| 词条 | Ismene amancaes |
| 释义 |
| authority = (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb. | image = Ismene amancaes.jpg | image_caption =Flower close-up. | status = EN | status_system = IUCN2.3 | genus = Ismene | species = amancaes | synonyms =
}} Ismene amancaes, commonly called amancae or amancay,[1][2] is a herbaceous plant species in the Amaryllidaceae family and native to the coastal hills of Peru. DescriptionI. amancaes is a species with spherical bulbs 3.5–5 cm in diameter.[3][4] The leaves are strap-shaped, 25–50 cm long and 2.5–5 cm wide, bright green.[3][4] The 2-6 yellow pedicellate flowers are borne at the end of a scape up to 33 cm long.[3] The floral tube is greenish yellow, 5-7.5 cm long, bearing at the end the tepals, which are linear to narrowly lanceolate, 6-7.5 cm long, with green tips.[3][9] The floral corona is funnel-shaped, yellow with green stripes, 5–6 cm long, 6-8.5 cm wide, bearing the stamens facing inwards.[3][9][4]Distribution and habitatEndemic to Peru, Ismene amancaes inhabits coastal hills up to 1500 m of elevation, especially near the city of Lima, as part of the lomas ecosystem.[5][6][4][7]Chemical compoundsIt is reported that I. amancaes contains the alkaloid substances galantamine[8] and narcissidine.[9] HistoryRemains of I. amancaes have been found in archaeological sites near the city of Lima.[10] The flowering of this species was the subject of a festival ("Festival de Amancaise") celebrated in June in Lima, until the first half of the 1800s.[11] In a place among the hills surrounding Lima, people from the city gathered annually to celebrate the flowering of the plant in a festival with music and dance, similar to May Day.[11] The festival attracted people from all clases of the society then, while a common sight was people sporting the flowers in the garments.[11] ConservationI. amancaes is considered an endangered species by the IUCN since 1997.[12]References1. ^{{Cite journal|last=Suni|first=Mery|last2=Pascual|first2=Edisson|last3=Jara|first3=Enoc|date=2011|title=Desarrollo reproductivo del "amancay" Ismene amancaes (Amaryllidaceae) en su ambiente natural|url=|journal=Revista Peruana de Biología|language=Spanish|volume=18|issue=3|pages=293–297|via=}} {{Commons category|Ismene amancaes}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q4739516}}2. ^{{Cite journal|last=Soto|first=Marilú|last2=Leiva|first2=Milagros|date=2015|title=Estudio exomorfológico y fitoquímico de los bulbos de dos especies endémicas del Perú de la familia Amaryllidaceae|url=|journal=Arnaldoa|language=Spanish|volume=22|issue=1|pages=269–288|via=}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite book|url=|title=The European Garden Flora Flowering Plants: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated in Europe, Both Out-of-Doors and Under Glass|last=Cullen|first=James|last2=Knees|first2=Sabina G.|last3=Cubey|first3=H. Suzanne|last4=Shaw|first4=J. M. H.|date=2011|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=|isbn=9780521761475|location=|pages=|language=en}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{Cite book|url=|title=The Bulb Book|last=Weathers|first=John|date=|publisher=Applewood Books|year=1911|isbn=9781429013772|location=|pages=284|language=en}} 5. ^1 2 {{Cite journal|last=Francis|first=Macbride, J.|date=1936|title=Flora of Peru /|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2375532|journal=Fieldiana|language=en|volume=v.13:pt.1:no.3|pages=671|via=}} 6. ^{{Cite book|url=|title=Evolution of Desert Biota|last=Goodall|first=David W.|date=2014|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=|isbn=9780292740990|location=|pages=17|language=en}} 7. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com.pe/books?id=NFZNAAAAYAAJ|title=Paxton's Magazine of Botany, and Register of Flowering Plants|last=Paxton|first=Sir Joseph|date=1837|publisher=Orr and Smith|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=267|language=en}} 8. ^{{Cite book|url=|title=Alkaloid-bearing Plants and Their Contained Alkaloids|last=Willaman|first=John James|last2=Schubert|first2=Bernice|date=1961|publisher=U.S. Department of Agriculture|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=15|language=en}} 9. ^{{Cite book|url=|title=Encyclopedia of the Alkaloids: Volume 2 (I-Z)|last=Glasby|first=John|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|year=|isbn=9781461587293|location=|pages=988|language=en}} 10. ^{{Cite book|url=|title=Advances in Andean Archaeology|last=Browman|first=David L.|date=1978|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|year=|isbn=9783110810011|location=|pages=110, 115|language=en}} 11. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com.pe/books?id=uy0XAAAAYAAJ|title=A Visit to the South Seas, in the U.S. Ship Vincennes: During the Years 1829 and 1830; with Scenes in Brazil, Peru, Manila, the Cape of Good Hope, and St. Helena|last=Stewart|first=Charles Samuel|date=1831|publisher=J.P. Haven|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=168–173|language=en}} 12. ^{{Cite book|url=|title=IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants|last=|first=|date=1997|publisher=International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=618|language=en}} 2 : Amaryllidoideae|Flora of Peru |
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