| 词条 | JM cloche |
| 释义 |
The JM cloche is an element of the Maginot Line. It is a non-retractable non-rotating cupola of steel alloy like GFM cloches, but are armed with twin heavy machine guns, as opposed to the lighter automatic rifles associated with the GFM. There are 179 JM cloches on the Maginot Line. JM is an acronym for Jumelage de Mitrailleuses (twin machine guns). [1] While the MAC 31 heavy machine guns were of the same caliber (7.5mm) as the GFM guns, they had a longer practical range {{convert|1200|m|ft}} and a maximum range of {{convert|4900|m|ft}}, with a 500 round per minute rate of fire.[2] DescriptionThe JM cloche closely resembles the GFM cloche in size and construction. It exists in three versions, all designed Model 1930: small, large and two-man. JM cloches had a single firing port, which was flanked on either side by trapezoidal observation ports. The blank rear was frequently backed by a concrete-covered embankment, which provided additional cover and reduced the prominence of the cloche.[1] AM clocheThe AM (Armes Mixte) cloche, Model 1934, could mount a 25mm anti-tank gun and paired machine guns in two separate ports. It lacked the JM's observation ports. Shutters could be put in place to close unused ports. The AM existed in both a large and a small version. 72 AM cloches were installed solely in the New Fronts fortifications.[3] AM conversionsTen JM cloches were modified to accept a shortened 25mm anti-tank gun in place of the twin machine guns. The modifications took place in 1940 in several ouvrages of the northeast.[3] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite book|last=Mary|first=Jean-Yves|author2=Hohnadel, Alain |author3=Sicard, Jacques |title=Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 2|publisher=Histoire & Collections|date=2009|page=69|isbn=2-908182-97-1|language=French}} 2. ^Mary, Tome 2, page 109 3. ^1 Mary, Tome 2, page 70 Bibliography
External links{{fr icon}} The Maginot Line{{fort-stub}} 1 : Armoured cloche of the Maginot Line |
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