“Illegal stamps”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Illegal stamps

释义

Identifying illegal stamps
Consequences of illegal postage issues
See also
References
Further reading
External links

Illegal stamps are postage stamp-like labels issued in the names of existing independent countries or territories used to defraud postal administrations, stamp collectors, and the general public. Often, but not always, a member nation of the Universal Postal Union (UPU) will have asked the UPU to issue of an "International Bureau Circular" advising others of the illegal stamps. According to the UPU, the market is estimated to be at least $500 million per year.{{citation needed|date=October 2011}}

Illegal stamps are to be distinguished from the many varieties of cinderella stamps which may have some of the same characteristics as illegal stamps but which are not usually issued in the name of an existing country.

Identifying illegal stamps

There is no definitive method to identifying illegal stamp issues.

Many illegal stamps are issued in the names of countries or territories from Africa or the former Soviet Union, or smaller island nations from around the world. Older illegal issues (from the 1970s) were often in the names of Arab states.
Most illegal stamps are not listed in the major stamp catalogues, though some may have been included in error or because their status is unclear or because the criteria for entry differ from those used by the UPU to recognise valid stamp issues.
The WADP Numbering System (WNS), developed by the World Association for the Development of Philately and the UPU, catalogues stamps issued by UPU member nations since 2002. Not all UPU members participate.

Consequences of illegal postage issues

Illegal stamps are said to result in adverse consequences for several different parties. Postal administrations lose revenue to illegal issues and stamp collectors may lose money by mistakenly buying illegal stamps that have little or no monetary value. In addition, inexperienced or non-philatelists have been tricked into buying illegal stamps that are worthless memorabilia for their favorite hobby or interests. Additionally, legitimate stamp dealers may see their market, and the reputation of their industry, eroded by the illegal issues market. Finally, artists and photographers do not receive royalties from artistic work that is used on illegally printed issues.

References

1. ^{{cite web|last1=Murphy|first1=Niall|title=PMR Catalogue of USSR Overprints - The "Sun Rays" Group|url=http://www.pmrstamps.org/pmr_catalogue_bogus_ussr_sunrays.htm|website=PMRstamps.org|accessdate=26 October 2014}}
2. ^{{cite web|last1=Murphy|first1=Niall|title=PMR Catalogue of USSR Overprints - The "Sun Face" Group|url=http://www.pmrstamps.org/pmr_catalogue_bogus_ussr_sunface.htm|website=PMRstamps.org|accessdate=26 October 2014}}

External links

[https://web.archive.org/web/20060816024815/http://www.askphil.org/d000.htm AskPhil.org] List of UPU illegal stamp alerts
AskPhil.org List of issues believed by collectors to be Illegal
AskPhil labels of Topics/Thematics listed as bogus, unauthorized, not valid for postal use
UPU illegal stamp circulars link page
UPU 1996-2003 circulars in pdf
http://www.pwmo.org/Illegals/18-UPU-Interview-EN.htm An interview with the Program Manager "Philately and IRC" at the International Bureau of the UPU

2 : Universal Postal Union|Philatelic terminology

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

Identifying illegal stamps

Consequences of illegal postage issues

See also

References

Further reading

External links