| 词条 | James Parker (Medal of Honor) |
| 释义 |
|name=James Parker |birth_date={{Birth date|1854|2|20}} |death_date={{Death date and age|1934|6|2|1854|2|20}} |birth_place=Newark, New Jersey |death_place=New York City, New York |placeofburial=Saint Mary's Episcopal Churchyard, Portsmouth, Rhode Island |placeofburial_label=Place of burial |image=James Parker MoH.jpg |caption=James Parker, Medal of Honor recipient |nickname= |allegiance=United States of America |branch=United States Army |serviceyears=1876–1918 |rank=Major General |commands=32nd Infantry Division 85th Infantry Division |unit= |battles=Indian Wars Spanish–American War Philippine–American War World War I |awards=Medal of Honor Distinguished Service Medal Silver Star (3) |laterwork= |relations=MajGen Cortland Parker, U.S. Army – son; Commander James Parker, Jr., USN – son James Parker (art historian) – grandson}} James Parker (February 20, 1854 – June 2, 1934) was a major general in the United States Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his role in the Philippine–American War during 1899. His son, Cortlandt Parker, also became a major general in the United States Army. Early life and educationBorn in Newark, New Jersey on February 20, 1854, James Parker was educated at Newark Academy, Phillips Academy (Andover, Massachusetts) and Rutgers College, where he was admitted to the Zeta Psi fraternity. He graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York in 1876, 31st in a class of 50 cadets, and was appointed second lieutenant.[1] Military careerHe spent his early years serving in the Fourth United States Cavalry participating in the Indian Wars of the Southwest. His military career was influenced by the magnetic personality of the commander of the Fourth Cavalry, General Ranald S. Mackenzie, a legend for his success as a cavalry commander in the American Civil War. In May 1886, First Lieutenant Parker commanded one column of troops sent into Mexico to track down the famous Apache leader Geronimo and his band, and cooperated with Captain Henry W. Lawton and First Lieutenant Charles B. Gatewood when Geronimo was captured. Later, he served as second in command of the 12th New York Infantry in Cuba during the Spanish–American War and saw significant combat while commanding the 45th Volunteer Infantry in the Philippine–American War during 1899 where he earned the Medal of Honor. From 1903 to 1904, he also served as Head of Militia Affairs in the Adjutant General's office.[2] During the First World War, General Parker served as Commander of the Southern Department, Fort Sam Houston, Texas from 31 March 1917 to 25 August 1917; as Division Commander of the 32nd Division from 25 August to 11 December 1917; and as Division Commander of the 85th Division from 11 December 1917 to 20 February 1918, when, having reached the statutory age of 64, he was retired from active service.[3] Medal of Honor citationCitation:While in command of a small garrison repulsed a savage night attack by overwhelming numbers of the enemy, fighting at close quarters in the dark for several hours. DecorationsIn addition to the Medal of Honor, Major General Parker was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal and three Silver Stars for his service and battlefield exploits.[4] Full list of decorations and medals:
Civilian careerHe retired on February 20, 1934 and moved to Newport, Rhode Island.[5] Publications
Death and legacyParker died on June 2, 1934.[6] He is buried in Saint Mary's Episcopal Churchyard, Portsmouth, Rhode Island.[7] His papers are held by the United States Military Academy.[8] See also{{Portal|Biography|United States Army}}
Notes1. ^Parker, James. [https://books.google.com/books?id=xjO6_WptGLIC&pg=PR7&dq=%22james+parker%22+%22newark+academy%22 The Old Army: Memories 1872–1918"], p. vii., Stackpole Books, 2003. {{ISBN|0-8117-2897-8}}. Accessed July 21, 2011. "In 1864, James Parker began his schooling at Englewood Academy, Perth Amboy, New Jersey.... Parker, an intelligent individual, was well-educated, attending the Newark Academy; the well-regarded Phillips Academy of Andover, Massachusetts; and the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York." 2. ^{{cite book|last=Davis Jr.|first=Henry Blaine|title=Generals in Khaki|publisher=Pentland Press, Inc.|year= 1998 |ISBN= 1571970886|oclc=40298151|page=293}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Davis Jr.|first=Henry Blaine|title=Generals in Khaki|publisher=Pentland Press, Inc.|year= 1998|ISBN= 1571970886|oclc=40298151|page=293}} 4. ^{{cite web|accessdate=2007-11-24|url =http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/philippine.html |title= James Parker, Medal of Honor recipient |work=Philippine Insurrection |publisher= United States Army Center of Military History |date =}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Davis Jr.|first=Henry Blaine|title=Generals in Khaki|publisher=Pentland Press, Inc.|year= 1998|ISBN= 1571970886|oclc=40298151|page=293}} 6. ^{{cite book|last=Davis Jr.|first=Henry Blaine|title=Generals in Khaki|publisher=Pentland Press, Inc.|year= 1998|ISBN= 1571970886|oclc=40298151|page=293}} 7. ^{{Find a Grave|7158000|work=Claim to Fame: Medal of Honor recipients|accessdate=2007-11-24}} 8. ^Parker, James, Cortlandt Parker, and Richard Wayne Parker. James Parker papers. 1872. {{OCLC|7752392}} References
|accessdate=2007-11-24 |url = http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/philippine.html |title = James Parker, Medal of Honor recipient |work = Philippine Insurrection |publisher= United States Army Center of Military History |date =}}
|accessdate=2007-05-12 |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3905/is_200611/ai_n17193764 |title=Submarine Skipper: Commander James Parker, Jr. USN |work=Military Images |date=November–December 2006 |author=Harrower, Gordon}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Parker, James}} 14 : United States Army Medal of Honor recipients|Newark Academy alumni|Phillips Academy alumni|Recipients of the Silver Star|Rutgers University alumni|United States Army generals|United States Army generals of World War I|United States Military Academy alumni|Military personnel from Newark, New Jersey|1854 births|1934 deaths|Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (United States)|American military personnel of the Philippine–American War|Philippine–American War recipients of the Medal of Honor |
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