jose |location=San Jose, CA USA}} 32. ^{{Cite news |url=http://articles.latimes.com/1988-05-29/local/me-5356_1_san-fernando-street |title=San Fernando's Paleteros Reap Sweet Profits but Risk Arrest |last=Puig |first=Claudia |date=1988-05-29 |work=Los Angeles Times |access-date=2018-08-26 |language=en-US }} 33. ^{{cite news |author=Erin | title = DIY: Toothpick Popsicles with Fruit! | date = 2012-06-30 | url = http://allthelittlelights.com/diy-toothpick-popsicles-with-fruit/ | accessdate = 2018-06-29 }} 34. ^{{cite news |author=Associated Press | title = Disaster on a stick: Snapple’s attempt at popsicle world record turns into gooey fiasco | publisher = MSNBC | date = 2005-06-22 | url = http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/8321110/ | accessdate = 2007-06-29 }} External links
6 : Snack foods|Skewered foods|California culture|Cuisine of the Western United States|Food and drink in the San Francisco Bay Area|Ice-based desserts |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。