| 词条 | Istakhri |
| 释义 |
| name = Abū Ishāk al-Fārisī al-Iṣṭakhrī | birth_date = | birth_place = Istakhr[1] | death_date = died after 952[1] | death_place = Baghdad[1] | era = Islamic Golden Age | region = Islamic civilization | school_tradition = Balkhi school | main_interests = Islamic geography | notable_ideas = {{Unbulleted list|}} | major_works = | influences = Al-Balkhi | influenced = }} Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Farisi al-Istakhri ({{lang|ar|آبو إسحاق إبراهيم بن محمد الفارسي الإصطخري}}) (also Estakhri, {{lang-fa|استخری}}, i.e. from the Iranian city of Istakhr, b. - d. 957 AD [346AH][2]) was a 10th century travel-author and geographer who wrote valuable accounts in Arabic of the many Muslim territories he visited during the Abbasid era of the Islamic Golden Age. There is no consensus regarding his origin. Some sources describe him as Persian,[1] while others state he was Arab.[3] The Encyclopedia of Islam, Second Edition states that his "biography is unknown, or almost so".[4] The Encyclopedia Iranica states: "Biographical data are very meager. From his nesbas (attributive names) he appears to have been a native of Eṣṭaḵr in Fārs, but it is not known whether he was Persian".{{sfn|Bolshakov|1998|pages=646-647}} Istakhri's account of windmills is the earliest known. Istakhri met the celebrated traveller-geographer Ibn Haukul, while travelling in the Indus Valley.[5] and Haukul's magnum opus, Kitab al-Surat al-Ard, incorporated the work of Istakhri. WorksIstakhri's two surviving works are:
Published EditionsAn 8-volume edition of works by medieval Arab geographers, edited by the dutch orientalist Michael Jan de Goeje in a series titled Bibliotheca geographorum Arabicorum was published by Brill, Lugduni-Batavora (Leiden) in the 1870s. An edition of Istakhri's MS text was produced for the first volume under the Latin title Viae Regnorum descriptio ditionis Moslemicae - "Description of Roads of the Kingdoms in Muslim territories". In 1927 the editor Theodore Noldeke produced a second edition. In 1845 the german orientalist A. D. Mordtmann published a translation in Hamburg with the title Das Buch der Länder von Schech Ebu Ishak el Farsi el Isztachri, with a foreword by C. Ritter. (Schriften der Akademie von Ham Bd. 1, Abth. 2). See also
References1. ^1 2 3 {{ODB|last1=Shboul|first1=Ahmad M. H.|title=Iṣṭakhrī, al-|url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195046526.001.0001/acref-9780195046526-e-2533|ref=harv}} 2. ^Mojtahed-Zadeh, Pirous. "The Persian Gulf in the Geographical Views of the Ancient World" In Cartographie Historique du Golfe Persique. Edited by M. Taleghani, D. Silva Couto, & J.-L. Bacque-Grammont. Louvain, Belgium: Diffusion, 2006. 17. 3. ^{{cite book |editor1-last=van Donzel |editor1-first=E.J. |title=Islamic Desk Reference (compiled from the Encyclopedia of Islam) |date=1994 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-9004097384 |page=177}} 4. ^{{cite encyclopedia | title = al-Iṣṭak̲h̲rī| first = A. | last = Miquel | authorlink = | encyclopedia = The Encyclopedia of Islam, Second Edition | editors = P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs | publisher = BRILL Online | url = https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/al-istakhri-SIM_3673?s.num=162&s.start=160 | year = 2012| ref=harv }} 5. ^ Sources
External links
11 : 950s deaths|10th-century geographers|10th-century Iranian people|Balkhi school|Geographers of medieval Islam|Istakhr|Medieval Persian geographers|Medieval Persian people|Medieval Arab geographers|People associated with wind power|Year of birth unknown |
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