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词条 JIS X 0201
释义

  1. Implementation details

  2. Codepage layout

  3. Variants and extensions

     Shift JIS  IBM's implementations  Others 

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Short description|Japanese single byte character encoding}}{{Infobox character encoding
| image = JIS-C-6220.svg
| caption = JIS X 0201 8-bit code page
| name = JIS X 0201
| _nomimecode = 1
| mime = 8-bit: JIS_X0201
7-bit Roman: JIS_C6220-1969-ro
7-bit Kana: JIS_C6220-1969-jp
| alias = JIS C 6220
8-bit: csHalfWidthKatakana
Roman: ISO646-JP, iso-ir-14
Kana: iso-ir-13, x0201-7
| standard = JIS X 0201:1969
| lang = Japanese (basic support), English
| status =
| classification = ISO 646, Extended ISO 646
| prev = Wabun code
| next = Shift JIS
| otherrelated = N-byte Hangul code
}}

JIS X 0201, a Japanese Industrial Standard developed in 1969 (then called JIS C 6220 until the JIS category reform), was the first Japanese electronic character set to become widely used. It is either 7-bit encoding or 8-bit encoding, although 8-bit encoding is dominant for modern use. The full name of this standard is 7-bit and 8-bit coded character sets for information interchange ({{lang|ja|7ビット及び8ビットの情報交換用符号化文字集合}}).

The first 96 codes comprise an ISO 646 variant, mostly following ASCII with some differences, while the second 96 character codes represent the phonetic Japanese katakana signs. Since the encoding does not provide any way to express hiragana or kanji, it is only capable of expressing simplified written Japanese. Nevertheless, it is possible to express, at least phonetically, the full range of sounds in the language. In the 1980s, this was acceptable for media such as text mode computer terminals, telegrams, receipts or other electronically handled data.

JIS X 0201 was supplanted by subsequent encodings such as Shift JIS (which combines this standard and JIS X 0208) and later Unicode.

Implementation details

The first half (Roman set) of JIS X 0201 constitutes a Japanese variant of ISO 646, amounting to ASCII with backslash (\\) and tilde (~) replaced by yen (¥) and overline (‾),[1] while the second half (Kana set) consists mainly of katakana. Control characters are specified in JIS X 0211.

In the 7-bit format, the shift out control character (0x0E) switches to the Kana set and shift in (0x0F) switches to the Roman set.[2][3] In the 8-bit format, given in the chart below, bytes with the most significant bit set (i.e. 0x80–0xFF) are used for the Kana set and bytes with it unset (i.e. 0x00–0x7F) are used otherwise.

Names used specifically for the 7-bit Roman set include "JISCII",[4] "JIS Roman",[5] "ISO646-JP",[6][7] "JIS C6220-1969-ro",[7][6] "Japanese-Roman",[8] "Japan 7-Bit Latin",[9] and "ISO-IR-14",[6][7][3] whereas names used specifically for the 7-bit Kana set include "ISO-IR-13",[2][6][7] "JIS C6220-1969-jp"[6][7] and "x0201-7".[6][7]

The substitution of the yen symbol for backslash can make paths on DOS and Windows-based computers with Japanese support display strangely, like "C:¥Program Files¥", for example.[10] Another similar problem is C programming language's control characters of string literals, like printf("Hello, world.¥n");.

Codepage layout

{{chset-table-header|JIS X 0201 (8-bit)}}
0_
0
1_
16
2_
32		{{chset-ctrl|0020|SP|32}}{{chset-cell|0021|!|33}}{{chset-cell|0022|"|34}}{{chset-cell|0023|#|35}}{{chset-cell|0024|$|36}}{{chset-cell|0025|%|37}}{{chset-cell|0026|&|38}}{{chset-cell|0027|'|39}}{{chset-cell|0028|(|40}}{{chset-cell|0029|)|41}}{{chset-cell|002A|*|42}}{{chset-cell|002B|+|43}}{{chset-cell|002C|,|44}}{{chset-cell|002D|-|45}}{{chset-cell|002E|.|46}}{{chset-cell|002F|/|47}}
3_
48		{{chset-cell|0030|0|48}}{{chset-cell|0031|1|49}}{{chset-cell|0032|2|50}}{{chset-cell|0033|3|51}}{{chset-cell|0034|4|52}}{{chset-cell|0035|5|53}}{{chset-cell|0036|6|54}}{{chset-cell|0037|7|55}}{{chset-cell|0038|8|56}}{{chset-cell|0039|9|57}}{{chset-cell|003A|:|58}}{{chset-cell|003B|;|59}}{{chset-cell|003C|<|60}}{{chset-cell|003D|=|61}}{{chset-cell|003E|>|62}}{{chset-cell|003F|?|63}}
4_
64		{{chset-cell|0040|@|64}}{{chset-cell|0041|A|65}}{{chset-cell|0042|B|66}}{{chset-cell|0043|C|67}}{{chset-cell|0044|D|68}}{{chset-cell|0045|E|69}}{{chset-cell|0046|F|70}}{{chset-cell|0047|G|71}}{{chset-cell|0048|H|72}}{{chset-cell|0049|I|73}}{{chset-cell|004A|J|74}}{{chset-cell|004B|K|75}}{{chset-cell|004C|L|76}}{{chset-cell|004D|M|77}}{{chset-cell|004E|N|78}}{{chset-cell|004F|O|79}}
5_
80		{{chset-cell|0050|P|80}}{{chset-cell|0051|Q|81}}{{chset-cell|0052|R|82}}{{chset-cell|0053|S|83}}{{chset-cell|0054|T|84}}{{chset-cell|0055|U|85}}{{chset-cell|0056|V|86}}{{chset-cell|0057|W|87}}{{chset-cell|0058|X|88}}{{chset-cell|0059|Y|89}}{{chset-cell|005A|Z|90}}{{chset-cell|005B|[|91}}{{chset-cell|00A5|¥|92}}{{chset-cell|005D|]|93}}{{chset-cell|005E|^|94}}{{chset-cell|005F|_|95}}
6_
96		{{chset-cell|0060|`|96}}{{chset-cell|0061|a|97}}{{chset-cell|0062|b|98}}{{chset-cell|0063|c|99}}{{chset-cell|0064|d|100}}{{chset-cell|0065|e|101}}{{chset-cell|0066|f|102}}{{chset-cell|0067|g|103}}{{chset-cell|0068|h|104}}{{chset-cell|0069|i|105}}{{chset-cell|006A|j|106}}{{chset-cell|006B|k|107}}{{chset-cell|006C|l|108}}{{chset-cell|006D|m|109}}{{chset-cell|006E|n|110}}{{chset-cell|006F|o|111}}
7_
112		{{chset-cell|0070|p|112}}{{chset-cell|0071|q|113}}{{chset-cell|0072|r|114}}{{chset-cell|0073|s|115}}{{chset-cell|0074|t|116}}{{chset-cell|0075|u|117}}{{chset-cell|0076|v|118}}{{chset-cell|0077|w|119}}{{chset-cell|0078|x|120}}{{chset-cell|0079|y|121}}{{chset-cell|007A|z|122}}{{chset-cell|007B|{|123}}{{chset-cell|007C|||124}}{{chset-cell|007D|}|125}}{{chset-cell|203E|‾|126}}
8_
128
9_
144
A_
160		{{chset-cell|FF61|｡|161}}{{chset-cell|FF62|｢|162}}{{chset-cell|FF63|｣|163}}{{chset-cell|FF64|､|164}}{{chset-cell|FF65|･|165}}{{chset-cell|FF66|ｦ|166}}{{chset-cell|FF67|ｧ|167}}{{chset-cell|FF68|ｨ|168}}{{chset-cell|FF69|ｩ|169}}{{chset-cell|FF6A|ｪ|170}}{{chset-cell|FF6B|ｫ|171}}{{chset-cell|FF6C|ｬ|172}}{{chset-cell|FF6D|ｭ|173}}{{chset-cell|FF6E|ｮ|174}}{{chset-cell|FF6F|ｯ|175}}
B_
176		{{chset-cell|FF70|ｰ|176}}{{chset-cell|FF71|ｱ|177}}{{chset-cell|FF72|ｲ|178}}{{chset-cell|FF73|ｳ|179}}{{chset-cell|FF74|ｴ|180}}{{chset-cell|FF75|ｵ|181}}{{chset-cell|FF76|ｶ|182}}{{chset-cell|FF77|ｷ|183}}{{chset-cell|FF78|ｸ|184}}{{chset-cell|FF79|ｹ|185}}{{chset-cell|FF7A|ｺ|186}}{{chset-cell|FF7B|ｻ|187}}{{chset-cell|FF7C|ｼ|188}}{{chset-cell|FF7D|ｽ|189}}{{chset-cell|FF7E|ｾ|190}}{{chset-cell|FF7F|ｿ|191}}
C_
192		{{chset-cell|FF80|ﾀ|192}}{{chset-cell|FF81|ﾁ|193}}{{chset-cell|FF82|ﾂ|194}}{{chset-cell|FF83|ﾃ|195}}{{chset-cell|FF84|ﾄ|196}}{{chset-cell|FF85|ﾅ|197}}{{chset-cell|FF86|ﾆ|198}}{{chset-cell|FF87|ﾇ|199}}{{chset-cell|FF88|ﾈ|200}}{{chset-cell|FF89|ﾉ|201}}{{chset-cell|FF8A|ﾊ|202}}{{chset-cell|FF8B|ﾋ|203}}{{chset-cell|FF8C|ﾌ|204}}{{chset-cell|FF8D|ﾍ|205}}{{chset-cell|FF8E|ﾎ|206}}{{chset-cell|FF8F|ﾏ|207}}
D_
208		{{chset-cell|FF90|ﾐ|208}}{{chset-cell|FF91|ﾑ|209}}{{chset-cell|FF92|ﾒ|210}}{{chset-cell|FF93|ﾓ|211}}{{chset-cell|FF94|ﾔ|212}}{{chset-cell|FF95|ﾕ|213}}{{chset-cell|FF96|ﾖ|214}}{{chset-cell|FF97|ﾗ|215}}{{chset-cell|FF98|ﾘ|216}}{{chset-cell|FF99|ﾙ|217}}{{chset-cell|FF9A|ﾚ|218}}{{chset-cell|FF9B|ﾛ|219}}{{chset-cell|FF9C|ﾜ|220}}{{chset-cell|FF9D|ﾝ|221}}{{chset-cell|FF9E|ﾞ|222}}{{chset-cell|FF9F|ﾟ|223}}
E_
224
F_
240

Variants and extensions

Shift JIS

{{main|Shift JIS}}

IBM's implementations

Code page 897 is IBM's implementation of the 8-bit form of JIS X 0201. It includes several additional graphical characters in the C0 control characters area, and the code points in question may be used as control characters or graphical characters depending on the context,[11] similarly in concept to OEM-US, but with different graphical characters. The C0 rows are shown below.

{{chset-table-header|Code page 897, rows 0x00 and 0x10 only{{refn|1=Graphics are listed per CP00897.pdf and CP00897.txt provided by IBM.[12][13] Controls are listed, in absence of graphical function or where they differ from ASCII, per the ibm-943_P130-1999 codec provided by IBM to International Components for Unicode[14] (IBM-943 is a Code page 897 superset).[15] SUB is assigned to 0x7F.}}}}
0_
0		{{chset-ctrl|0000|NUL|0|000}}{{chset-cell|2554|╔|1|001}}{{chset-cell|2557|╗|2|002}}{{chset-cell|255A|╚|3|003}}{{chset-cell|255D|╝|4|004}}{{chset-cell|2551|║|5|005}}{{chset-cell|2550|═|6|006}}{{chset-cell|FFEC|￬|7|007}}{{chset-ctrl|0008|BS|8|010}}{{chset-cell|FFEE|￮|9|011}}{{chset-ctrl|000A|LF|10|012}}{{chset-cell|303F|〿|11|013}}{{chset-ctrl|000C|FF|12|014}}{{chset-ctrl|000D|CR|13|015}}{{chset-cell|FFED|￭|14|016}}{{chset-cell|263C|☼|15|017}}
1_
16		{{chset-cell|256C|╬|16|020}}{{chset-ctrl|0011|DC1|17|021}}{{chset-cell|2195|↕|18|022}}{{chset-ctrl|0013|DC3|19|023}}{{chset-cell|2593|▓|20|024}}{{chset-cell|2569|╩|21|025}}{{chset-cell|2566|╦|22|026}}{{chset-cell|2563|╣|23|027}}{{chset-ctrl|0018|CAN|24|030}}{{chset-cell|2560|╠|25|031}}{{chset-cell|2591/001C|░/{{sc2|FS}}|26|032}}{{chset-cell|21B5|↵|27|033}}{{chset-cell|FFEA/007F|￪/{{sc2|DEL}}|28|034}}{{chset-cell|FFE8|￨|29|035}}{{chset-cell|FFEB|￫|30|036}}{{chset-cell|FFE9|￩|31|037}}

IBM also implements the 7-bit Roman set of JIS X 0201 as Code page 895[16] and the 7-bit Kana set as Code page 896 for use as ISO 2022 or EUC-JP code-sets. Code page 896, in addition to standard JIS X 0201 assignments, defines five additional assignments, shown below.[29] Although use of these extended characters is not permitted by the associated CCSID 896,[17] they are permitted by the alternative CCSID 4992.[18]

{{chset-table-header|Code page 896, row 0x60 only[19]}}
6_
96		{{chset-cell|00A2|¢|96}}{{chset-cell|00A3|£|97}}{{chset-cell|00AC|¬|98}}{{chset-cell|005C|\\|99}}{{chset-cell|007E|~|100}}

IBM's Code page 1041 is an extended version of Code page 897, encoding these five IBM extended[20] characters in alternative locations which are compatible with Shift JIS (respectively 0x80, 0xA0, 0xFD, 0xFE and 0xFF).[21]

{{anchor|Code page 903}}IBM's Code page 903 is encoded for use as the single byte component of certain simplified Chinese character encodings.[22] Despite this, it follows ISO 646-JP / the Roman half of JIS X 0201, in that it replaces the ASCII backslash 0x5C (rather than the ASCII dollar sign 0x24 as in GB 1988 / ISO 646-CN) with the yen/yuan sign. It also uses the same C0 replacement graphics as code page 897.[23] It is closely related to {{anchor|Code page 904}}Code page 904, which is encoded for use as the single byte component of certain traditional Chinese character encodings,[24][25] and uses the same C0 replacement graphics, but follows ASCII.[26]

Others

References

1. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.opengroup.or.jp:80/jvc/cde/ucs-conv-e.html#ch3_1_1 | title=3.1.1 Details of Problems | publisher=The Open Group Japan | work=Problems and Solutions for Unicode and User/Vendor Defined Characters | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19990203115405/http://www.opengroup.or.jp:80/jvc/cde/ucs-conv-e.html#ch3_1_1 | archivedate=1999-02-03 | dead-url=yes}}
2. ^1 {{citation|url=https://www.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/iso-ir/013.pdf |title=ISO-IR 013: The Japanese KATAKANA graphic set of characters |publisher=Information Technology Standards Commission of Japan (ITSCJ/IPSJ)}}
3. ^1 {{citation|url=https://www.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/iso-ir/014.pdf |title=ISO-IR 014: The Japanese Roman graphic set of characters |publisher=Information Technology Standards Commission of Japan (ITSCJ/IPSJ)}}
4. ^{{citation | url=https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/en/ssw_aix_71/com.ibm.aix.nlsgdrf/ibm-943_ibm-932.htm | title=IBM-943 and IBM-932 | publisher=IBM | work=IBM Knowledge Center}}
5. ^{{citation |url=https://developer.apple.com/documentation/coreservices/1433493-conversion_masks/kunicodeforceasciirangemask?language=objc | title=kUnicodeForceASCIIRangeMask | work=Apple Developer Documentation |publisher=Apple Inc}}
6. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{IETF RFC|1345}}
7. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web | url=https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets/character-sets.xhtml | publisher=IANA | title=Character Sets}}
8. ^{{citation |url=http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/csetnames.html |title=Kermit and MIME Character-Set Names |last=da Cruz |first=Frank |date=2010-04-02 |work=Kermit Project |publisher=Columbia University}}
9. ^{{citation| url=https://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/cp/cp00895.html | work=IBM Globalization — Code page identifiers | title=CP 00895 | publisher=IBM}}
10. ^{{cite web | title=When is a backslash not a backslash? | date=2005-09-17 | author=Kaplan, Michael S. | url=http://archives.miloush.net/michkap/archive/2005/09/17/469941.html}}
11. ^{{cite web | url=http://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/cp/cp00897.html | title=Code page identifiers - CP 00897 | publisher=IBM | work=IBM Globalization | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317053427/http://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/cp/cp00897.html | archive-date=2016-03-17 | dead-url=yes}}
12. ^{{cite web | url=ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP00897.pdf | title=CP00897.pdf | publisher=IBM | archive-date=2019-01-12 | dead-url=no | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/75NZfzPbT}}
13. ^{{cite web | url=ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP00897.txt | title=CP00897.txt | publisher=IBM | archive-date=2019-01-12 | dead-url=no | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/75NZsweMG}}
14. ^{{cite web | url=http://demo.icu-project.org/icu-bin/convexp?conv=ibm-943_P130-1999 | title = Converter Explorer - ibm-943_P130-1999 | work = ICU Demonstration | publisher = International Components for Unicode}}
15. ^{{cite web | url=http://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/ccsid/ccsid943.html | title=Coded character set identifiers - CCSID 943 | publisher=IBM | work=IBM Globalization | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315110642/http://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/ccsid/ccsid943.html | archive-date=2016-03-15}}
16. ^{{cite web | url=ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP00895.pdf | title=CP00895.pdf | publisher=IBM | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6vXnSxUwh | archive-date=2017-12-07 | dead-url=no}}
17. ^{{cite web | url=https://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/ccsid/ccsid896.html | title=Coded character set identifiers - CCSID 896 | publisher=IBM | work=IBM Globalization | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160326215214/http://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/ccsid/ccsid896.html | archive-date=2016-03-26 | dead-url=yes}}
18. ^{{cite web | url=https://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/ccsid/ccsid4992.html | title=Coded character set identifiers - CCSID 4992 | publisher=IBM | work=IBM Globalization | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160327022259/http://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/ccsid/ccsid4992.html | archive-date=2016-03-27 | dead-url=yes}}
19. ^1 {{cite web | url=ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP00896.pdf | title=CP00896.pdf | publisher=IBM | archive-date=2019-01-12 | dead-url=no | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/75NZxgK6Z}}
20. ^{{citation| mode=cs1 | url=ftp://public.dhe.ibm.com/as400/products/clientaccess/win32/files/globalization/Japanese_EUC.pdf | chapter=11.2 - IBM Extended SBCS Set | title=IBM Japanese Graphic Character Set for Extended UNIX Code (EUC) | pages=315 | publisher=IBM | archive-date=2019-01-12 | dead-url=no | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/75NaP3Muy}}
21. ^{{cite web | url=ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP01041.pdf | title=CP01041.pdf | publisher=IBM | archive-date=2019-01-12 | dead-url=no | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/75Na1CCYn}}
22. ^{{cite web | url=https://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/cp/cp00903.html | title=Code page identifiers - CP 903 | publisher=IBM | work=IBM Globalization | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317081123/http://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/cp/cp00903.html | archive-date=2016-03-17 | dead-url=yes}}
23. ^{{cite web | url=ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP00903.pdf | title=CP00903.pdf | publisher=IBM | archive-date=2019-01-12 | dead-url=no | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/75Na3LmCZ}}
24. ^{{cite web | url=https://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/cp/cp00904.html | title=Code page identifiers - CP 904 | publisher=IBM | work=IBM Globalization}}{{dead link|fix-attempted=yes|date=January 2019}}
25. ^{{cite web | url=http://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/ccsid/ccsid904.html | title=Coded character set identifiers - CCSID 904 | publisher=IBM | work=IBM Globalization |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160327035829/http://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/ccsid/ccsid904.html |archive-date=2016-03-27 |dead-url=yes}}
26. ^{{cite web | url=ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP00904.pdf | title=CP00904.pdf | publisher=IBM | archive-date=2019-01-12 | dead-url=no | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/75Na5Zwrl}}

External links

  • Diagram of JIS X 0201 (as 7-bit code sets)
{{character encoding}}

3 : Encodings of Japanese|JIS standards|Computer-related introductions in 1969
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