| 词条 | In re Winship |
| 释义 |
|Litigants=In re Winship |ArgueDate=January 20 |ArgueYear=1970 |DecideDate=March 31 |DecideYear=1970 |FullName=In the Matter of Samuel Winship, Appellant |USVol=397 |USPage=358 |ParallelCitations=90 S. Ct. 1068; 25 L. Ed. 2d 368; 51 O.O.2d 323; 1970 U.S. LEXIS 56 |Prior=91 N.Y.S.2d 1005 (App. Div. 1968), aff'd, 247 N.E.2d 253 (N.Y. 1969). |Subsequent= |Holding=The Constitution's Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Clause requires that every element of a criminal offense be proven beyond a reasonable doubt, instead of the preponderance of the evidence standard used heretofore in juvenile court. |SCOTUS=1969c |Majority=Brennan |JoinMajority=Douglas, Harlan, White, Marshall |Concurrence=Harlan |Dissent=Burger |JoinDissent=Stewart |Dissent2=Black |LawsApplied=U.S. Const. amend. XIV }}{{wikisource}} In re Winship, 397 U.S. 358 (1970), was a United States Supreme Court decision that held that "the Due Process clause protects the accused against conviction except upon proof beyond a reasonable doubt of every fact necessary to constitute the crime charged."[1]{{rp|17}} It established this burden in all cases in all states (constitutional case).[1]{{rp|17}} The decision did not specify which facts constitute the charged crime.[1]{{rp|17}} When a juvenile is charged with an act that would be a crime if committed by an adult, every element of the offense must be proved beyond reasonable doubt, not preponderance of the evidence.[2] The case has come to stand for a broader proposition, however: in a criminal prosecution, every essential element of the offense must be proved beyond reasonable doubt. See, e.g., Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466, 477 (2000); Sullivan v. Louisiana, 508 U.S. 275, 278 (1993).[3] See also
References1. ^1 2 Criminal Law - Cases and Materials, 7th ed. 2012, Wolters Kluwer Law & Business; John Kaplan, Robert Weisberg, Guyora Binder, {{ISBN|978-1-4548-0698-1}}, [https://law.stanford.edu/publications/criminal-law-cases-and-materials-7th-edition/] 2. ^Varat, J.D. et al. Constitutional Law Cases and Materials, Concise Thirteenth Edition. Foundation Press, New York, NY: 2009, p. 356 3. ^Varat, p. 357 External links
| case = In re Winship, {{ussc|397|358|1970|el=no}} | courtlistener =https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/108111/in-re-winship/ | googlescholar = https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=14966781063535213924 | justia =https://supreme.justia.com/us/397/358/case.html | loc =http://cdn.loc.gov/service/ll/usrep/usrep397/usrep397358/usrep397358.pdf{{Criminal due process|doubt|state=expanded}}{{DEFAULTSORT:In Re Winship}}{{SCOTUS-case-stub}} 6 : United States Supreme Court cases|United States Supreme Court cases of the Burger Court|United States criminal burden of proof case law|United States children's rights case law|Juvenile case law|1970 in United States case law |
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