| 词条 | Jian dui | |||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Jian dui | image = Zin Deoi.jpg | image_size = 200px | caption = | alternate_name = matuan, sesame ball, buchi | country = Chang'an (now Xi'an), Tang dynasty China, and Mojokerto, Indonesia | region = Chinese-speaking areas, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Japan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, India | creator = | course = Pastry | served = | main_ingredient = glutinous rice flour, sesame seeds, various fillings (lotus seed, black bean, red bean pastes) | variations = | calories = | other = }}{{Chinese | c=煎堆 | l=fried pile | p=jiānduī | bpmf=ㄐㄧㄢ ㄉㄨㄟ | mi={{IPA-cmn|tɕjɛ́ntwéi|}} | y=jīndēui | j=zin1deoi1 | sl=jin1deui1 | ci={{IPA-yue|jíːntɵ́y|}} | poj=tsuann-tui | altname=Sesame ball | c2=芝麻球 | l2=sesame ball | p2=zhīmáqiú | bpmf2=ㄓ ˙ㄇㄚ ㄑㄧㄡˊ | mi2={{IPA-cmn|ʈʂímǎtɕʰjǒu|}} | y2=jīmàkàu | j2=zi1maa4kau4 | sl2=ji1ma4kau4 | ci2={{IPA-yue|tsíːmȁːkʰɐ̏u|}} | altname3=Matuan | t3=麻糰 | s3=麻团 | l3=sesame rice dough | p3=mátuán | bpmf3=ㄇㄚˊ ㄊㄨㄢˊ | mi3={{IPA-cmn|mǎtʰwǎn|}} | poj3=mâ-thn̂g | y3=màtyùn | j3=maa4tyun4 | sl3=ma4tuen4 | ci3={{IPA-yue|mȁːtʰy̏ːn|}} | showflag=py }}Jian dui ({{zh|c=煎堆|p=jiānduī|cy=jīndēui|l=fried pile}}) is a type of fried Chinese pastry made from glutinous rice flour. The pastry is coated with sesame seeds on the outside and is crisp and chewy. Inside the pastry is a large hollow, caused by the expansion of the dough. The hollow of the pastry is filled with a filling usually consisting of lotus paste, or alternatively sweet black bean paste, or less commonly red bean paste. They are also sometimes referred to as sesame balls ({{zh|c=芝麻球|p=zhīmáqíu|cy=jīmàkàu}}).[1] Depending on the region and cultural area, jian dui is known as matuan (麻糰) in northern China, ma yuan (麻圆) in northeast China, and zhen dai (珍袋) in Hainan. In American Chinese restaurants and pastry shops, they are known as sesame seed balls.[2] OriginThe origins of jian dui can be traced back to the Tang dynasty as a palace food in Chang'an, known as lüdui (碌堆). This food item was also recalled in a poem by the Tang poet Wang Fanzhi. With the southward migration of many peoples from central China, the jian dui was brought along and hence became part of southern Chinese cuisine. RegionalHong KongIn Hong Kong, it is one of the most standard pastries. It can also be found in most Chinatown bakery shops overseas.[3] India and Sri LankaIn Tamil Nadu and northeast Sri Lanka, it is known as ellu urundai or ellurundai (எள்ளுருண்டை), the local word meaning sesame ball. It is made in different sizes and colors. It is usually filled with sesame seeds, jaggery, sugar, or glucose syrup.[4] IndonesiaIn Indonesian cuisine, it is called onde-onde, filled with sweetened mung bean paste. People usually eat it as snack. This pastry is also popular and widely available in Indo (Eurasian), Indonesian and Vietnamese outlets in the Netherlands. JapanIn Japan, it is known as {{nihongo||ごま団子|goma dango|sesame dumpling}}. It is often sold at street fairs, in Chinese districts, and at various restaurants. KoreaIn Korea, it is called chamkkaegyeongdan({{lang|ko|참깨경단}}, "sesame rice ball cake"), or jungguksik chamkkaegyeongdan({{lang|ko|중국식 참깨경단}}, "Chinese-style sesame rice ball cake") to avoid confusion with Korean-style sesame rice ball cake (gyeongdan) with sesame coating. As the Chinese jian dui is first coated with sesame seeds then deep-fried, while the Korean gyeongdan is first steamed then coated with toasted sesame seeds, jian dui is also called twigin chamkkaegyeongdan({{lang|ko|튀긴 참깨경단}}, "deep-fried sesame rice ball cake"). MalaysiaIt is known as kuih bom, which is usually filled with shredded sweetened coconut, or nuts. Occasionally, it may be filled with red bean paste. Among the mainly Hakka-speaking ethnic Chinese in the state of Sabah, jian dui is more commonly known as you chi. PhilippinesIn the Philippines, jian dui is called butsi (Spanish: buchi). Due to hundreds of years of Chinese settlement in the Philippines, the integration of Chinese cuisine (particularly Cantonese and Fujian) to local dishes has made buchi quite popular. To an extent, it has already been considered an icon of Chinese Filipino culinary tradition, sometimes associated with auspiciousness. As it is well-known among ethnic Chinese and other Filipinos alike, local restaurants which are sometimes not even Chinese and fastfood chains such as Chowking[5][6] have added the delicacy to the menu. Aside from the usual lotus and red bean paste, non-Chinese and indigenous ingredients have also been used for variety such as ube-flavored butsi.[7] Unlike jian dui, Filipino buchi and derivates (like mache, masi, moche, and palitaw) can also be boiled or steamed in addition to being deep fried. VietnamIn Vietnam, two very similar dishes are called bánh cam (from southern Vietnam) and bánh rán (from northern Vietnam), both of which have a somewhat drier filling that is made from sweetened mung bean paste.[8] Bánh rán is scented with jasmine flower essence (called mali in Thai).photo Bánh rán can be sweet or savory. The sweet one is filled with mung bean. The savory one is filled with chopped meat, cassava vermicelli, mushroom, and a variety of other typically Vietnamese ingredients. It is usually served with vegetable and dipping sauce. GallerySee also
References{{Commons|Sesame ball}}1. ^Misty, Littlewood and Mark Littlewood, 2008 Gateways to Beijing: a travel guide to Beijing {{ISBN|981-4222-12-7}}, pp. 52. {{Cantonese cuisine}}{{Glutinous rice dishes}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Jian Dui}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://chinesefood.about.com/library/blmenutransdimsum.htm|title=Dim Sum Menu Translator – Chinese Cuisine|accessdate=2009-12-01}} 3. ^{{Cite web |url=http://en.radio86.com/chinese-food/chinese-ingredients-glutinous-rice |title=Sesame Balls |publisher=Ching He Huang |access-date=2010-11-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715150320/http://en.radio86.com/chinese-food/chinese-ingredients-glutinous-rice |archive-date=2011-07-15 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.loveisinmytummy.com/2011/09/ellurundai.html | title=Ellurundai - Sweet Sesame Balls | accessdate=9 September 2015}} 5. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20110708151533/http://www.chowking.com/matitikman/?item=40] 6. ^ 7. ^ 8. ^pwmf blogspot 6 : Cantonese cuisine|Cantonese words and phrases|Chinese bakery products|Dim sum|Glutinous rice dishes|Hong Kong cuisine |
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