| 释义 |
- Phonetics and Phonology Consonants Tones
- See also
- References
- External links
{{Infobox language
|name=Jinan dialect
|nativename=濟南話
|states=Urban Jinan in the People's Republic of China
|region=Northeastern China
|speakers=?
|familycolor=Sino-Tibetan
|fam2=Chinese
|fam3=Mandarin
|fam4=Ji-Lu Mandarin
|isoexception=dialect
|glotto=jina1245
|glottorefname=Jinan Mandarin
|notice=IPA
}}Jinan dialect ({{zh|t=濟南話|s=济南话|p= jǐnánhuà}}) is a Mandarin Chinese dialect spoken in Jinan in Shandong province. Phonetics and PhonologyConsonants Consonants of the Jinan dialect| | Labial | Alveolar | Alveolo-palatal | Retroflex | Velar | | Nasal | m}} | n}} | ɲ}} | | ŋ}} |
|---|
| Plosive | voiceless unaspirated | p}} | t}} | | | k}} |
|---|
| voiceless aspirated | pʰ}} | tʰ}} | | | kʰ}} |
|---|
| Affricate | voiceless unaspirated | | ts}} | tɕ}} | tʂ}} | |
|---|
| voiceless aspirated | | tsʰ}} | tɕʰ}} | tʂʰ}} | |
|---|
| Fricative | voiced | | | | ʐ}} |
|---|
| voiceless | f}} | s}} | ɕ}} | ʂ}} | x}} |
|---|
| Approximant | | l}} | | |
|---|
Tones Tone chart of the Jinan dialect| Tone number | Tone name | Tone contour | Description |
|---|
| 1 | yin ping (陰平) | ˨˩˧}} (213) | dipping |
|---|
| 2 | yang ping (陽平) | ˥}} (5) | high |
|---|
| 3 | shang sheng (上聲) | ˨˦}} (24) | rising |
|---|
| 4 | qu sheng (去聲) | ˨˩}} (21) | low |
|---|
See alsoReferences- Běijīng dàxué zhōngguóyǔyánwénxuéxì yǔyánxué jiàoyánshì. (1989) Hànyǔ fāngyīn zìhuì. Běijīng: Wénzìgǎigé chūbǎnshè.(北京大學中國語言文學系語言學教研室. 1989. 漢語方音字匯. 北京: 文字改革出版社)
- Norman, Jerry. [1988] (2002). Chinese. Cambridge, England: CUP {{ISBN|0-521-29653-6}}
- Yuán, jiāhuá (1989). Hànyǔ fāngyán gàiyào (An introduction to Chinese dialects). Beijing, China: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎnshè. (袁家驊. 1989. 漢語方言概要. 北京:文字改革出版社.)
External links- Cantonese and other dialects (in Chinese)
- Classification of Jilu Dialects from Glossika
{{Chinese language}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Jinan Dialect}}{{st-lang-stub}} 2 : Mandarin Chinese|Jinan |