| 词条 | Jinhua | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = {{raise|0.2em|Jinhua}} |official_name = |other_name = |native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|金华市}}}}}} |nickname = |settlement_type =Prefecture-level city |total_type = |motto = |image_skyline = Jinhuamontage.jpg |imagesize = 250px |image_caption = Clockwise from top: Bridging Tea House in Jinhua Architecture Park, Jinhua Railway Station, Jinhua City 1, Jinhua City 2 |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=7}} |image_map1 = ChinaZhejiangJinhua.png |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = Location of Jinhua City jurisdiction in Zhejiang |image_dot_map = |pushpin_map = |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = People's Republic of China |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Zhejiang |subdivision_type2 = County-level divisions |subdivision_name2 = 9 |subdivision_type3 = Township-level divisions |subdivision_name3 = 191 |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |seat_type = Municipal seat |seat = |parts_type = |parts_style = |p1 = |p2 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title =Party Secretary |leader_name =Zhao Guangjun ({{lang|zh-hans|赵光军}}) |leader_title1 =Mayor |leader_name1 =Ji Junmin ({{lang|zh-hans|暨军民}}) |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title1 = |established_date1 = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |founder = |named_for = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 10926.16 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 =2049.5 |area_metro_km2 =2049.5 |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |elevation_max_m = |elevation_max_ft = |elevation_min_m = |elevation_min_ft = |population_as_of =2010 census[2] |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total =5361572 |population_density_km2 =auto |population_metro =1077245 |population_density_metro_km2 =auto |population_urban =1077245 |population_density_urban_km2 =auto |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |timezone = China Standard |utc_offset = +8 |coordinates = {{coord|29.079|N|119.647|E|type:adm2nd_region:CN-33_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}} |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code =579 |iso_code = CN-ZJ-07 |blank_name =GDP |blank_info =¥270 billion |blank1_name =GDP per capita (2012) |blank1_info =¥50,072 (CNY) $7,932 (USD) |blank2_name =License Plate Prefix |blank2_info ={{lang|zh-cn|浙G}} |blank3_name = |blank3_info = |website = |footnotes = City Flower Camellia }}{{Infobox Chinese | pic = Jinhua (Chinese characters).svg | piccap = "Jinhua" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters | picsize = 125px | t = 金華 | s = 金华 | l = "Golden Flourishing" | p = Jīnhuá | mi = {{IPAc-cmn|j|in|1|.|h|ua|2}} | w = Chin1-hua4 | order = st }}{{stack end}} {{Audio|Jin1hua2.ogg|Jinhua}}, formerly romanized as Kinhwa, is a prefecture-level city in central Zhejiang province in eastern China. It borders the provincial capital of Hangzhou to the northwest, Quzhou to the southwest, Lishui to the south, Taizhou to the east, and Shaoxing to the northeast. Its population was 5,361,572 at the 2010 census including 1,077,245 in the built-up area made of two urban districts (not including the satellite city of Lanxi, which has become essentially a suburban offshoot of Jinhua's main urban area). Jinhua is rich in red soil and forest resources. The Jinhua or Wu River flows through the Lan and Fuchun to the Qiantang River beside Hangzhou, which flows into Hangzhou Bay and the East China Sea. In medieval China, it formed part of the water network feeding supplies to the southern end of the Grand Canal. It is best known for its dry-cured Jinhua ham. History and cultureThe history of Jinhua dates back to the 2nd century BC, when it was a county subordinate to Shaoxing. It was given the name Jinhua under the Sui dynasty in AD 598 and later became the seat of a prefecture. The present city and its walls date to the Yuan dynasty in 1352. The most famous native of Jinhua is Huang Chuping, a Daoist holy man of the 4th century and reputed immortal whose descendants still live in the area. Wuyang Shan ("Reclining Sheep Mountain") is said to be a sheep which was turned to stone by Huang, a trick which he learned through his years of diligently studying Daoism.{{citation needed|date=February 2018}} Economically Jinhua has always prospered from its position as the regional collecting and processing center for agricultural and forestry products (chiefly rice and bamboo). It is currently the second most important grain producing area in Zhejiang. In 1985 Jinhua was promoted to City status, and now is responsible for administering four cities, four counties and a district. Animals raised there include dairy cattle, meat hogs (for the production of Jinhua ham, a famous local product for 900 years) and honeybees. Jinhua's industrial sector has developed more recently, producing machinery, metallurgy, pharmaceuticals, building supplies and electrical and electronic equipment. The Tang dynasty painter Guan Xiu[3] (Kuan-hsiu) was born in Jinhua. He is known for his paintings of Buddhist holy men. There are numerous scenic and historical sites in the Jinhua region, including many places associated with the Immortal Huang, and a palace of the Dukes of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. GeographyJinhua is located at latitudes 28° 32'−29° 41' N and longitudes 119° 14'−120° 46' E in the center of Zhejiang. It borders Hangzhou to the northwest, Quzhou to the southwest, Lishui to the south, Taizhou to the east, and Shaoxing to the northeast. ClimateJinhua has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) with four distinctive seasons, characterised by hot, humid summers and chilly, cloudy and drier winters (with occasional snow). The mean annual temperature is {{convert|17.33|°C|1}}, with monthly daily averages ranging from {{convert|5.2|°C|1}} in January to {{convert|29.0|°C}} in July. The city receives an average annual rainfall of {{convert|1450|mm|1}} and is affected by the plum rains of the Asian monsoon in June, when average relative humidity also peaks. {{Weather box|width=auto|metric first=y |single line=y |location = Jinhua (1971−2000) |Jan record high C = 24.3 |Feb record high C = 27.4 |Mar record high C = 32.6 |Apr record high C = 32.9 |May record high C = 36.4 |Jun record high C = 37.5 |Jul record high C = 40.5 |Aug record high C = 39.3 |Sep record high C = 39.6 |Oct record high C = 35.3 |Nov record high C = 31.3 |Dec record high C = 23.8 |year record high C = | Jan high C = 9.1 | Feb high C = 10.9 | Mar high C = 14.8 | Apr high C = 21.7 | May high C = 26.5 | Jun high C = 29.2 | Jul high C = 33.8 | Aug high C = 33.5 | Sep high C = 28.5 | Oct high C = 23.6 | Nov high C = 17.9 | Dec high C = 12.3 |Jan mean C = 5.2 |Feb mean C = 6.8 |Mar mean C = 10.7 |Apr mean C = 17.1 |May mean C = 21.8 |Jun mean C = 25.1 |Jul mean C = 29.0 |Aug mean C = 28.6 |Sep mean C = 24.1 |Oct mean C = 18.9 |Nov mean C = 13.2 |Dec mean C = 7.4 |year mean C = 17.3 | Jan low C = 2.2 | Feb low C = 3.7 | Mar low C = 7.3 | Apr low C = 13.3 | May low C = 18.2 | Jun low C = 21.9 | Jul low C = 25.3 | Aug low C = 24.9 | Sep low C = 20.8 | Oct low C = 15.3 | Nov low C = 9.4 | Dec low C = 3.8 |Jan record low C = -9.6 |Feb record low C = -8.9 |Mar record low C = -1.6 |Apr record low C = 0.6 |May record low C = 8.7 |Jun record low C = 13.3 |Jul record low C = 18.8 |Aug record low C = 18.6 |Sep record low C = 13.1 |Oct record low C = 2.4 |Nov record low C = -2.7 |Dec record low C = -6.8 |year high C = 21.8 |year low C = 13.8 |year high F = 71.3 |year low F = 56.9 |precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation mm = 71.5 | Feb precipitation mm = 91.6 | Mar precipitation mm = 160.1 | Apr precipitation mm = 168.9 | May precipitation mm = 186.6 | Jun precipitation mm = 258.5 | Jul precipitation mm = 129.5 | Aug precipitation mm = 109.1 | Sep precipitation mm = 103.1 | Oct precipitation mm = 68.9 | Nov precipitation mm = 55.9 | Dec precipitation mm = 47.9 |unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm | Jan precipitation days = 13.4 | Feb precipitation days = 14.5 | Mar precipitation days = 18.5 | Apr precipitation days = 17.1 | May precipitation days = 16.1 | Jun precipitation days = 16.5 | Jul precipitation days = 12.4 | Aug precipitation days = 11.9 | Sep precipitation days = 11.2 | Oct precipitation days = 9.6 | Nov precipitation days = 8.2 | Dec precipitation days = 8.6 |year precipitation days =158.0 |source 1 = Weather China |date=February 2012}} Administrative divisionsThe prefecture-level city of Jinhua administers 9 county-level divisions, including 2 districts, 4 county-level cities and 3 counties.
These are further divided into 191 township-level divisions, including 107 towns, 73 townships and 11 subdistricts. EconomyJinhua has a rather flexible economic system with distinctive economic characteristics in different areas. 90% of enterprises are in and about 88% of its GDP are from private sector.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} IndustryJinhua enjoys an advanced civilian-owned economy, with its industry mainly supported by processing and manufacturing. Leading industries of the city include clothing and textile, mechanics and electronics, pharmacy and chemistry, manufacturing crafts, metalwork processing architecture and building materials, automobile-and-motorcycle accessories, food processing, and plastic ware.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} Industries are distributed with different characteristics in different counties or county-level cities. For instance, Yiwu is characterized by its light-industry commodities, Yongkang by its automobile-and-motorcycle accessories and mechanical and electric tools, Dongyang by its clothing, architecture and magnetic materials, the Jinhua Proper by its pharmacy, construction materials and industrial measures, Lanxi by its non-ferrous metal, cement, towels and daily chemicals, and Pujiang by its textile, lockmaking, and lantern ornaments of crystals.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} HandicraftsTraditional handicrafts have been flourishing in Jinhua. The wood carving and bamboo weaving in Dongyang, the straw plaiting, lace purling and crystals carving in Pujiang, and the hardware crafts in Yongkang, all enjoy a long history of development and the products sell well both abroad and at home.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} TransportationMain Railway station: Jinhua Railway StationJinhua South Railway StationYiwu Railway StationJinhua enjoys convenient transportation, being the communications center in southeast China between coastal and inland areas. It is one of the major hubs of landway transportation in the country. The Zhejiang-Jiangxi, Jinhua-Wenzhou and Jinhua-Qiandaohu railways intersect in the city. The Hangzhou-Jinhua-Quzhou Expressway, the Jinhua-Lishui-Wenzhou Expressway, the No. 330 and 320 National Highways, and other provincial highroads traverse the area. The city aggregation around Jinhua Proper has formed a "Half-an-Hour's-Ride Economic Circle", there being merely a 90-minute and a 3-hour journey driving from the city to Hangzhou and Shanghai respectively. Yiwu Airport offers airlines destined for Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Xiamen, Qingdao, and Hong Kong. LandmarksJinhua Architecture Park, a collection of 17 pavilions designed by Chinese and international architects, set on the banks of the Yiwu River. China's Wuju opera theatre，mainly for opera, ballet, drama, concerts, variety show comprehensive cultural facilities, is one of the landmark building of jinhua city. It is located in Jinhua city east city south street, west of bing rainbow Jin Huajiang north of east road, yiwu, jiang Wu Yijiang sanjiang interchange Dovetail State Park area References1. ^ 2. ^http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-zhejiang-admin.php 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://web.whittier.edu/academic/english/Chinese/Guanxiu.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-04-15 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526160219/http://web.whittier.edu/academic/english/Chinese/Guanxiu.htm |archivedate=2011-05-26 |df= }} External links
2 : Cities in Zhejiang|Jinhua |
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