| 词条 | Insight phenomenology |
| 释义 |
}}Insight is a sudden understanding of a problem or a strategy that aids in solving a problem. Usually, this involves conceptualizing the problem in a completely new way. Although insights may appear to be sudden, they are actually the result of prior thought and effort. While insight can be involved in solving well-structured problems, it is more often associated with ill-structured problems.[1] Viewpoints
When people solve, or attempt to solve an insight puzzle, they experience a common phenomenology, that is, a set of behavioural properties that accompany problem-solving activity (for a useful edited review of insight problems and their phenomenology, see Sternberg & Davidson, 1995). Other kinds of puzzle, such as the Tower of Hanoi, an example of a transformation problem, tend not to yield these phenomena. The phenomena may include:
Insight cultivatorsMax van Mannen proposed the so-called insight cultivators to obtain thematic insights when studying a phenomenon or phenomenological topic or event.[6] This framework holds that insights can be obtained from philosophic, humanities, and human sciences sources. The idea is that the works of artists, scholars, and philosophers help us gain understanding about our own lived experiences.[6] There is the view that this process can yield phenomenological anecdotes that can trigger an understanding that is beyond or more effective than what we could grasp intellectually because of the creative insights and understanding of a phenomenon.[7]Insight cultivators can also lead to innovative or unique insights because they allow an evaluation of previous literature and experiences that reveal what has worked, what needs improvement, or what is wrong. The insights gleaned can allow us to identify a new way of looking at a phenomenon. See also
References1. ^Sternberg, R.J. (2009). Cognitive Psychology. Belmont, CA, Wadsworth Cengage Learning. 2. ^Langley, P., et al. (1987). Scientific discovery : computational explorations of the creative processes. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press. 3. ^Metcalfe, J. & Wiebe, D. (1987). Intuition in insight and noninsight problem solving. Memory & Cognition 1987, 15(3), 238-246. 4. ^Davidson, J.E. & Sternberg, R.J. (2003). The psychology of problem solving. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. 5. ^Sternberg, R. J. and J. E. Davidson (1995). The nature of insight. Cambridge MA, MIT Press. 6. ^1 {{Cite book|title=Phenomenology of Practice: Meaning-Giving Methods in Phenomenological Research and Writing|last=van Manen|first=Max|publisher=Routledge|year=2016|isbn=9781611329438|location=Oxon|pages=}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.phenomenologyonline.com/inquiry/methods-procedures/reflective-methods/exegetical-reflection/insight-cultivating-reflection/|title=Phenomenology Online » Insight-cultivating Reflection|website=www.phenomenologyonline.com|access-date=2018-07-05}} Further reading
2 : Problem solving|Phenomenology |
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