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词条 Jin-class submarine
释义

  1. Background

  2. Description

  3. Noise

  4. Type 094A

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}{{Infobox ship image{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=Ship caption=Profile of the Type 094
}}
Ship image=Ship caption= Type 094 submarine
}}{{Infobox ship class overview		Name= Type 094 (Jin class)Builders=Bohai Shipyard, Huludao, ChinaCHN}}Class before=Type 092 (Xia class)Class after=Type 096 (Tang class)Subclasses=Cost= $750 million per unit[1]Built range=In service range=In commission range= 2007–present[2]Total ships building=Total ships planned=8 (projected)[3]Total ships completed=Total ships cancelled=Total ships active=4[4]Total ships laid up=Total ships lost=Total ships retired=Total ships preserved=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Ship class=Ship type=Ballistic missile submarineShip displacement= 11,000 tons submerged.[5]135|m|ftin|abbr=on}}[6]12.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}}Ship height=Ship draught=Ship draft=Ship depth=Ship hold depth=Ship decks=Ship deck clearance=Ship ramps=Ship ice class=Ship power=Ship propulsion=Nuclear reactor, 1 shaftShip speed=Ship range=UnlimitedShip endurance=Ship test depth=Ship complement=Ship crew=Ship time to activate=Ship sensors=Ship EW=Ship armament= Missiles: 12 JL-2 SLBMShip armour=Ship armor=Ship aircraft=Ship aircraft facilities=Ship notes=
}}

The Type 094 ({{zh|s=09-IV型核潜艇|t=09-IV型核潛艇}}; Chinese designation: 09-IV; NATO reporting name: Jin class) is a class of ballistic missile submarine developed by China for the People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force. The Type 094 succeeds the Type 092 submarine.

Background

The Type 094 was first spotted in 2006 on commercial satellite imagery of the Xiaopingdao Submarine Base. It was noted as being longer than the Type 092.[6] Two Type 094s were spotted at the Bohai Shipyard in May 2007, although it was not clear if these included the one spotted in 2006.[7]

One was operational in 2010,[2] three in 2013,[10] and four in 2015.[4] As many as eight may enter service by 2020.[3]

The PRC is interested in augmenting its ICBM forces with SSBNs to enhance its comprehensive nuclear deterrent force.[8] Nuclear deterrent patrols commenced in December 2015.[9]

Description

The Type 094 is armed with 12 JL-2 SLBMs, each with an estimated range of {{convert|7400|km|mi|abbr=on}}.[10][11] According to Global Security, the missile reportedly can carry 3 to 4 (MIRV) nuclear warheads.[12] The Type 094 and JL-2 will give China "its first credible sea-based nuclear strike capability."[13]

Globalsecurity.org notes that a Type 094 patrolling just northeast of the Kuril Islands would be able to strike three-quarters of the contiguous United States;[14] whereas launching from Chinese coastal waters would barely reach the Aleutian Islands.[15] Thomas-Noone and Medcalf note that the Type 094's noisiness would make it difficult for it to reach and maintain patrol areas where it could strike at the contiguous United States; no such limitations would exist against Indian targets.[16]

Noise

In 2009, USN ONI listed the Type 094 as being slightly noisier than Project 667BDR (NATO reporting name Delta III) from the late-1970s,[17] some of which were in service through 2015 with the Russian navy.[18]

Type 094A

The Type 094A is a variant with a modified and improved sail. The sail appears to incorporate features from one installed on a modified Type 093.[19]

See also

  • List of submarine classes in service

References

1. ^Till, G. (Ed.), Chan, J. (Ed.). (2014). Naval Modernisation in South-East Asia. London: Routledge. [https://books.google.ca/books?id=_bNtAAAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA23#v=onepage&q&f=false Page 23].
2. ^1 {{Cite report |author=United States Department of Defense |authorlink=United States Department of Defense |title=Annual Report To Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2010 |url=http://www.defense.gov/pubs/pdfs/2010_CMPR_Final.pdf |pages=3 (pp12 of PDF) |accessdate=21 April 2015}}
3. ^1 {{cite web |last1=Fisher |first1=Richard D, Jr. |url=http://www.janes.com/article/50761/us-upgrades-assessment-of-china-s-type-094-ssbn-fleet |title=US upgrades assessment of China's Type 094 SSBN fleet |website=IHS Jane's 360 |date=19 April 2015 |accessdate=5 October 2015}}
4. ^1 {{Cite report |author=United States Office of Naval Intelligence |authorlink=Office of Naval Intelligence |title=The PLA Navy: New Capabilities and Missions for the 21st Century |url=http://www.oni.navy.mil/Intelligence_Community/china_media/2015_PLA_NAVY_PUB_Print.pdf |pages=20 |accessdate=21 April 2015}}
5. ^{{cite web |url=http://news.usni.org/2014/06/09/chinese-weapons-worry-pentagon |title=Chinese Weapons That Worry the Pentagon |last=LaGrone |first=Sam |last2=Majumdar |first2=Dave|website=usni.org |date=9 June 2014 |accessdate=29 November 2017}}
6. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://fas.org/blogs/security/2007/07/new_chinese_ballistic_missile/ |title=New Chinese Ballistic Missile Submarine Spotted |last=Kristensen |first=Hans M. |date=5 July 2007 |website=fas.org |publisher=Federation of American Scientists |access-date=21 April 2015}}
7. ^{{cite web |url=https://fas.org/blogs/security/2007/10/two_more_chinese_ssbns_spotted/ |title=Two More Chinese SSBNs Spotted |last=Kristensen |first=Hans M. |date=4 October 2007 |website=fas.org |publisher=Federation of American Scientists |access-date=21 April 2015}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://chinapower.csis.org/ssbn/|title=Does China have an effective sea-based nuclear deterrent?|publisher=ChinaPowerCSIS}}
9. ^{{Cite journal|last=Fisher|first=Richard D., Jr.|title=China advances sea- and land-based nuclear deterrent capabilities|journal=Jane's Defence Weekly|volume=53|issue=6|date=16 December 2015|publisher=Jane's Information Group|location=Surrey, UK|issn=0265-3818}}
10. ^1 {{Cite report |author=United States Department of Defense |authorlink=United States Department of Defense |date=May 2013 |title=Annual Report To Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2013 |url=http://www.defense.gov/pubs/2013_China_Report_FINAL.pdf |pages=6 (pp14 of PDF) |accessdate=24 January 2015}}
11. ^{{Cite report |author=National Air and Space Intelligence Center |authorlink=National Air and Space Intelligence Center |date=2013 |title=Ballistic & Cruise Missile Threat |url=http://www.25af.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-130710-054.pdf |page=25 |accessdate=21 April 2015}}
12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/jl-2.htm |title=JL-2 (CSS-NX-14) |website=globalsecurity.org |accessdate=29 November 2017}}
13. ^{{Cite journal | title= Military Power of the People's Republic of China 2009 |url=http://www.defense.gov/Portals/1/Documents/pubs/China_Military_Power_Report_2009.pdf | publisher=Office of the Secretary of Defense |page=48 (pp60 of PDF)}}
14. ^{{cite web |editor-last1=Pike |editor-first1=John |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/type_94.htm |title=Type 094 Jin-class Ballistic Missile Submarine |website=globalsecurity.org |date=20 January 2015 |accessdate=5 October 2015}}
15. ^{{cite web |editor1-last=Pike |editor1-first=John |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/china/jl-2.htm |title=JL-2 (CSS-NX-14) |website=globalsecurity.org |date=20 March 2014 |accessdate=5 October 2015}}
16. ^{{Cite report |last1=Thomas-Noone |first1=Brendan |last2=Medcalf |first2=Rory |date=September 2015 |title=Nuclear-armed submarines in Indo-Pacific Asia: Stabiliser or menace? |url=http://www.lowyinstitute.org/files/nuclear-armed-submarines-in-indo-pacific-asia-stabiliser-or-menace_0.pdf |publisher= Lowy Institute for International Policy|accessdate=5 October 2015 |page=6 (pp8 of PDF)}}
17. ^{{Cite report |author=Office of Naval Intelligence |authorlink=Office of Naval Intelligence |date=August 2009 |title=The People's Liberation Army Navy, A Modern Navy with Chinese Characteristics |url=https://fas.org/irp/agency/oni/pla-navy.pdf |accessdate=24 January 2015 |page=22 (pp25 of PDF)}}
18. ^{{cite web |last1=Novichkov |first1=Nikolai |url=http://www.janes.com/article/53643/russia-s-new-maritime-doctrine |title=Russia's new maritime doctrine |website=IHS Jane's 360 |date=13 August 2015 |accessdate=5 October 2015}}
19. ^{{cite web |last1=Fisher |first1=Richard D, Jr. |url=http://www.janes.com/article/62282/images-show-possible-new-variant-of-china-s-type-094-ssbn |title=Images show possible new variant of China's Type 094 SSBN |website=IHS Jane's 360 |date=15 July 2016 |accessdate=22 November 2016}}

External links

  • 094 ballistic missile submarine (in Chinese)
{{commonscat|Type 09IV submarines}}{{Ship classes of the Chinese Navy|state=collapsed}}{{SSBN classes in service|state=collapsed}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Type 094 submarine}}

7 : Type 094 submarines|Submarine classes|Ballistic missile submarines|Active naval ships of China|Nuclear-powered submarines|2000s ships|Nuclear submarines of the Chinese Navy
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