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词条 Comparison of instant messaging protocols
释义

  1. Table of instant messaging protocols

  2. See also

  3. References

{{short description|Wikimedia list article}}{{cleanup HTML|date=February 2019}}

The following is a comparison of instant messaging protocols. It contains basic general information about the protocols.

Table of instant messaging protocols

ProtocolCreatorFirst public release dateLicenseIdentity (not inc. alias)Asynchronous message relayingTransport Layer SecurityEnd-to-end encryptionUnlimited number of contactsBulletins to all contactsOne-to-many routing 4Spam protectionGroup, channel or conference supportAudio/VoIP supportWebcam/VideoBatch file sharingMedia synchronisationServerless 6 (decentralized)Protocol
Bitmessage Jonathan Warren 2012 NovOpen standard}} Alphanumeric address {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} (through proof-of-work) {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{Yes}}Bitmessage
BriarBriarproject.org9 May 2018Open standard}}Public & Private key (via QR Codes) {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}} {{Yes}}Briar
Gadu-Gadu GG Network 2000 Jul 17 Proprietary Unique number
e.g. 12345678
 {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{No}}Centralistic}} {{Yes}} 5 (simple) {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}}Gadu-Gadu
IRC Jarkko Oikarinen 1988 AugOpen standard}} Nickname!Username@hostname
(or "hostmask")
e.g. user!~usr@a.b.com1		 {{Yes}}, but via a memo system that differs from the main systemYes, depending on individual server support}} {{No}} {{No}}3 {{No}}Simplistic multicast}} Medium {{Yes}} (everyone, multiple simultaneous, any size) {{No}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}}IRC
Echo Protocol spot-on.sf.net / goldbug.sf.net 2013Open standard}} Key {{Yes}}Yes, optional}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}}Echo Protocol
Matrix Matrix.org 2014 SepOpen standard}} Matrix user ID (MXID) {{Yes}}Yes, mandatory}} {{Optional}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} (using pluggable server-side filtering modules) {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}}Matrix
MSNP (Windows Live Messenger, etc.) Microsoft 1999 Jul Proprietary Email address (Microsoft account) {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}} Only for certified robots {{No}}Centralistic}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}}MSNP (Windows Live Messenger, etc.)
MTProto (Telegram) Telegram Messenger LLP 2013 AugOpen standard}} Phone number (e.g. +1234567890), nickname (e.g. @example) {{yes}} {{yes}} {{Optional}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{yes}} {{yes}}, contact blocking {{yes}} {{yes}}[1] {{no}} {{yes}} {{yes}} {{No}}MTProto (Telegram)
Mumble Thorvald Natvig 1999 JulOpen standard}} Username {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} Only for certified robots {{No}}Centralistic}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}}Mumble
OSCAR (AIM, ICQ) AOL 1997 Proprietary (Discontinued 15-Dec-2017)[2] Username, Email Address or UIN
e.g. 12345678		 {{Yes}} {{Yes}} (Aim Pro, Aim Lite) {{No}} {{No}} {{No}}Centralistic}}client-based}} {{Yes}} (Multiple, simultaneous) {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}}OSCAR (AIM, ICQ)
RVP (Windows Messenger, etc.) Microsoft 1997 Mar Proprietary (Discontinued) Windows Active Directory Login {{No}} {{No}} {{No}} {{dunno}} {{No}}Centralistic}} {{No}}ne {{No}} {{dunno}} {{dunno}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}}RVP (Windows Messenger, etc.)
Ricochet Invisible.im 2014 MarOpen standard}} Tor onion address {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{Yes}}Ricochet
Ring (based on DHT and SIP) Savoir-faire Linux Inc. 2015 MayOpen standard}} 40-digit address {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{Yes}} Medium {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{Yes}}Ring (based on DHT and SIP)
Signal ProtocolSignal Messenger 2014 Feb[3]Open standard}}Phone number (e.g. +1234567890){{yes}}{{yes}}{{yes}}{{yes}}{{dunno}}{{yes}}{{yes}}, contact blocking{{yes}}{{yes}}{{yes}}{{yes}}{{yes}}{{no}}Signal Protocol
SIP/SIMPLE IETF 2002 DecOpen standard}} user@hostname {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} Medium {{dunno}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} Depends on implemenationSIP/SIMPLE
Skype Skype 2003 Aug Proprietary Username {{Yes}} {{Proprietary}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}} {{dunno}} {{dunno}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}}Skype
Steam Friends Valve Corporation 2003 Sep 12 Proprietary SteamID/Username or Unique Number {{Yes}} {{Proprietary}} {{dunno}}No, although rising}} {{Yes}} {{dunno}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}}Steam Friends
TOC2 AOL 2005 Sep Proprietary (Discontinued) Username or UIN
e.g. 12345678		 {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}}Centralistic}} {{No}} paying members only {{dunno}} {{dunno}} {{partial}} {{dunno}} {{No}}TOC2
TOX (based on DHT) irungentoo (github user) 2013 JuneOpen standard}} Public & Private key {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{dunno}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{dunno}} {{Yes}}TOX (based on DHT)
Tuenti Tuenti 2006 Proprietary Username {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{dunno}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{dunno}} {{No}}Tuenti
Windows Messenger service Microsoft 1990 Proprietary (Discontinued) NetBIOS {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}}Windows Messenger service
XMPP/Jingle (Google Talk) Jeremie Miller, standardized via IETF 1999 JanOpen standard}} Jabber ID (JID)
e.g. usr@a.b.c/home2		 {{Yes}} {{Yes}}Optional, multiple implementations}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}}[4]Unicast lists}}[5]Several standardized types}}[6] {{Optional}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{yes}}[7] {{Optional}}[8]XMPP/Jingle (Google Talk)
YMSG (Yahoo! Messenger) Yahoo! 1998, March 9 Proprietary Username {{Yes}}reason=YMSG probably uses TLS based on EFF scorecard from November 2014: https://www.eff.org/node/82654 |?=yes|date=July 2016}} {{No}} {{No}} {{Yes}}Centralistic}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}}YMSG (Yahoo! Messenger)
Zephyr Notification Service MIT 1987Open standard}} Kerberos principal
e.g. user@ATHENA.MIT.EDU		 {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}}Zephyr Notification Service
SMS/MMS/EMS/Call Friedhelm Hillebrand 1985 Proprietary Phone number (e.g. +1234567890) {{Yes}} {{No}} {{No}} About 250 contacts in SIM, unlimited from phone. {{No}} serial messages Medium {{No}} {{yes}} {{No}} {{No}} {{No}} {{dunno}} SMS
ProtocolCreatorFirst public release dateLicenseIdentity (not inc. alias)Asynchronous message relayingTransport Layer SecurityEnd-to-end encryptionUnlimited number of contactsBulletins to all contactsOne-to-many routing 4Spam protectionGroup, channel or conference supportAudio/VoIP supportWebcam/VideoBatch file sharingMedia synchronisationServerless 6 (decentralized)Protocol

Note 1: In ~usr@a.b.com, the a.b.com part is known as the "hostmask" and can either be the server being connected from or a "cloak" granted by the server administrator; a more realistic example is ~myname@myisp.example.com. The tilde generally indicates that the username provided by the IRC client on signon was not verified with the ident service.

Note 2: In usr@a.b.c/home, the home part is a "resource", which distinguishes the same user when logged in from multiple locations, possibly simultaneously; a more realistic example is user@xmppserver.example.com/homeNote 3: Scalability issue: The protocol gets increasingly inefficient with the number of contacts.[9][10]

Note 4: One-to-many/many-to-many communications primarily comprise presence information, publish/subscribe and groupchat distribution. Some technologies have the ability to distribute data by multicast, avoiding bottlenecks on the sending side caused by the number of recipients. Efficient distribution of presence is currently however a technological scalability issue for both XMPP and SIP/SIMPLE.

Note 5: There have been reports from users that the antispam filter is used to censor links to other IM programs and some websites.

Note 6: Serverless protocols don't have any central entities (usually companies) controlling the network. Serverless network consists only of clients. Such systems are usually extremely resistant to surveillance and censorship.

See also

  • Comparison of instant messaging clients
  • Comparison of Internet Relay Chat clients
  • Comparison of LAN messengers
  • LAN messenger
  • Secure instant messaging

References

1. ^https://telegram.org/blog/calls
2. ^https://aimemories.tumblr.com/post/166091776077/aimemories
3. ^{{cite web|last1=Marlinspike|first1=Moxie|title=The New TextSecure: Privacy Beyond SMS|url=https://whispersystems.org/blog/the-new-textsecure/|publisher=Open Whisper Systems|accessdate=12 December 2015|date=24 February 2014}}
4. ^http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0033.html
5. ^http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0033.html
6. ^* http://xmpp.org/rfcs/rfc6121.html#blocking* http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0159.html* http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0161.html
7. ^{{cite web|title=XEP-0280: Message Carbons|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0280.html|website=xmpp.org|accessdate=13 December 2018|date=2017-02-16}}
8. ^{{cite web|title=XEP-0174: Serverless Messaging|url=https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0174.html|website=xmpp.org|accessdate=1 November 2017|date=26 November 2008}}
9. ^{{IETF RFC|1324}}, D. Reed, 1992. 2.5.1, Size
10. ^Functionality provided by systems for synchronous conferencing, C.v. Loesch, 1992. 1.2.1 Growth
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