| 词条 | Jay Nixon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Jay Nixon |image = Jay Nixon 2016.jpg |order = 55th Governor of Missouri |lieutenant = Peter Kinder |term_start = January 12, 2009 |term_end = January 9, 2017 |predecessor = Matt Blunt |successor = Eric Greitens |office1 = 40th Missouri Attorney General |governor1 = Mel Carnahan Roger Wilson Bob Holden Matt Blunt |term_start1 = January 11, 1993 |term_end1 = January 12, 2009 |predecessor1 = William L. Webster |successor1 = Chris Koster |birth_name = Jeremiah Wilson Nixon |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1956|2|13}} |birth_place = De Soto, Missouri, U.S. |death_date = |death_place = |party = Democratic |spouse = Georganne Wheeler |children = 2 |education = University of Missouri (BA, JD) |signature = Jay Nixon Signature.png }}Jeremiah Wilson "Jay" Nixon (born February 13, 1956) is an American politician and lawyer who served as the 55th Governor of Missouri from 2009 to 2017 as a member of the Democratic Party. Nixon was first elected Governor in 2008 and re-elected in 2012. Prior to his governorship, he served as the state's 40th Attorney General from 1993 to 2009. After leaving public office he joined the Dowd Bennett law firm in St. Louis.[1] Early lifeJay Nixon grew up in De Soto, Missouri, where he was born. His mother, Betty Lea (née Willson), was a teacher and president of the local school board, and his father, Jeremiah "Jerry" Nixon, served as the city's mayor. One of his paternal three great-grandfathers, Abraham Jonas, was an early Jewish settler in Illinois and friend of former President Abraham Lincoln (one of Nixon's paternal great-grandmothers was Jewish, though Nixon is Methodist).[2] His great-great-grandfather Charles Henry Jonas was the brother of Democratic U.S. Senator Benjamin F. Jonas of Louisiana and another, James Oscar Nixon, was a brother of U.S. Representative John Thompson Nixon of New Jersey. Another paternal ancestor, John Inskeep, had served as Mayor of Philadelphia (from 1800—1801 and 1805—1806). Missouri State Senate (1987–1993)In 1986, after a period of private practice in his hometown, Jay Nixon was elected to the Missouri Senate from a district in Jefferson County, serving for two terms from 1987 to 1993.[3] Missouri Attorney General (1993–2009)AccomplishmentsAs the state's Attorney General, Nixon created the Environmental Protection Division to enforce Missouri's environmental laws. Attorneys in this division take legal action to stop the pollution of the state's air, water and soil and to look after Missouri's agricultural interests. Successful litigation by the division has resulted in the cleanup of polluted sites and millions of dollars awarded to the state. His aggressive actions in the Attorney General's Office earned him national recognition. Barrister magazine[4] named him one of the 20 outstanding young lawyers in the nation, and the Missouri Jaycees selected him one of Ten Outstanding Young Missourians. Prior to becoming Attorney General, he was recognized by the Conservation Federation of Missouri[5] for his environmental work as a state senator. In 2013, he joined with nine mayors to establish July 15 as Social Media Giving Day, encouraging citizens to support charities via social media.[6] ControversiesJay Nixon has overseen the state's involvement in the court settlements that ended mandatory urban busing in St. Louis and Kansas City's public schools.[7] The Missouri Information Analysis Center (MIAC) issued a report titled "The Modern Militia Movement" on February 20, 2009, informing the Missouri State Highway Patrol of several groups of people who could possibly be linked to domestic militia groups. According to the report, these groups included white Christians, supporters of third-party presidential candidates Ron Paul, Bob Barr, and Chuck Baldwin, as well as opponents of gun control, illegal immigration, abortion, the Federal Reserve System, and the Internal Revenue Service. Following a joint letter from Paul, Barr, and Baldwin condemning the report, Nixon and the MIAC issued an apology concerning the report and stated that it will no longer be displayed on any official state websites.[8] Governor of Missouri (2009–2017)Elections2008 election{{Main|2008 Missouri gubernatorial election}}Governor Matt Blunt announced on January 22, 2008 that he would not seek a second term. By the filing deadline on March 25, 2008, three Democratic and five Republican candidates had filed.[9] 2012 electionNixon defeated Republican Dave Spence to win a second term in 2012, running on a platform of fiscal responsibility and bipartisanship.[10] TenureAppointmentsFollowing the death of Tom Schweich, Gov. Nixon appointed Boone County Treasurer Nicole Galloway to the post of Missouri State Auditor in 2015.[11] Galloway later won a full term as Missouri State Auditor in the 2018 general election.[12] Following the defeat of Democratic U.S. Senator Claire McCaskill in the 2018 U.S. Senate election, Galloway remains the only female statewide elected official and the only Democrat in statewide office in Missouri.[13] BudgetThroughout his time in office, Nixon made budget restrictions to account for lower-than-expected revenues, or statutory changes affecting the budget. Upon taking office, Nixon "began cutting spending almost immediately and has made repeated reductions to the budgets passed by the Legislature in subsequent years."[14] In 2010, Nixon was called the state's budget "cutter-in-chief" by the Associated Press for his efforts to reduce spending and right-size state government.[15] Some of Nixon's budget restrictions drew criticism and in 2011 Missouri State Auditor Tom Schweich filed suit arguing that Nixon lacked the constitutional authority to restrict spending.[16] Schweich's lawsuit was dismissed by the Missouri Supreme Court in 2013 but the following year the Missouri General Assembly passed and voters approved Amendment 10, granting legislators the ability to overrule a governor's budget restrictions.[17] EconomyAfter taking office during the Great Recession, Nixon focused on creating jobs, investing in education and strengthening the state's economy while keeping the budget in balance.[18] From November 2015 to November 2016, Missouri added 57,100 jobs, more than all eight of its neighboring states.[19] Aiming to revitalize the state's automotive manufacturing industry, Nixon created an Automotive Jobs Task Force and in 2011 called a special session of the General Assembly to pass the Missouri Manufacturing Jobs Act. On October 21, 2011 Ford confirmed that it would make a $1.1 billion investment in its Kansas City Assembly Plant and add 1,600 jobs at the facility.[20] On November 4, 2011 General Motors announced plans for a $380 million investment in its Wentzville plant outside St. Louis.[21] The St. Louis Post Dispatch editorialized that "key to both Ford and GM agreeing to expand in the state were incentives championed in last year's Legislative special session by Gov. Jay Nixon, a Democrat, and the then-leaders of the House and Senate, Ron Richard and Charlie Shields, both Republicans."[22] EducationDuring his eight years in office, Nixon negotiated four tuition freezes for students at public higher education institutions.[23] Disaster responseNixon drew praise for his handling of natural disasters, including the state's response to the EF-5 tornado that struck Joplin on May 22, 2011.[24] The Associated Press in 2011 called him "a ubiquitous commander of disasters."[25] Public Defender System funding crisisOn August 2, 2016, Michael Barrett, director of the Missouri State Public Defender System called on Nixon to act as a public defender in a criminal assault case. Nixon's communications director, Scott Holste, questioned the authority of Barrett to do so.[26] The appointment followed a July 2016 legal action in which Barrett et al. challenge the constitutionality of restricting funds for indigent defense.[27] In an open letter to Nixon, Barrett cites Missouri Revised Statues Section 600.042.5(1)[28] as well as the 6th and 14th amendments to the United States Constitution as reason for the controversial action. Barrett blames Nixon for the underfunding and understaffing of the public defender system and chose to appoint him because he is "the one attorney in the state who not only created the problem, but is in a unique position to address it."[29] According to Barrett, the funding for "resources that assist with delivering legal services" have increased between 5 and 6% since 2009, while costs over the same period have increased 18%. The case load has increased over 12% in the past year.[30] According to a 2008 report by the National Legal Aid & Defender Association, Missouri ranks 49th in per capita legal aid spending.[31] Ruth Petsch, Jackson County Missouri's chief public defender, cites the lack funding for inadequate defense and 9 to 12 month delays in adjudication for indigent persons who often remain in jail and are unable to maintain active employment during that time.[32] Shooting of Michael Brown and Ferguson unrest{{Main||Shooting of Michael Brown|Ferguson unrest}}Gov. Nixon first turned over control of the town to the Missouri State Highway Patrol and later declared a state of emergency and implemented nightly curfews, later calling in the National Guard to help restore peace and order.[33][34] The unrest continued on November 24, 2014 after the police officer who shot Michael Brown was not indicted by a grand jury.[35][36] Personal lifeAfter leaving office Nixon moved to University City, Missouri with his wife Georganne. The couple have two adult sons, Jeremiah and Will, both named after their father Jay Nixon. He is a Methodist. Electoral historyAs Governor{{Election box begin |title=Missouri gubernatorial election, 2012[37]}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link| party = Democratic Party (United States) | candidate = Jay Nixon (incumbent) | votes = 1,485,147 | percentage = 54.68% | change = −3.71% }}{{Election box candidate with party link | party = Republican Party (United States) | candidate = Dave Spence | votes = 1,157,475 | percentage = 42.62% | change = +3.12% }}{{Election box candidate with party link | party = Libertarian Party (United States) | candidate = Jim Higgins | votes = 73,196 | percentage = 2.70% | change = +1.59% }}{{Election box end}}
|party = Democratic Party (United States) |candidate = Jay Nixon |votes = 1,680,611 |percentage = 58.40 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Republican Party (United States) |candidate = Kenny Hulshof |votes = 1,136,364 |percentage = 39.49 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Libertarian Party (United States) |candidate = Andy Finkenstadt |votes = 31,850 |percentage = 1.11 |change = - }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Constitution Party (United States) |candidate = Greg Thompson |votes = 28,941 |percentage = 1.01 |change = }}{{Election box end}}
As Attorney General{{Election box begin | title=Missouri Attorney General Election 2004}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link||party = Democratic Party (United States) |candidate = Jay Nixon (incumbent) |votes = 1,592,842 |percentage = 59.96 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Republican Party (United States) |candidate = Chris Byrd |votes = 1,000,503 |percentage = 37.66 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Libertarian Party (United States) |candidate = David R. Browning |votes = 43,538 |percentage = 1.64 |change = - }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Constitution Party (United States) |candidate = David Fry |votes = 19,802 |percentage = 0.75 |change = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=Missouri Attorney General Election 2000}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |party = Democratic Party (United States) |candidate = Jay Nixon (incumbent) |votes = 1,378,296 |percentage = 60.25 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Republican Party (United States) |candidate = Sam Jones |votes = 855,814 |percentage = 37.41 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Libertarian Party (United States) |candidate = Mitch Moore |votes = 53,363 |percentage = 2.33 |change = - }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=Missouri Attorney General Election 1996}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |party = Democratic Party (United States) |candidate = Jay Nixon (incumbent) |votes = 1,243,091 |percentage = 59.42 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Republican Party (United States) |candidate = Mark Bredemeier |votes = 767,962 |percentage = 36.71 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Constitution Party (United States) |candidate = Kimberly Lowe |votes = 81,074 |percentage = 3.88 |change = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=Missouri Attorney General Election 1992}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |party = Democratic Party (United States) |candidate = Jay Nixon |votes = 1,154,714 |percentage = 49.94 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Republican Party (United States) |candidate = David L. Steelman |votes = 1,064,814 |percentage = 46.05 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Libertarian Party (United States) |candidate = Mitchell J. Moore |votes = 92,576 |percentage = 4.00 |change = - }}{{Election box end}} U.S. Senate elections{{Election box begin | title=Missouri U.S. Senate Election 1998}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link||party = Republican Party (United States) |candidate = Kit Bond |votes = 830,625 |percentage = 52.68 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Democratic Party (United States) |candidate = Jay Nixon |votes = 690,208 |percentage = 43.77 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Libertarian Party (United States) |candidate = Tamara A. Millay |votes = 31,876 |percentage = 2.02 |change = - }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Constitution Party (United States) |candidate = David Fry |votes = 15,368 |percentage = 0.97 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Reform Party (United States) |candidate = James F. Newport |votes = 8,780 |percentage = 0.56 |change = }}{{Election box end}}
|party = Republican Party (United States) |candidate = John Danforth |votes = 1,407,416 |percentage = 67.70 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Democratic Party (United States) |candidate = Jay Nixon |votes = 660,045 |percentage = 31.75 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Libertarian Party (United States) |candidate = John Guze |votes = 11,410 |percentage = 0.55 |change = - }}{{Election box end}} References1. ^{{Cite news |url=https://www.kansascity.com/news/politics-government/article120179093.html|title=Missouri Gov. Jay Nixon accepts job with St. Louis-area law firm|work=kansascity|access-date=September 7, 2018}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nationaljournal.com/almanac/member/565 |title=Jay Nixon |publisher=Nationaljournal.com |date=February 13, 1956 |accessdate=April 1, 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://governor.mo.gov/about/Jay-Nixon.php |title=Biography of Missouri Governor Jay Nixon |publisher=Governor.mo.gov |date=November 4, 2008 |accessdate=September 16, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527084018/http://governor.mo.gov/about/Jay-Nixon.php |archivedate=May 27, 2010}} 4. ^{{cite web|last=Leonard |first=Scott |url=http://www.barristermagazine.com |title=Home |publisher=Barristermagazine.com |accessdate=April 1, 2015}} 5. ^ {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070721113449/http://www.confedmo.org/ |date=July 21, 2007 }} 6. ^{{cite web|author=Jason Falls|url=http://www.socialmediaexplorer.com/social-media-marketing/hey-put-your-twitter-where-your-mouth-is|title=Hey, Put Your Twitter Where Your Mouth Is|publisher=Socialmediaexplorer.com|accessdate=August 20, 2014}} 7. ^{{cite web |last=Keller |first=Rudi |url=http://www.semissourian.com/article/20080928/NEWS01/709289923 |title=Local News: Jay Nixon: A life in public service (09/28/08) |publisher=Semissourian.com |date=September 28, 2008 |accessdate=April 1, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080930103312/http://www.semissourian.com/article/20080928/NEWS01/709289923 |archivedate=September 30, 2008}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.kansascity.com/news/breaking_news/story/1108508.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090330215303/http://www.kansascity.com/news/breaking_news/story/1108508.html|archivedate=March 30, 2009|title=Nixon blames 'overzealousness' for militia report|publisher=Web.archive.org|accessdate=August 20, 2014}} 9. ^ {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210144309/http://www.sos.mo.gov/candidates/DisplayCandidatesPlacement.asp?vOffice=1GOVNR&vElection=P108 |date=February 10, 2012 }} 10. ^{{cite news|last1=Young|first1=Virginia|title=Nixon convinces Republican, rural voters to give him 2nd term |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/nixon-convinces-republican-rural-voters-to-give-him-nd-term/article_55e8aac5-d13b-5759-b387-2b20fbf814b9.html|accessdate=January 9, 2017|publisher=St. Louis Post Dispatch|date=November 7, 2012}} 11. ^{{cite web |last1=Hancock |first1=Jason |title=Boone County’s treasurer, Nicole Galloway, will become Missouri auditor |url=https://www.kansascity.com/news/local/news-columns-blogs/the-buzz/article18508898.html |website=The Kansas City Star |publisher=The Kansas City Star}} 12. ^{{cite web |last1=Fenske |first1=Sarah |title=Nicole Galloway Wins Missouri Auditor Race, a Lone Democrat in a Red State |url=https://www.riverfronttimes.com/newsblog/2018/11/07/nicole-galloway-wins-missouri-auditor-race-a-lone-democrat-in-an-red-state |website=Riverfront Times |publisher=Riverfront Times |accessdate=November 26, 2018}} 13. ^{{cite web |last1=Erickson |first1=Kurt |title=Democrat Galloway fends off GOP challenger in race for Missouri auditor |url=https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/democrat-galloway-fends-off-gop-challenger-in-race-for-missouri/article_fc252962-ceeb-54c8-a9f2-038eaf532c2b.html |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |publisher=Lee Enterprises |accessdate=November 26, 2018}} 14. ^{{cite news|title=Missouri Gov. Nixon's term marked by budget cuts, disasters|url=http://www.columbiamissourian.com/news/state_news/missouri-gov-nixon-s-term-marked-by-budget-cuts-disasters/article_801232f1-30fb-5000-aa4e-bade968c2072.html|accessdate=January 10, 2017|publisher=Associated Press|date=January 2, 2017}} 15. ^{{cite news|title=Analysis: Once a critic, Nixon now cutter-in-chief |url=http://www.joplinglobe.com/news/local_news/analysis-once-a-critic-nixon-now-cutter-in-chief/article_3efa7099-c1dd-5b2a-b7dd-64554a57cf2c.html|accessdate=January 10, 2017|publisher=Associated Press|date=May 24, 2010}} 16. ^{{cite news|title=Missouri Supreme Court rules for governor in budget battle|url=http://www.joplinglobe.com/news/missouri-supreme-court-rules-for-governor-in-budget-battle/article_c2b01f63-5868-507a-8147-1c8dd931b351.html|accessdate=January 10, 2017|publisher=Associated Press|date=October 1, 2013}} 17. ^{{cite news|last1=Boston|first1=Claire|title=Two ballot measures pass statewide, and two are defeated|url=http://www.columbiamissourian.com/news/state_news/two-ballot-measures-pass-statewide-and-two-are-defeated/article_ed213198-bed1-5a2a-b50c-d43916119494.html|accessdate=January 10, 2017|publisher=Columbia Missouriran|date=November 9, 2014}} 18. ^{{cite news|last1=Denney|first1=Andrew|title=Nixon address focuses on education, jobs |url=http://www.themaneater.com/stories/2009/1/27/nixon-addresses-higher-education-jobs-state-state/|accessdate=January 9, 2017 |publisher=The Maneater|date=January 27, 2009}} 19. ^{{cite news |title=In new jobs, state excels|url=http://www.emissourian.com/opinion/editorials/in-new-jobs-state-excels/article_02696422-d285-11e6-9079-031e4c9d6ba0.html|accessdate=January 9, 2017|publisher=Washington Missourian|date=January 5, 2017}} 20. ^{{cite news|title=Ford Confirms Increased Investment in Kansas City Plant For Transit Commercial Van Production, New Stamping Facility |url=https://media.ford.com/content/fordmedia/fna/us/en/news/2011/10/21/ford-confirms-increased-investment-in-kansas-city-plant-for-tran.pdf|accessdate=January 10, 2017|publisher=Ford Motor Company|date=October 21, 2011}} 21. ^{{cite news|last1=Carson |first1=David |title=GM announces $380 million investment at Wentzville assembly plant|url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/multimedia/gm-announces-million-investment-at-wentzville-assembly-plant/image_71dc5d23-a7dd-5d6c-8771-a5f8b7588f77.html|publisher=St. Louis Post Dispatch |date=November 4, 2011}} 22. ^{{cite news|title=Editorial: More good news for Missouri from automotive industry |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/opinion/columns/the-platform/editorial-more-good-news-for-missouri-from-automotive-industry/article_2af3f2bc-480f-5902-ae45-b1dd62a21ca8.html|accessdate=January 10, 2017|publisher=St. Louis Post Dispatch|date=October 8, 2011}} 23. ^{{cite news|last1=Keller|first1=Rudi|title=Nixon proposes 6 percent funding increase, tuition freeze for higher education |url=http://www.columbiatribune.com/news/politics/nixon-proposes-percent-funding-increase-tuition-freeze-for-higher-education/article_1db73aaa-bc84-51c5-a656-ee1f35a1bfe8.html|accessdate=January 10, 2017|publisher=Columbia Daily Tribune|date=September 22, 2015}} 24. ^{{cite news|last1=Kraske|first1=Steve|title=Missouri governor, Jay Nixon, drawing praise for handling disasters|url=http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/article24653578.html#ixzz1Q7m7G8pA|accessdate=January 9, 2017|publisher=Kansas City Star|date=June 10, 2011}} 25. ^{{cite news|title=Gov. Jay Nixon Ubiquitous as Disaster Commander|url=http://www.emissourian.com/news/state/gov-jay-nixon-ubiquitous-as-disaster-commander/article_e17a6792-9abe-11e0-b0c3-001cc4c03286.html|accessdate=January 9, 2017|agency=Associated Press|date=June 19, 2011}} 26. ^{{cite news|last=Reilly|first=Katie|date=August 13, 2016|title=Missouri’s Governor Cut Funding to the State’s Public Defenders. So They Assigned Him a Case|publisher=Time|url=http://time.com/4439083/missouri-public-defender-governor-jay-nixon/|accessdate=August 13, 2016}} 27. ^{{cite news|last=Barrett|first=Michael|date=July 13, 2016|title=Public Defender Files Legal Challenge to Governor’s Withhold Actions|publisher=Missouri State Public Defender, Office of the Director |url=http://publicdefender.mo.gov/Newsfeed/20160713_PDFilesLegalChallenge.html|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 28. ^{{cite web|date=July 13, 2016 |title=Missouri Revised Statutes|chapter=600, Public Defenders|publisher=Missouri General Assembly|url=http://www.moga.mo.gov/mostatutes/stathtml/60000000421.html|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 29. ^{{cite web|last=Barrett|first=Michael|date=August 2, 2016|title=Letter to the Honorable Jay Nixon|publisher=Missouri State Public Defender, Office of the Director |url=http://publicdefender.mo.gov/Newsfeed/Delegation_of_Representation.PDF|accessdate=August 13, 2016}} 30. ^{{cite news |last=Barrett|first=Michael|date=August 9, 2016|title=Public Defender Response to Governor’s Comments|publisher=Missouri State Public Defender, Office of the Director|url=http://publicdefender.mo.gov/Newsfeed/Press_Release-8-9-16.pdf|accessdate=August 13, 2016}} 31. ^{{cite news|last=Wallace|first=Jo-Ann|date=June 2008|title=A Race to the Bottom: Evaluation: Trial-Level Indigent Defense Systems In Michigan|publisher=National Legal Aid & Defender Association|url=http://www.mynlada.org/michigan/michigan_report.pdf |accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 32. ^{{cite news|last=Martin|first=Luke X.|date=August 11, 2016|title=Missouri's Top Public Defender Doubles Down On Jay Nixon's Assignment |publisher=KCUR Public Radio|url=http://kcur.org/post/missouris-top-public-defender-doubles-down-jay-nixons-assignment |accessdate=August 13, 2016}} 33. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/08/14/ferguson-militarized-police/14064675/ |title=Police in Ferguson ignite debate about military tactics |work=USA Today |date=August 19, 2014 |accessdate=April 1, 2015}} 34. ^{{cite web|last=Gibbons |first=Thomas |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2014/08/14/military-veterans-see-deeply-flawed-police-response-in-ferguson/ |title=Military veterans see deeply flawed police response in Ferguson |work=The Washington Post |date=August 14, 2014 |accessdate=April 1, 2015}} 35. ^{{cite news|author1=Davey, Monica |author2=Julie Bosman |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/25/us/ferguson-darren-wilson-shooting-michael-brown-grand-jury.html|title=Protests Flare After Ferguson Police Officer Is Not Indicted|newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 24, 2014|accessdate=April 1, 2015}} 36. ^{{cite web|last=Harlan |first=Chico |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/ferguson-takes-stock-after-rage-over-grand-jury-decision/2014/11/25/ef06c696-7493-11e4-bd1b-03009bd3e984_story.html |title=After a night of violence in Ferguson, Nixon moves to prevent more destruction |work=The Washington Post |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=April 1, 2015}} 37. ^ {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121115072604/http://enr.sos.mo.gov/ENR/Views/TabularData.aspx?TabView=StateRaces%5EFederal+%2F+Statewide+Races%5E011656688155 |date=November 15, 2012 }} External links{{Commons}}
(Class 1)|years=1988}}{{s-aft|after=Alan Wheat}} |-{{s-bef|before=Geri Rothman-Serot}}{{s-ttl|title=Democratic nominee for U.S. Senator from Missouri (Class 3)|years=1998}}{{s-aft|after=Nancy Farmer}} |-{{s-bef|before=Claire McCaskill}}{{s-ttl|title=Democratic nominee for Governor of Missouri|years=2008, 2012}}{{s-aft|after=Chris Koster}} |-{{s-legal}}{{s-bef|before=William Webster}}{{s-ttl|title=Attorney General of Missouri|years=1993–2009}}{{s-aft|after=Chris Koster}} |-{{s-off}}{{s-bef|before=Matt Blunt}}{{s-ttl|title=Governor of Missouri|years=2009–2017}}{{s-aft|after=Eric Greitens}}{{s-end}}{{Governors of Missouri}}{{MOAttorneysGeneral}}{{2014 Ferguson unrest}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Nixon, Jay}} 13 : 1956 births|21st-century American politicians|American Methodists|American people of English-Jewish descent|Democratic Party state governors of the United States|Distinguished Eagle Scouts|Governors of Missouri|Living people|Missouri Attorneys General|Missouri Democrats|Missouri state senators|People from De Soto, Missouri|University of Missouri alumni |
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