词条 | Ichthyophis glutinosus |
释义 |
| name = Ceylon caecilian | image =CaecilianNHM.png | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref=[1] | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Chordata | classis = Amphibia | ordo = Gymnophiona | familia = Ichthyophiidae | genus = Ichthyophis | species = I. glutinosus | binomial = Ichthyophis glutinosus | binomial_authority = (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonyms = | range_map = Ichthyophis glutinosus area.png | range_map_caption = Ichthyophis glutinosus range}} The Ceylon caecilian or common yellow-banded caecilian, Ichthyophis glutinosus (sometimes mistakenly spelled Ichthyophis gluinosus) is a species of caecilian in the family Ichthyophiidae endemic to Sri Lanka.[2] Its natural habitats are moist tropical and subtropical forests and pastures. DescriptionThe Ceylon caecilian grows to about {{convert|23|to|40|cm|abbr=on}} long and resembles a large earthworm. The skin is formed into over 300 transverse folds which give the caecilian the appearance of being segmented. The head has a rounded snout and a pair of extensible tentacles near the mouth, rather closer to the eyes than to the nostrils. The colour of this caecilian is steely blue above and pale yellow underneath, with a yellow band running along either side of the body.[3] Distribution and habitatThe Ceylon caecilian is endemic to southwestern and central Sri Lanka. It has also been reported to occur in northeastern India, but more likely this sighting referred to a different species. It lives in underground burrows in damp earth or leaf litter in subtropical or tropical moist lowland and montane forests, subtropical or tropical swamps, cleared forested areas, and pasturelands at elevations of up to {{convert|1355|m|abbr=on}} above sea level.[4] BiologyThe Ceylon caecilian feeds on earthworms and other small invertebrates. When it has captured an earthworm, it reverses into its burrow, sometimes twisting its head around or twirling its whole body to subdue its prey.[3] Reproduction takes place in underground chambers or other hidden places, where the female lays strings of about 30 white, jelly-coated eggs. She then coils her body around the eggs and broods them until they hatch into larvae about {{convert|7|to|11|cm|abbr=on}} long.[3] The larvae move out of the burrow and wriggle to pools or water courses that form in the wet season. They have three pairs of external feathery gills, a lateral line system, and a tail fin which enables them to swim.[7] The gills persist, but they have lost their lateral lines by the time they undergo a relatively slow metamorphosis at about nine months old.[5] StatusThe Ceylon caecilian is listed as being of "least concern" by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.[1] This is because, although its range is probably less than {{convert|20000|km2}}, it is locally common in the areas in which it lives and does not seem to have any significant threats. It is a very adaptable animal and can cope with changes in its habitat. Large areas of its range are found in well-protected national parks, including the Sinharaja World Heritage Site, the Knuckles Range Forest Reserve, the Dellawa Forest Reserve and the Udawatta Kele Sanctuary.[4] References1. ^1 {{IUCN2012.1|assessor=K. Manamendra-Arachchi|assessor2=A. de Silva|assessor3=D. Gower|assessor4=M. Wilkinson|assessor5=O. V. Oommen|year=2008|id=59618|title=Ichthyophis glutinosus|downloaded=2012-09-13}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q1058039}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Ichthyophis Glutinosus}}2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.arkive.org/common-yellow-banded-caecilian/ichthyophis-glutinosus/ |title=Common yellow-banded caecilian (Ichthyophis glutinosus) |publisher=ARKive |accessdate=2012-09-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102034404/http://www.arkive.org/common-yellow-banded-caecilian/ichthyophis-glutinosus/ |archive-date=2012-11-02 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://animals.jrank.org/pages/328/Asian-Tailed-Caecilians-Ichthyophiidae-CEYLON-CAECILIAN-Ichthyophis-glutinosus-SPECIES-ACCOUNT.html |title=Asian Tailed Caecilians: Ichthyophiidae - Ceylon Caecilian (Ichthyophis glutinosus): Species account |accessdate=2012-09-04}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/59618/0 |title=Ichthyophis glutinosus |author1=Manamendra-Arachchi, K. |author2=de Silva, A. |author3=Gower, D. |author4=Wilkinson, M. |author5=Oommen, O. V. |year=2004 |work=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.1 |accessdate=2012-09-04}} 5. ^1 {{cite journal |author1=Dunker, Nicole |author2=Wake, Marvalee H. |author3=Olson, Wendy M. |year=2000 |title=Embryonic and Larval Development in the Caecilian Ichthyophis kohtaoensis (Amphibia, Gymnophiona): A Staging Table |journal=Journal of Morphology |volume=243 |pages=3–34 |url=http://ib.berkeley.edu/labs/mwake/papers/156.pdf |doi=10.1002/(sici)1097-4687(200001)243:1<3::aid-jmor2>3.3.co;2-4}} 5 : Ichthyophis|Amphibians described in 1758|Amphibians of Sri Lanka|Endemic fauna of Sri Lanka|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
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