| 词条 | Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus |
| 释义 |
| image = Inge quadri 100622-4571 mms.jpg | image_caption = Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus from West Kalimantan, Indonesia | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | taxon = Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus | authority = (Boulenger, 1887) | synonyms = Bufo quadriporcatus Boulenger, 1887 }}Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae.[2][2] Its common names are long-glanded toad,[4] four-ridged toad and greater Malacca toad. It is found in Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo (Sabah, Brunei, Sarawak, and Kalimantan), Sumatra, and the Natuna Islands.[3] Its natural habitats are swamp forests, but it has also been found on rubber plantations. It breeds in standing water.[1] DescriptionMale Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus grow to a snout–vent length of about {{convert|48|mm|abbr=on}} and females to {{convert|53|-|63|mm|abbr=on}}. They have a distinct tympanum. The dorsum is dark or light brown above and on sides, usually uniform in colour, and without distinct markings. Ventral colour is yellowish brown, possibly with dark spots. Skin on top of head and body is covered with many conical spines.[4] ConservationIngerophrynus quadriporcatus may be common in suitable swampy habitats, but it is not abundant. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by expanding oil palm plantations, infrastructure development, and logging.[1]References1. ^1 2 {{Cite journal | author = Inger, R. | author2 = Iskandar, D. | author3 = van Dijk, P.P. | author4 = Tzi Ming, L. | author5 = Das, I. | last-author-amp = yes | title = Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2004 | page = e.T54741A11197652 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2004 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/54741/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T54741A11197652.en | access-date = 6 January 2018}} {{Commons category}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q2249078}}2. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Frost | first1 = D. R. | last2 = Grant | first2 = T. | last3 = Faivovich | first3 = J. N. | last4 = Bain | first4 = R. H. | last5 = Haas | first5 = A. | last6 = Haddad | first6 = C. L. F. B. | last7 = De Sá | first7 = R. O. | last8 = Channing | first8 = A. | last9 = Wilkinson | first9 = M. | last10 = Donnellan | first10 = S. C. | last11 = Raxworthy | first11 = C. J. | last12 = Campbell | first12 = J. A. | last13 = Blotto | first13 = B. L. | last14 = Moler | first14 = P. | last15 = Drewes | first15 = R. C. | last16 = Nussbaum | first16 = R. A. | last17 = Lynch | first17 = J. D. | last18 = Green | first18 = D. M. | last19 = Wheeler | first19 = W. C. | title = The Amphibian Tree of Life | journal = Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History | volume = 297 | pages = 1–291| year = 2006 | doi = 10.1206/0003-0090(2006)297[0001:TATOL]2.0.CO;2 | pmid = | pmc = | hdl = 2246/5781}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Bufonidae/Ingerophrynus/Ingerophrynus-quadriporcatus |title=Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus (Boulenger, 1887) |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2014 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |accessdate=15 November 2014}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.amphibia.my/page.php?pageid=s_foundk&s_id=13&search1=Ingerophrynus%20quadriporcatus&species=Ingerophrynus%20quadriporcatus&submit=Search!# |title=Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus |work=Amphibians and Reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia |accessdate=15 November 2014}} 9 : Ingerophrynus|Fauna of Brunei|Amphibians of Indonesia|Amphibians of Malaysia|Amphibians of Singapore|Fauna of Borneo|Fauna of Sumatra|Amphibians described in 1887|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
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