| 词条 | Jan Janssen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| name = Jan Janssen | image = Jan Janssen (28 juni 1967).jpg | caption = Jan Janssen in 1967 | fullname = Johannes Adrianus Janssen | nickname = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1940|5|19|df=yes}} | birth_place = Nootdorp, South Holland, Netherlands | currentteam = Retired | discipline = Road | role = Rider | ridertype = All rounder | amateuryears1 = | amateurteam1 = | proyears1 = 1962 | proteam1 = Locomotief–Vredestein | proyears2 = 1962–1968 | proteam2 = {{ct|Pelforth|1962}} | proyears3 = 1969–1971 | proteam3 = {{ct|Bic|1969}} | proyears4 = 1972 | proteam4 = {{ct|Flandria|1972}} | majorwins = Grand Tours Tour de France General classification (1968) Points classification (1964, 1965, 1967) 7 individual stages Vuelta a España General classification (1967) Points classification (1967, 1968) Stage Races3 individual stages Paris–Nice (1964) Ronde van Nederland (1965)Single-Day Races and Classics World Road Race Champion (1964) Bordeaux–Paris (1966) Paris–Roubaix (1967) Züri-Metzgete (1962) | medaltemplates ={{MedalCountry| the {{NED}} }}{{MedalSport| Men's road bicycle racing }}{{MedalCompetition|World Championships}}{{MedalGold |1964 Sallanches|Elite Men's Road Race}}{{MedalSilver |1967 Heerlen|Elite Men's Road Race}} }} Johannes Adrianus "Jan" Janssen ({{IPA-nl|jɑn jɑnsɛn|pron}}; born 19 May 1940) is a Dutch former professional cyclist (1962–1972). He was world champion and winner of the Tour de France and the Vuelta a España. He was the first Dutch rider to win the Tour de France and the first to win the Vuelta a España. He rode the Tour de France eight times and finished all but the first time. He won seven stages and wore the yellow jersey for two days (after stage 16 in 1966 and after stage 22B in 1968). He was easily spotted in the peloton because of his blond hair and his glasses. Early lifeJanssen was born at Nootdorp, a small town near The Hague and Delft, just five days after the Netherlands surrendered to the Nazis. He later moved to Putte, a village on the Belgian border between Roosendaal and Antwerp. He worked with his parents as a youth, digging the heavy ground of the western Netherlands to excavate foundations for the buildings the family firm erected. He joined the cycling club at Delft when he was 16 and as a novice won 25 races in two years.[1] CareerJanssen turned professional after an amateur career in which he won several Dutch classics and rode for the Netherlands in the Tour de l'Avenir, which was then open to amateurs and to independents, or semi-professionals. Janssen rode for French teams and is especially associated with Pelforth-BP, sponsored by a brewer and an oil company. His talent, authority, and command of French quickly established him as the team leader. At first he had a reputation as a sprinter{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}} but he quickly developed into a rider of multi-day races. He competed in the individual road race at the 1960 Summer Olympics.[2] He rode his first Tour de France in 1963, when he won a stage, but a crash forced him to retire. In 1964 he won Paris–Nice, then two stages and the green jersey of points leader in the Tour. Later that year he became world champion at Sallanches, in France. He wore the green jersey again in the Tour of 1965 and in 1966 came close to winning overall. But it was finally in 1968 that he became the first Dutchman to win the Tour de France, beating the Belgian, Herman Van Springel, by 38 seconds. That remained the smallest winning margin until 1989, when Greg LeMond won by only eight seconds ahead of Laurent Fignon. Janssen had not worn the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification in 1968 until he reached Paris at the end of the final stage, an individual time-trial. The Tour in 1968 was, like the previous year, for national teams rather than trade teams. The organisers resolved to "experiment" with national teams in a measure widely interpreted{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}} as revenge by the organiser, Félix Lévitan, on sponsors he thought had provoked a strike against drug tests the previous year. Putting into one team riders who the rest of the year rode for rival sponsors proved a problem and internal rivalries were said{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}} to divide the Dutch team more than most. Janssen had to overcome these internal problems to win. His victory in the orange jersey of the Netherlands rather than the blue, yellow and white of the Pelforth team made his first win for the Netherlands all the more popular at home.{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}} RetirementHe retired from racing, he says, after being left behind in the Tour of Luxembourg and being ashamed to hear his name listed on the race radio service among other also-rans.[3] "I knew then that I was Jan Janssen, winner of the Tour de France and the championship of the world and that it was time for me to stop", he says. He left the peloton to run a bicycle frame-building business in the south-western village of Putte, which is divided by the border with Belgium. That company still bears his name today.[4] His neighbours there included another world champion, Hennie Kuiper. Janssen continued to ride his bike in retirement as a member of the Zuid-West Hoek club. He continues to make personal appearances along with other Dutch riders of his era. He said he enjoyed being recognised while on training rides.[3] PersonalityThe Dutch race organiser Charles Ruys, who called Janssen a businesslike, honest and straightforward man, said: Anybody who tries to do something unpleasant to Jan, may it be in a race or a matter of money, has a very tough opponent. Like most successful bikies, Jan knows the value of money. So much so that he gives the impression that he is our Minister of Finance.[1] Views of modern racingJanssen spent most of his career with a French sponsor, profiting from the higher rate that the French franc enjoyed then against the guilder. But since then things have changed, he said. We had to be good all the time, from the first of February until the end of October. Because it was my duty to make the most of my sponsor's name, to get publicity. And if you had an off-day, well, you were letting your sponsors down. Now the whole sponsorship of sport has taken off. It has become so interesting to a company, because a company that wants to get its name known, you can buy a good team, with good management, good public relations, and you can get all the big names. I think, too, that the motivation has changed with the professionals as well. You get riders like Steven Rooks and Gert-Jan Theunisse saying that after the Tour they are stopping at home because they can't be bothered with criteriums, and that's not attractive for the public.[5] Career achievementsMajor results{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
1st Stage 13 Tour de l'Avenir
1st Züri-Metzgete 3rd Overall Tour de l'Avenir 1st Stage 1, 4 & 7 3rd Overall Olympia's Tour 1st Stage 4
1st Stage 2b (TTT) Tour de France 1st Stage 7 Tour de France 2nd Overall Grand Prix du Midi Libre 1st Stage 3 & 5
1st UCI World Road Race Championships Tour de France 1st Points classification 1st Stage 7 & 10a 1st Overall Paris–Nice
1st Points classification Tour de France 1st Stage 12 1st Overall Ronde van Nederland 1st Stage 3 1st Stage 7a Critérium du Dauphiné 1st Stage 1 Grand Prix du Midi Libre 1st Stage 4a Tour du Sud-Est
1st Bordeaux–Paris 1st Brabantse Pijl
1st Overall Super Prestige Pernod 1st Overall Vuelta a España 1st Points classification 1st Stage 1b 5th Overall Tour de France 1st Points classification 1st Stage 13 1st Paris–Roubaix
1st Overall Tour de France 1st Stage 14 & 22b 6th Overall Vuelta a España 1st Points classification 1st Stage 1a & 1b 1st Stage 5 Paris–Nice 1st Stage 5 Vuelta a Mallorca
1st Overall Vuelta a Mallorca 1st Stage 2 1st Stage 2 Critérium du Dauphiné 1st Stage 5 Paris–Nice 1st Grand Prix d'Isbergues
1st Stage 6 Paris–Nice 1st Stage 3a Vuelta Ciclista al País Vasco 1st Stage 2 Grand Prix du Midi Libre
1st Stage 2 Tour de Luxembourg{{div col end}} Grand Tour results timeline
See also
References1. ^1 "The world pro champion remembers Bill and Ben", Sporting Cyclist, 1964 2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ja/jan-janssen-1.html |title=Jan Janssen Olympic Results |accessdate=31 July 2014 |work=sports-reference.com |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141105053026/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ja/jan-janssen-1.html |archivedate= 5 November 2014 |df= }} 3. ^1 "There are no more hungry riders – says Janssen", Cycling, 8 February 1990 4. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.janjanssen.nl/index.php?p=Over%20ons#Historie| title = History: 1972| publisher = Jan Janssen Cycling| accessdate = 2013-07-22}} 5. ^"There are no more hungry riders" – says Janssen, Cycling, 8 February 1990 External links{{Commons category}}
16 : 1940 births|Living people|Dutch male cyclists|Tour de France winners|Vuelta a España winners|Dutch Tour de France stage winners|UCI Road World Champions (elite men)|Dutch Vuelta a España stage winners|People from Pijnacker-Nootdorp|Olympic cyclists of the Netherlands|Cyclists at the 1960 Summer Olympics|Vuelta a España cyclists|Tour de France cyclists|UCI Road World Championships cyclists for the Netherlands|Sportspeople from South Holland|Union Cycliste Internationale Hall of Fame inductees |
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