| 词条 | Irkab-Damu |
| 释义 |
| name =Irkab-Damu | title =King of Ebla | reign =c. 2340 BC. Middle chronology | predecessor =Igrish-Halam | successor =Isar-Damu | succession1 = King of Ebla | spouse = Dusigu | spouse-type = Wife | consort = yes | issue = Isar-Damu Princess Iti-Mut.[1] Princess Tarib-Damu.[2] Princess Tište-Damu.[2] Princess Tinib-Dulum.[3] | father =Igrish-Halam | mother = Kesdut |}}Irkab-Damu (reigned c. 2340 BC),[4] was the king (Malikum) of the first Eblaite kingdom, whose era saw Ebla's turning into the dominant power in the Levant.[5][6] During his reign, the vizier started to acquire an important role in running the affair of the state and the military. Irkab-Damu's reign is also noted for the wide diplomatic relations between Ebla and the surrounding kingdoms.[7][8][9] ReignIrkab-Damu succeeded king Igrish-Halam,[10][11] whose reign was characterized by an Eblaite weakness, and tribute paying to the kingdom of Mari with whom Ebla fought a long war.[8] Irkab-Damu started his reign by concluding a peace and trading treaty with Abarsal (probably located along the Euphrates river east of Ebla),[12] one of the first recorded treaties in history.[13] Ebla paid tribute to Mari during Irkab-Damu's first years on the throne.[8] A letter from king Enna-Dagan of Mari was discovered at Ebla,[14] and was used by the Mariote monarch as a tool to assert Mari's authority,[14] as it contained a historic telling of the victories won by the Enna-Dagans's predecessors over Ebla.[15] ExpansionIrkab-Damu launched a successful counteroffensive against Mari, and ended the tribute.[5][6] He expanded the borders of Ebla to its greatest extent, and controlled an area roughly half the size of modern Syria,[16] half of which was under the direct control of the king and administered by governors, while the rest consisted of vassal kingdoms paying tribute and supplying military assistance to Ebla.[16] A tablet from Ebla mention an Eblaite victory over Nagar, most probably during Irakb-Damu's reign.[17] The same tablet mention the concluding of a treaty with Enna-Dagan.[17] Irkab-Damu appointed Arrukum as the first vizier of Ebla,[18] who kept his office for five years,[19] and had his son Ruzi-Malik marrying princess Iti-Mut, the daughter of the king.[1] Diplomacy was an important part of Irkab-Damu's policy, a clay tablet found in the archives at Ebla, bears a copy of a diplomatic message sent from Ebla to king Zizi of Hamazi, along with a large quantity of wood, hailing him as a brother,[20] and requesting him to send mercenaries in exchange.[21] Gifts from Ancient Egypt were discovered in the royal palace, indicating the far reaching relations of Ebla,[22] which is described by Karl Moore as the history first world power.[23] Succession and familyIrkab-Damu was the son of Igrish-Halam and his queen Kesdut.[24] He ruled for eleven years,[12] and married Dusigu in his fifth year on the throne.[25] Irkab-Damu last two years saw the rise of vizier Ibrium,[19] who campaigned against Abarsal during Arrukum's term,[7] and became Ebla's strongest official during the reign of Irkab-Damu's son and successor Isar-Damu.[7] {{s-start}}{{s-hou||||2340 BC||name=King Irkab-Damu of Ebla}}{{S-reg}}{{s-bef|before=Igrish-Halam}}{{s-ttl|title=King of Ebla|years= 2340 BC}}{{s-aft|after=Isar-Damu}}{{s-end}}See also{{Portal|Syria|Ancient Near East}}
ReferencesCitations1. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=bG4HAQAAIAAJ&dq|title= Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie, Volume 92|author= W. de Gruyter|page=162|year= 2002}} 2. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=bG4HAQAAIAAJ&dq|title= Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie, Volume 92|author= W. de Gruyter|page=183|year= 2002}} 3. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=bG4HAQAAIAAJ&dq|title= Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie, Volume 92|author= W. de Gruyter|page=170|year= 2002}} 4. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=biyDDd0uKGMC&pg=PT239|title= Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC|author= William J. Hamblin|page= 239|isbn= 9781134520626|date= 2006-09-27}} 5. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_ez3ih5JgzUC&pg=PA24#v=onepage&q&f=false|title= Brotherhood of Kings: How International Relations Shaped the Ancient Near East|author=Amanda H. Podany|page= 24|year= 2010|isbn= 9780199798759}} 6. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ySjxzVWf120C&pg=PA64|title= Early Urbanism on the Syrian Euphrates|author= Lisa Cooper|page= 64|year= 2006|isbn= 9781134261079}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_EtJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT207|title= The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy|author= Mario Liverani|page= 207|isbn= 9781134750917|date= 2013-12-04}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8l9X_3rHFdEC&pg=PA462|title= Art of the First Cities: The Third Millennium B.C|author1=Joan Aruz |author2=Ronald Wallenfels |page= 462|year= 2003|isbn= 9781588390431}} 9. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=46SmAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT132|title= The Development of Pre-State Communities in the Ancient Near East: Studies in Honour of Edgar Peltenburg|author1=Diane Bolger |author2=Louise C. Maguire |page= 132|year= 2010|isbn= 9781842178379}} 10. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5hILAQAAMAAJ&q|language= fr|title= Mythologie et religion des sémites occidentaux, Nummer 1|author= Gregorio del Olmo Lete|page= 118|year=2008|isbn= 9789042918979}} 11. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3LdtAAAAMAAJ&q|title= Ideologies as Intercultural Phenomena: Proceedings of the Third Annual Symposium of the Assyrian and Babylonian Intellectual Heritage Project, Held in Chicago, USA, October 27-31, 2000|author1=Antonio Panaino |author2=Giovanni Pettinato |page= 200|year= 2002|isbn= 9788884831071}} 12. ^1 {{cite journal |title= Alfonso Archi and Maria Giovanna Biga, In Search of Armi, Journal of Cuneiform Studies Vol. 63, pp. 5-34|journal= Journal of Cuneiform Studies|volume= 63|pages= 5–34|publisher= The American Schools of Oriental Research|date=2011|jstor= 10.5615/jcunestud.63.0005|doi= 10.5615/jcunestud.63.0005|last1 = Archi|first1 = Alfonso}} 13. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u5DzAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA14|title= Justice Among Nations|author= Stephen C. Neff|page= 14|year= 2014|isbn= 9780674726543}} 14. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=klZX8B_RzzYC&pg=PT200#v=onepage&q&f=false|title= Ancient Iraq|author= Georges Roux|page=200|year= 1992|isbn= 9780141938257}} 15. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0d1JAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA119#v=onepage&q&f=false|title= The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy|author= Mario Liverani|page= 119|year=2013|isbn= 9781134750849}} 16. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=biyDDd0uKGMC&pg=PT240|title= Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC|author= William J. Hamblin|page= 240|isbn= 9781134520626|date= 2006-09-27}} 17. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EbRtAAAAMAAJ&q|title= Excavations at Tell Brak: vol 2. Nagar in the third millennium BC|author= David Oates, Joan Oates, Helen McDonald| page=100|year= 2001|isbn= 9780951942093}} 18. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JSftAAAAMAAJ&q|title= Archiv für Orientforschung, Volume 44,Deel 1 -Volume 45,Deel 1|author= Alfonso Archi| page=108|year= 1998}} 19. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8PNAnIome3AC&pg=PT148#v=onepage&q&f=false|title= Pre-Sargonic Period: Early Periods, Volume 1 (2700-2350 BC)|author= Douglas Frayne|page= 148|year= 2008|isbn= 9781442690479}} 20. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yKcHHU2DaPoC&pg=PA52#v=onepage&q&f=false|title= Language and Diplomacy|author1=Jovan Kurbalija |author2=Hannah Slavik |page= 52|year= 2001|isbn= 9789990955156}} 21. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DsNtAAAAMAAJ&q|title= The archives of Ebla: an empire inscribed in clay|author=Giovanni Pettinato|page= 98|year= 1981|isbn= 9780385131520}} 22. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_ez3ih5JgzUC&pg=PA52#v=onepage&q&f=false|title= Brotherhood of Kings: How International Relations Shaped the Ancient Near East|author=Amanda H. Podany|page= 52|year= 2010|isbn= 9780199798759}} 23. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LXWTAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA34&dq#v=onepage&q&f=false|title= The Origins of Globalization|author1=Karl Moore |author2=David Charles Lewis |page= 43|year= 2009|isbn= 9781135970086}} 24. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bG4HAQAAIAAJ&q|title= Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie, Volume 92|author= W. de Gruyter|page= 174|year= 2002}} 25. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LKQ0fZFTeHkC&pg=PA230#v=onepage&q&f=false|title= Mobile Pastoralism and the Formation of Near Eastern Civilizations: Weaving Together Society|author= Anne Porter|page= 230|year= 2012|isbn= 9780521764438}} Bibliography
2 : Kings of Ebla|24th-century BC rulers |
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