| 词条 | Ilya Lifshitz |
| 释义 |
| name = Ilya Mikhailovich Lifshitz | image = Ilya Lifshitz.jpg | image_size = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date|1917|1|13}} | birth_place = Kharkiv, Kharkov Governorate, Russian Empire | death_date = {{death date and age|1982|10|23|1917|1|13}} | death_place = Moscow, Russian SFSR, USSR | nationality = | fields = Physics | workplaces = Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology Institute for Physical Problems | alma_mater = University of Kharkiv, Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute | doctoral_advisor = Lev Landau | doctoral_students = Arnold Kosevich | known_for = Lifshitz tails Lifshitz exponent Lifshitz–Kosevich formula Self-averaging spectral shift function supersolidity | awards = Lenin prize }}Ilya Mikhailovich Lifshitz ({{lang-ru|Илья́ Миха́йлович Ли́фшиц}}; January 13, 1917 – October 23, 1982) was a leading Soviet theoretical physicist, brother of Evgeny Lifshitz. He is known for his works in solid state physics, electron theory of metals, disordered systems, and the theory of polymers.[1][2] WorkTogether with Arnold M. Kosevich, Lifshitz established (1954) connection between the oscillation of magnetic characteristics of metals and the form of an electronic surface of Fermi (Lifshitz–Kosevich formula) from de Haas–van Alphen experiments. Lifshitz was one of the founders of the theory of disordered systems.[3] He introduced some of the basic notions, such as self-averaging, and discovered what is now called Lifshitz tails and Lifshitz singularity. In perturbation theory, Lifshitz introduced[4] the notion of spectral shift function, which was later developed by Mark Krein. References1. ^{{cite journal|last=Odijk|first=T.|title=Ilya M. Lifshitz. An appreciation|journal=Physics Reports|year=1997|volume=288|pages=9|doi=10.1016/S0370-1573(97)00019-7|bibcode = 1997PhR...288....9O }} 2. ^{{cite book|last=Grosberg|first=A. Yu.|last2=Khokhlov|first2=A. R.|title=Statistical Physics of Macromolecules|year=1994|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-56396-071-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HlTi_3Jy8WgC&printsec=frontcover}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last=Gredeskul|first=S.A.|last2=Pastur|first2=L.A.|title=Works of I. M. Lifshitz on disordered systems|journal=J. Stat. Phys.|year=1985|volume=38|issue=1/2|pages=25–36|doi=10.1007/BF01017846|bibcode = 1985JSP....38...25G }} 4. ^{{cite journal|last=Lifshitz|first=I.M.|title=On a problem of the theory of perturbations connected with quantum statistics|journal=Uspekhi Mat. Nauk|year=1952|volume=7|issue=1 (47)|pages=171–180}} External links
16 : 1917 births|1982 deaths|People from Kharkiv|People from Kharkov Governorate|Ukrainian Jews|Jewish physicists|Russian physicists|Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences|Soviet Jews|Soviet physicists|20th-century physicists|Theoretical physicists|University of Kharkiv alumni|Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute alumni|University of Kharkiv faculty|Burials in Troyekurovskoye Cemetery |
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