| 词条 | Irish Conservation Box |
| 释义 |
The Irish Conservation Box (ICB) or Biologically Sensitive Area (BSA)[1] is a Marine Protected Area stretching along the southwest coast of Ireland. The ICB was defined based on advice from marine biologists,[2] and following review by European Union fisheries ministers of the Common Fisheries Policy, as a means to safeguard the "biological sensitivity and commercial importance" of the waters around Ireland. LocationExtended from Irish territorial waters, and comprising an area of more than 100,000 km², the ICB stretches from Waterford Harbour to Slyne Head, and follows the 200 metre bathymetric contour line along its western side.[3] Fishing by certain vessels and vessel types is restricted in this area,[4] and vessels over 10 metres long are required to report their catch and movements to the Irish Fisheries' patrol. The Irish Naval Service is tasked with enforcing the special protection measures.[5]BackgroundThe Irish Conservation Box replaces a previous protection zone - known as "the Irish Box" - which was a larger rectangular 50-mile zone[2][6] around the whole coast of the island of Ireland and included waters reaching to the western coasts of Scotland, England and Wales.[3][7] Under the (original) Irish box mandate, important spawning and nursery areas for many stocks were protected by - for example - limiting fishing in the zone to no more than 40 foreign vessels at any one time.[8] Because of common and "free-movement" policies of the EU, certain countries expected access to the zone in the long-term. As a result, there was ongoing lobbying by Spanish and Portuguese politicians of the Committee on Fisheries to remove the limits, and it was effectively abolished in late 2002. As part of a 2003 review of the Common Fisheries Policy, and after intense negotiations on a proposal by the then Minister for Communications, Energy and Natural Resources,[9] the Fisheries Council accepted the position that protection of biologically sensitive areas was critical to a conservation policy. The renewed Irish Conservation Box regulations came into force in 2004. See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.marine.ie/NR/rdonlyres/87FB3436-8A22-437C-99C5-1A96F272B98D/0/Biologically_Sensitive_Area.pdf |title= Marine Institute of Ireland Booklet - Biologically Sensitive Area|publisher=Maritime Institute |accessdate=7 October 2014}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url= https://www.marine.ie/home/aboutus/newsroom/PressReleaseArchive/2003/Pressreleasenewconservationbox.htm |title= Press Release - Marine Institute welcomes EU decision on new Irish Conservation Box |date=14 October 2003 |publisher=Marine Institute |accessdate= 7 October 2014 }} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url= http://cmrc.ucc.ie/publications/reports/National_Synthesis.pdf |title= Coastal & Marine Resources Centre, Environmental Research Institute |work= Workpackage 10 |page= 33 |accessdate= 7 October 2014}} 4. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2005/en/si/0705.html |title= Statute Book - Crab (Fisheries Management and Conservation) (No. 2) Regulations 2005 |publisher=IrishStatueBook.ie |accessdate=7 October 2014}} 5. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.military.ie/naval-service/organisation/roles-of-the-naval-service/ |publisher= Irish Naval Service website |title= Roles of the Naval Service - Fishery Protection |accessdate= 7 October 2014}} 6. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/news/conservation-area-to-replace-irish-box-1.383323 |publisher=Irish Times |date=14 October 2003 |title=Conservation area to replace Irish Box |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161113003149/http://www.irishtimes.com/news/conservation-area-to-replace-irish-box-1.383323 |archivedate=13 November 2016 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.beaufort-eafm.eu/pages/CaseStudies/Biological.html|title=Beaufort EAFM: Outputs - Case Studies - Biologically Sensitive Area| publisher= Beaufort Marine Research Award project |accessdate=7 October 2014}} 8. ^{{cite book | last=da Conceição-Heldt | first=Eugénia | title=The Common Fisheries Policy in the European Union: A Study in Integrative and Distributive Bargaining | year=2004 | publisher=Routledge | location=London | isbn=978-0-415-94902-6 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=RohmOtzBUQ8C&printsec=frontcover}} 9. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.dcenr.gov.ie/NR/exeres/F82E1752-FCD3-41F4-A458-DB2A87D31B68.htm |title = Press Release - Ministers Agree Cap on Fishing Effort For New Irish Box |publisher= Department of Communications, Energy and Natural Resources |date= 21 June 2004}} 5 : Environmental treaties|Fishing in Ireland|Celtic Sea|Environment of Ireland|2004 in Ireland |
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