| 词条 | Immaculate Conception Cathedral, Nagasaki |
| 释义 |
| name =Immaculate Conception Cathedral (無原罪の聖母司教座聖堂) | fullname = St. Mary's Cathedral | image = 浦上天主堂 - panoramio.jpg | img size = 275 | caption = Urakami Cathedral | location = 1-79 Motoomachi, Nagasaki | country = {{JPN}} | coordinates = {{coord|32.7761944444|N|129.868388889|E|source:dewiki_region:JP-42_type:landmark|format=dms|display=title,inline}} | denomination = Catholic | previous denomination= | churchmanship = | membership = | attendance = Sat:7:00pm Sun:6:00am,7:30am,9:30am | website = Urakami Cathedral | former name = | bull date = | founded date = {{start date|1877}} | founder = | dedication = | dedicated date = | consecrated date = | cult = | relics = | events = | past bishop = | people = | status = Cathedral | functional status = | heritage designation = | designated date = | architect = | architectural type = | style = | groundbreaking = | completed date = 1925, 1959 | construction cost = | closed date = | demolished date = 1945 | capacity = | length = | width = | width nave = | height = | diameter = | other dimensions = | floor count = | floor area = | dome quantity = | dome height outer = | dome height inner = | dome dia outer = | dome dia inner = | spire quantity = | spire height = | materials = | parish = | deanery = | archdeaconry = | diocese = | province = | presbytery = | synod = | circuit = | district = | division = | subdivision = | archbishop = | bishop = | dean = | subdean = | provost = | provost-rector = | viceprovost = | canon = | canonpastor = | precentor = | archdeacon = | prebendary = | rector = | vicar = | curate = | priest = | asstpriest = | minister = | assistant = | honpriest = | deacon = | deaconness = | seniorpastor = | pastor = | abbot = | chaplain = | reader = | organistdom = | director = | organist = | organscholar = | chapterclerk = | laychapter = | warden = | flowerguild = | musicgroup = | parishadmin = | serversguild = | logo = | logosize = }} The Immaculate Conception Cathedral[1] (無原罪の聖母司教座聖堂) also St. Mary's Cathedral,[2][3] often known as Urakami Cathedral ({{lang-ja|浦上天主堂|translit=Urakami Tenshudō}}) after its location Urakami, is a Roman Catholic cathedral located in Motoomachi, Nagasaki, Japan. HistoryIn 1865, the French priest Bernard Petitjean discovered that almost all the Urakami villagers were Christian. Between 1869 and 1873, over 3,600 villagers were banished. During their exile, 650 died. The persecuted Kakure Kirishitan (Hidden Christians) came back to their home village after 7 years exile in 1873, and decided to construct their own church. Construction of the original Urakami Cathedral, a brick Neo-Romanesque building, began in 1895, after a long-standing ban on Christianity was lifted. They purchased the land of the village chief where the humiliating interrogations had taken place for two centuries. The annual "fumi-e" interrogations required those present to tread upon an icon of the Virgin Mary or Jesus. They thought the place was appropriate considering their memory of the long persecution. Construction of the building was started by Father Francine and was completed under the direction of Father Regani. The frontal twin spires stood 64 meters high were constructed in 1875. When completed in 1925 (Taishō 14), until its destruction in 1945, it was the largest Christian structure in the Asia-Pacific region.[4] The atomic bomb that fell on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945 detonated in Urakami only 500 m (1640 ft) from the cathedral, completely destroying it. As the Feast of the Assumption of Mary (August 15) was near, Mass was held on the day and was well attended. The resultant collapse and heat-wave cindered and buried all those present in the Cathedral.[5] The destruction of the cathedral hit the religious community of Nagasaki the hardest, as they viewed it as a loss of spirituality. It had such an impact, that noted playwright Tanaka Chikao wrote his most successful play, Head of Mary, about the efforts of Christians in Nagasaki to reconstitute their faith by rebuilding the Virgin Mary.{{Citation needed|date=December 2016}} A replacement was built in 1959, after a serious debate between the city government and the congregation. The city government suggested preserving the destroyed cathedral as a heritage site, and offered an alternate site for a new church. However, Christians in Nagasaki strongly wanted to rebuild their cathedral on the original site, as a symbol of their persecution and suffering. In 1980 it was remodeled to more closely resemble the original French style. Statues and artifacts damaged in the bombing, including a French Angelus bell, are now displayed on the grounds. The nearby Peace Park contains remnants of the original cathedral's walls. What remained of the cathedral is now on display in the Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum.{{clear left}} See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.gcatholic.org/churches/asia/2479.htm|title=Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception (Urakami Church), 長崎 (Nagasaki), 長崎県 (Nagasaki), Japan|website=www.gcatholic.org|access-date=2017-01-31}} 2. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C4FPCwAAQBAJ|title=Papal Apology|last=Lisiero|first=Dario|date=2015-11-08|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=9781329668065|language=en}} 3. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KtcKouXO5fMC|title=Nagasaki: The Massacre of the Innocent and the Unknowing|last=Collie|first=Craig|date=2011-08-04|publisher=Granta Publications|isbn=9781846274435|language=en}} 4. ^{{cite news|author1=ERASMUS|title=The slow acceptance that destroying cultural heritage is a war crime|url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/erasmus/2016/09/cultural-patrimony-and-laws-war|accessdate=2 October 2016|work=The Economist|date=29 Sep 2016}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=Proceedings of the Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs.|isbn=9789810231798|page=199|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=i6ckAQAAIAAJ&q|language=en}} External links
16 : Roman Catholic churches completed in 1925|19th-century Roman Catholic church buildings|Religious organizations established in 1914|1945 disestablishments in Japan|Buildings and structures in Nagasaki|Roman Catholic churches completed in 1959|Former cathedrals|Roman Catholic cathedrals in Japan|Catholic congregations established in the 20th century|Monuments associated with the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki|Buildings of the Meiji period|Former places of worship in Japan|Places of worship in Nagasaki Prefecture|Buildings and structures in Japan destroyed during World War II|Rebuilt buildings and structures in Japan|Destroyed churches |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。