| 词条 | Jalairid Sultanate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| native_name = | conventional_long_name = Jalayirid Sultanate | common_name = Jalayirid Sultanate | status = Empire | government_type = Monarchy | year_start = 1335 | year_end = 1432 | p1 = Ilkhanate | flag_p1 = | s1 = Kara Koyunlu | flag_s1 = | image_map = Chupanid_-_Jalayerid_dyansty_1337–1432__ad.PNG | image_map_caption = Division of Ilkhanate territory | capital = Baghdad (Till 1358 and 1388-1411), Tabriz (1358-1388), Basra (1411-1432) | common_languages = Persian[1] Arabic(diplomatic)[2] Mongolian(government)[2] | today = Iran Iraq Syria | demonym = | area_km2 = | area_rank = | GDP_PPP = | GDP_PPP_year = | HDI = | HDI_year = }}{{History of Greater Iran}} The Jalairids were a Mongol Jalayir dynasty which ruled over Iraq and western Persia after the breakup of the Mongol khanate of Persia in the 1330s.[3] The Jalairid sultanate lasted about fifty years, until disrupted by Timur's conquests and the revolts of the Kara Koyunlu ("Black Sheep") Turkmen.[4] After Timur's death in 1405, there was a brief attempt to re-establish the sultanate in southern Iraq and Khuzistan. The Jalairids were finally eliminated by the Kara Koyunlu in 1432. GovernmentThe Jalairid administration and chancellery was modeled after Ilkhanate protocols, with documents in Persian and Mongolian.[2] Their diplomatic correspondence also copied the Ilkhanate's, using a red ink square seal with Islamic phrases in Arabic.[2] Rulers of Jalayirid Sultanate
Family tree{{familytree/start}}{{familytree| | | | HUS |V| DAH | | | | | | | | | | |HUS=Husein Gurkan |DAH=daughter of Arghun}}{{familytree| | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}{{familytree| | | | | | HAS |V| DEL | | | | | | | | |HAS=Hasan Buzurg1336–1356 |DEL=Dilshad Khatun}}{{familytree| | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |}}{{familytree| | | | | | | | UVY | | | | | | | | | | |UVY=Uvais I 1356–1374}}{{familytree| | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}{{familytree| | | | ALI | | HUS | | | | AHM | | HAS |ALI=Alishah |HUS=Husain I 1374–1382 |AHM=Ahmad 1383–1410 |HAS=Hasan 1374}}{{familytree| | | | |!| | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | | |}}{{familytree| | | | SHA |V| TAN | | | | ALA | | | | |SHA=Shah Valad 1410–1411 |TAN=Tandura Khatun |ALA=Al'a od-Dowleh}}{{familytree| | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | | | |}}{{familytree| | MAH | | UVY | | MOH | | HUS | | | | |MAH=Mahmud 1411–1415 |UVY=Uvais II 1415–1421 |MOH=Mohammed 1421–1422 |HUS=Husain II 1424–1432}}{{familytree/end}} See also
References1. ^{{cite book|last1=Jackson|first1=edited by Peter|last2=Lockhart|first2=the late Laurence|title=The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 6: The Timurid and Safavid periods|date=1986|publisher=New York|location=Cambridge|isbn=0521200946|page=978|edition=Repr}} 2. ^1 2 3 Broadbridge, Anne F. Kingship and Ideology in the Islamic and Mongol Worlds, (Cambridge University Press, 2008), 157. 3. ^Bayne Fisher, William. The Cambridge History of Iran, p.3: "From then until Timur's invasion of the country, Iran was under the rule of various rival petty princes of whom henceforth only the Jalairids could claim Mongol lineage" 4. ^The History Files Rulers of Persia 5. ^Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. The new Islamic dynasties: a chronological and genealogical manual. New Edinburgh Islamic Surveys Series; {{ISBN|0-7486-2137-7}}, 978-0-7486-2137-8 External links
6 : 1432 disestablishments in Asia|States and territories established in 1335|Jalayirids|Mongol states|1335 establishments in Asia|1330s in the Middle East |
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