| 词条 | Il combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda |
| 释义 |
| name = Il combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda | type = Operatic scena | composer = {{nowrap|Claudio Monteverdi}} | image = Tancredi.jpg | alt = | caption = Printed part | catalogue = SV 153 | librettist = | language = Italian | based_on = {{based on|La Gerusalemme Liberata|Torquato Tasso}} | performed = 1624 | published = 1638 | scoring = {{hlist | three voices | divided strings | continuo }} }} Il combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda (SV 153) is an operatic scena for three voices by Claudio Monteverdi, although many dispute how the piece should be classified. The piece has a libretto drawn from Torquato Tasso's La Gerusalemme Liberata ("Jerusalem Delivered", Canto XII, 52–62, 64–68), a Romance set against the backdrop of the First Crusade, when Godfrey of Bouillon conquered Jerusalem. Il Combattimento was first produced in 1624 but not printed until 1638, when it appeared with several other pieces in Monteverdi’s eighth book of madrigals (written over a period of many years). In Il Combattimento the orchestra and voices form two separate entities. The strings are divided into four independent parts instead of the usual five – an innovation that was not generally adopted by European composers until the 18th century.{{Citation Needed|date=March 2019}} Il combattimento contains one of the earliest known uses of pizzicato in baroque music, in which the players are instructed to set down their bows and use two fingers of their right hand to pluck the strings. It also contains one of the earliest uses of the string tremolo, in which a particular note is reiterated as a means of generating excitement{{explain|date=March 2019}}. This latter device was so revolutionary that Monteverdi had considerable difficulty getting the players of his day to perform it correctly. These innovations, like the fourfold division of the strings, were not taken up by Monteverdi’s contemporaries or immediate successors. Media{{listen|filename=Monteverdi_-_Combattimento_-_Battle_music.ogg|title=Excerpt from the Combattimento (Battle music)|description=Live recording|format=Ogg}}References
5 : Compositions by Claudio Monteverdi|Operas based on works by Torquato Tasso|1624 works|1624 operas|Cultural depictions of Godfrey of Bouillon |
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