| 词条 | Ileocecal valve | ||||
| 释义 |
| Name = Ileocecal valve | Latin = Valva ileocaecalis or papilla ilealis | Image = Gray1075.png | Caption = Interior of the cecum and lower end of ascending colon with the ileocecal valve labeled as "colic valve" | Image2 = Ileocecal valve.jpg | Caption2 = Endoscopic image of cecum with arrow pointing to ileocecal valve in foreground | Precursor = | System = Digestive system | Location = Junction between ilium and cecum | Function = Muscular sphincter | Artery = Ileocolic artery | Vein = Ileocolic vein | Nerve = | Lymph = }} The ileocecal valve (ileal papilla, ileocaecal valve, Tulp's valve, Tulpius valve, Bauhin's valve, ileocecal eminence, valve of Varolius or colic valve) is a sphincter muscle valve that separates the small intestine and the large intestine.[1] Its critical function is to limit the reflux of colonic contents into the ileum.[2] Approximately two liters of fluid enters the colon daily through the ileocecal valve. The ileocecal valve is distinctive because it is the only site in the gastrointestinal tract that is used for vitamin B12 and bile acid absorption.[3][4] MicroanatomyThe histology of the ileocecal valve shows an abrupt change from a villous mucosa pattern of the ileum to a more colonic mucosa. A thickening of the muscularis mucosa{{Citation needed|date=May 2011}}, which is the smooth muscle tissue found beneath the mucosal layer of the digestive tract. A thickening of the muscularis externa is also noted.[1] There is also a variable amount of lymphatic tissue found at the valve.[5] The ileocecal valve has a papillose structure. Clinical significanceDuring colonoscopy, the ileocecal valve is used, along with the appendiceal orifice, in the identification of the cecum. This is important as it indicates that a complete colonoscopy has been performed. The ileocecal valve is typically located on the last fold before entry into the cecum, and can be located from the direction of curvature of the appendiceal orifice, in what is known as the bow and arrow sign.[6] Intubation of the ileocecal valve is typically performed in colonoscopy to evaluate the distal, or lowest part of the ileum. Small bowel endoscopy can also be performed by double-balloon enteroscopy through intubation of the ileocecal valve.[7] Tumors of the ileocecal valve are rare, but have been reported in the literature.[8][9]HistoryIt was described by the Dutch physician Nicolaes Tulp (1593–1674), and thus it is sometimes known as Tulp's valve. The valve was also described in 1588 by Gaspard Bauhin—hence the name Bauhin's Valve or Valve of Bauhin—in the preface of his first writing, [https://play.google.com/books/reader?printsec=frontcover&output=reader&id=iVhWAAAAcAAJ&pg=GBS.PP14 De corporis humani partibus externis tractatus, hactenus non editus.] Additional imagesReferences1. ^1 {{cite journal | last1 = Pollard | first1 = MF | last2 = Thompson-Fawcett | first2 = MW | last3 = Stringer | first3 = MD | title = The human ileocaecal junction: anatomical evidence of a sphincter | journal = Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy | volume = 34 | issue = 1 | pages = 21–9 | year = 2012 | pmid = 21863224 | doi = 10.1007/s00276-011-0865-z }} 2. ^Barret KE. "Lange Gastrointestinal Physiology". The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2006. 3. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Fornaro | first1 = R. | last2 = Belcastro | first2 = E. | last3 = Lo Presti | first3 = G. | last4 = Carissimi | first4 = T. | last5 = Ferraris | first5 = R. | title = The ileocecal valve as a prognostic factor in extensive resection of the small intestine | journal = Chirurgia italiana | volume = 43 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 49–54 | year = 1991 | pmid = 1769094}} 4. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Steiner | first1 = M. S. | last2 = Morton | first2 = R. A. | title = Nutritional and gastrointestinal complications of the use of bowel segments in the lower urinary tract | journal = The Urologic clinics of North America | volume = 18 | issue = 4 | pages = 743–754 | year = 1991 | pmid = 1949406}} 5. ^Burkitt HG, Young B, Heath JW. Wheater's Functional Histology: a text and colour atlas. Churchill Livingstone, London, 1993. 6. ^Cotton PB, Williams CB. Practical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Blackwell Publishers, London, 1996 7. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Ross | first1 = AS | last2 = Waxman | first2 = I | last3 = Semrad | first3 = C | last4 = Dye | first4 = C | title = Balloon-assisted intubation of the ileocecal valve to facilitate retrograde double-balloon enteroscopy | journal = Gastrointestinal Endoscopy | volume = 62 | issue = 6 | pages = 987–8 | year = 2005 | pmid = 16301054 | doi = 10.1016/j.gie.2005.09.002 }} 8. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Yörük | first1 = G | last2 = Aksöz | first2 = K | last3 = Buyraç | first3 = Z | last4 = Unsal | first4 = B | last5 = Nazli | first5 = O | last6 = Ekinci | first6 = N | title = Adenocarcinoma of the ileocecal valve: report of a case | journal = The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 268–9 | year = 2004 | pmid = 16249985 }} 9. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Song | first1 = HJ | last2 = Ko | first2 = BM | last3 = Cheon | first3 = YK | last4 = Ryu | first4 = CB | last5 = Lee | first5 = JS | last6 = Lee | first6 = MS | last7 = Shim | first7 = CS | title = Isolated ileocecal lymphoma | journal = Gastrointestinal Endoscopy | volume = 61 | issue = 2 | pages = 293–4 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15729248 | doi = 10.1016/S0016-5107(04)02548-9 }} External links
1 : Digestive system |
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