“Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER) is a medical school in India. It is located at Pondicherry, the capital of the union territory of Puducherry, in southern India. JIPMER is an Indian central government funded institute with autonomy^[3]^[4]^[5] to run its internal administration. JIPMER is both an educational institute that imparts undergraduate and postgraduate medical training and a working hospital that provides inexpensive medical care to a large number of patients. JIPMER is an institute of national importance and a tertiary care referral hospital that is under the direct administrative control of Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.

JIPMER is a residential medical institution with its own campus spread over {{convert|195|acre|km2}}. It has about 200 faculty and 360 resident physicians and over 3,000 nursing, administrative and support staff. Every year it admits 150 undergraduate students and 200 postgraduate students.

JIPMER has started the work of its second superspeciality block (SSB-II), JIPMER International School of Public-health. JIPMER is partnering with other institutions, including Harvard School of Public Health, to exchange faculty, educational tools, research and data on public health. JIPMER's tie-up with the Harvard School of Public Health is part of the larger MoU between the American medical school and the Indian ministry of health and family welfare.^[6]^[7]

The Telemedicine Services centre of JIPMER entered into collaboration with Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH), South Korea and has started using Trans-Eurasia Information Network (TEIN).Since, JIPMER is a Member of TEIN Network, the hospital can interact and share knowledge with European and Asian Countries.To begin with, on 15 February 2016 the personnel of JIPMER interacted over Video Conferencing using TEIN Network with Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH) South Korea. JIPMER thus became the first centre to use the Telemedicine services for the purpose. The Trans-Eurasia Information Network (TEIN) uses the ICT technologies to increase regional cooperation with Asian countries and to bridge the digital divide of less developed regions. It connects universities and research institutions with high capacity Internet network to increase the exchanges of knowledge among them and make big international research projects real.^[8]

History

JIPMER originated as École de Médicine de Pondichérry established by the French imperial government in India in the year 1823 to train French citizens in Pondichéry.^[10] It was one of the earliest institutions of tropical medicine and the teaching staff consisted of surgeons and doctors of the French navy and troupes colones. Students who were trained here were granted a diploma called Médicin Locale that allowed them to practice medicine in the colonial territories. Under the French, the college was located in the heart of the town of Pondicherry in the modified buildings of the high court, opposite Le place de Gaulle, which is now the Legislative Assembly Hall. In 1959, SE Le Comte Stanislas Ostrorog, Ambassadeur de France aux Indes, laid the foundation stone of the new medical college building that was located on the outskirts of the town and, in 1964, the college moved to its new campus at Gorimedu.

With the de jure transfer of Puducherry to India in 1956, the Government of India took over the college and renamed it simply Medical College, Pondicherry. For a short period, it was called the Dhanvantri Medical College and, on 13 July 1964, after Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru's death on 27 May 1964, it was again renamed to "Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research" (JIPMER) (on 13 July 1964).^[10] Today, the institution is universally known by the acronym JIPMER.

In 2008, JIPMER was declared as an Institution of National Importance by an act of Indian Parliament.^[11]

Campus

The campus of JIPMER lies at the western entrance of Pondicherry and spreads across {{convert|195|acre|km2}} of a picturesque hillock known locally as Gorimedu.

The campus contains the medical college, the old and new hospital blocks, the student and resident hostels, the staff quarters, a Kendriya Vidyalaya, a branch each of two nationalised banks, two ATM's, a post office, a temple, an auditorium - Dr APJ Abdul Kalam JIPMER Auditorium, playgrounds and sporting fields. Broad tree-lined roads crisscross the campus and the lush tropical vegetation forms a green canopy that hides most buildings on campus.

While the hospital section of the campus is typically crowded and busy, the residential part of the campus is quiet and idyllic, punctuated with small parks, hidden statues and secluded spots.

Organization

JIPMER is under the direct administrative control of Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.The institute is headed by the director as the chief executive charged with overall responsibility of running the institute and the hospital. The dean helps the director coordinate all academic activities of the institute including teaching and research. The Medical Superintendent helps the director coordinate all the hospital functions pertaining to patient care. There are 28 academic departments headed by professors. Ancillary hospital service units are supervised by respective technical heads.

Principals of Dhanvantri Medical College/JIPMER, Pondicherry

Directors of JIPMER

Rankings

JIPMER was ranked sixth among medical colleges in India in 2017 by Outlook India and fifth by The Week.

Regional Cancer Centre

The Department of Radiotherapy of JIPMER was converted to Regional Cancer Centre in 2002.^[12]

As of 2014, Regional Cancer Centre has two departments in its new block namely, Radiotherapy and Medical Oncology. Advanced radiation facilities ranging from 3D conformal radiation and IMRT to Image-guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT) are available. Basic Radiation facilities like 2D (Cobalt and LINAC), HDR brachytherapy are available free of cost to all cancer patients. Further, most commonly used high-cost chemotherapy drugs are also available free of cost. Recently Bone Marrow Transplantation is also being practiced in this Cancer Hospital.

RCC, JIPMER is the only hospital in the entire South India to provide free cancer treatment along with other advanced medical services like pulmonary medicine, nephrology, gastroenterology etc.^[13]

Academics

As an Institute of National Importance, JIPMER is not affiliated to any university and it awards its own degrees. (Earlier, the institute was affiliated to Pondicherry University.) It offers a number of medical and paramedical courses at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Admission to the courses are made on all-India basis and strictly on the basis of merit through entrance examinations.

The institute conducts research actively in modern medicine, public health and medical education. A research council at the institute level looks after the research activities and a scientific society provides a forum for presenting research work. Numerous conferences, workshops, seminars and training courses are conducted by the institute every year. Funds for research come from mural and extramural sources like the ICMR, UGC, DBT, WHO, etc. The faculty, the residents and the students publish research papers regularly in journals of national and international repute as well as present research abstracts at national and international conferences.

Courses

JIPMER offers a variety of courses. Undergraduate courses include MBBS, BSc (Medical Laboratory Technology), BSc( Allied Medical Sciences- Cardiac Lab Technology/Dialysis/Neuro/OT), BMRSc (Bachelor of Medical Record Science). BSc (Nursing) was started in 2006. Postgraduate courses include MD, MS, and diploma in many specialties, MSc in Nursing, Medical Biochemistry and Medical Physiology and PhD in several subjects. Super-specialty courses include MCh in cardiothoracic surgery, urology, neurosurgery, plastic surgery, paediatric surgery, gastro intestinal surgery and DM in Cardiology, Neurology, Nephrology, Neonatology, Clinical pharmacology and Immunology.On January 2014 JIPMER started master's in public health course. Emergency Medical Technician course MRO and MRT.

Admission

Candidates to the courses offered at JIPMER are selected based on an entrance examination. Entrance examinations are held once a year for undergraduate and twice a year for post-graduate; calls for applications are announced in all major newspapers in India as well as on the official website. The results of the entrance examinations and the names of selected candidates are published in the newspapers and on the official website.

MBBS course

JIPMER admits 150 students to the MBBS course once every year through an all-India entrance examination. Some seat are reserved for Puducherry natives and Central Government nominations. From 2016, JIPMER has started a new branch in Karaikal with 50 MBBS seats. From now JIPMER exam will be conducted for 200 MBBS seats.^[14] There are no seats available through AIPMT/NEET or AIIMS. The entrance examination is held once a year in June in Pondicherry, Chennai, Vijayawada, Hyderabad, Delhi, Kolkata, Thiruvananthapuram and other metropolitan cities for admission to the MBBS course that begins in July of the same year.

Postgraduate courses

Three-year postgraduate courses offered at JIPMER include MD in General Medicine, Radiation Oncology, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Pathology, Microbiology, Physiology, Pharmacology, Paediatrics, Anaesthesiology, Dermatology, Biochemistry, Community Medicine, TB & RD and Psychiatry and MS in General Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery, Ophthalmology, Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Anatomy. The entrance examination has been conducted twice a year for postgraduate courses in may and in November.

Three year super-specialty courses are offered in Medical ( DM) and Surgical ( MCh) specialties. They include Cardiology, Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Neurology, Neuro Surgery, Nephrology, Urology, Medical and Surgical Gastroenterology, Medical Oncology, Neonatology, Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Immunology.

PhD candidates are admitted to many departments like Public Health, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Immunology, Microbiology etc. Admissions are based on an entrance examination conducted once every year.

Other courses

BSc ( Medical Lab Technology) and BSc ( Allied Medical Sciences)- Cardiac Lab, Anesthesia, OT, Dialysis and Neuro - Technology courses) 3 year. Admissions are based on entrance exams.

MSc (Medical Biochemistry and Medical Physiology). Admissions are based on entrance exams.

Student life

The students union is the "JIPMER Students Association"^[15] (JSA). Representatives of the student body are elected annually in a campus-wide election. A similar, albeit smaller, body exists for the postgraduate students and residents and is called the JIPMER Resident Doctors’ Association^[16] (JRDA).

Alumni groups

JIPMER alumni, especially those who have graduate from the MBBS course, have formed several vibrant alumni communities and organizations.

Present status and events

The construction of Super-Specialty block, Regional Cancer Centre and Nursing College and Nursing hostel for ladies have been entirely completed^[18] and are fully functional.

Notable faculty