| 词条 | James Bogardus |
| 释义 |
| name = James Bogardus | image = James-bogardus.jpg | image_size = | caption = Newspaper photograph | birth_date = {{birth date|mf=y|1800|3|14}} | birth_place = Catskill, New York, U.S. | death_date = {{death date and age|mf=y|1874|4|13|1800|3|14}} | death_place = New York City, New York, U.S. | residence = | spouse = Margaret McClay | work_institutions = | alma_mater = | known_for = Cast-iron | influences = | influenced = | signature = }}James Bogardus (March 14, 1800 – April 13, 1874) was an American inventor and architect, the pioneer of American cast-iron architecture, for which he took out a patent in 1850.[1] Early lifeBogardus was born in the town of Catskill in New York on March 14, 1800. He was a descendant of the Rev. Everardus Bogardus (d. 1647), the second clergyman in New Netherlands. At the age of fourteen, Bogardus quit school to start an apprenticeship at a watchmaker.[1] CareerIn 1828, Bogardus invented a cotton-spinning machine called a ring flier.[2] In 1831, he invented a mechanized engraving machine that was employed for engraving dies for bank notes. He also invented the eccentric mill in 1832, which is still used in principle for fine finish of ball bearings, and, with variable eccentricity, for lens grinding.[3] Bogardus attached plaques to his cast-ironwork that read: "James Bogardus Originator & Patentee of Iron Buildings Pat' May 7, 1850." [4] After his invention of cast-iron in the early 1850s, he demonstrated the use of it in the construction of building facades, especially in New York City for the next two decades. He was based in New York, but also worked in Washington, DC, where three cast-iron structures erected by Bogardus in 1851 were the first such constructions in the capital. The success of the cast-iron exteriors from 1850-1880 led to the adoption of steel-frame construction for entire buildings.[5] Personal lifeHe married Margaret McClay (1803–1878), the daughter of Daughter of Rev. Archiblad Maclay. Bogardus died in New York City aged 74. Bogardus is interred at Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York.[6] LegacyA small park in TriBeCa, where Chambers Street, Hudson Street and West Broadway (Manhattan) intersect is named James Bogardus Triangle.[7] Bogardus buildings
Further reading
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Men of Progress|url=https://americanhistory.si.edu/american-enterprise-exhibition/videos/men-progress|website=americanhistory.si.edu|publisher=National Museum of American History|accessdate=29 August 2017|language=en}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Bogardus, James}}2. ^{{cite book|last1=Hanson|first1=John Wesley|title=Progress of the Nineteenth Century: A Panoramic Review of the Inventions and Discoveries of the Past Hundred Years ...|date=1900|publisher=J. L. Nichols|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zUpEAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA79&lpg=PA79|accessdate=29 August 2017|language=en}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=James Bogardus {{!}} Spandrel Panel from Edgar H. Laing Stores {{!}} American {{!}} The Met|url=http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/7704|website=metmuseum.org|publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|accessdate=29 August 2017}} 4. ^Streetscapes/75 Murray Street; Bought for Its Site, the Rundown Loft Is a Gem, by CHRISTOPHER GRAY, New York Times, October 30, 1994 [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C01E6DE113FF933A05753C1A962958260] 5. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Winters|first1=Alfred|last2=Winters|first2=Eleanor|title=Exploring New York's SoHo|date=2012|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|isbn=9781614237020|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sa9xCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT27&lpg=PT27|accessdate=29 August 2017|language=en}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=JAMES BOGARDUS (1800-1874) {{!}} Green-Wood|url=http://www.green-wood.com/2010/james-bogardus/|website=www.green-wood.com|accessdate=29 August 2017}} 7. ^{{cite book|last1=Rosenberg|first1=Andrew|last2=Dunford|first2=Martin|title=The Rough Guide to New York|date=2011|publisher=Penguin|isbn=9781848365902|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mZ0z8ZSwQ-sC&pg=PA74&lpg=PA74|accessdate=29 August 2017|language=en}} 9 : 1800 births|1874 deaths|Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery|Architects from New York (state)|19th-century American inventors|People from the Catskills|Cast-iron architecture|19th-century American architects|People from Catskill, New York |
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