| 词条 | Joan the Lame |
| 释义 |
|consort=yes |name=Joan the Lame |succession=Queen consort of France |image=Jeanne de Bourgogne et Jean de Vignay.jpg |image_size=200 |caption= |reign=1 April 1328 – 12 December 1349 |coronation=29 May 1328 |full name= |spouse={{marriage|Philip VI of France|July 1313}} |issue=John II of France Philip, Duke of Orléans |house=Burgundy |father=Robert II, Duke of Burgundy |mother=Agnes of France |birth_date=24 June 1293 |birth_place= |death_date={{Death date and age|1349|12|12|1293|6|24|df=y}} |death_place= |place of burial= Basilica of St Denis, France |religion = Roman Catholicism |}} Joan of Burgundy ({{lang-fr|Jeanne}}; 24 June 1293{{citation needed|date=October 2018}} – 12 December 1349), also known as Joan the Lame ({{lang-fr|Jeanne la Boiteuse}}), was Queen of France as the first wife of King Philip VI. Joan served as regent while her husband fought on military campaigns during the Hundred Years' War. BackgroundJoan was the daughter of Robert II, Duke of Burgundy, and Agnes of France.{{sfn|Setton|1975|p=773}} Her older sister, Margaret, was the first wife of Louis X of France.{{sfn|Hallam|1980|p=282}} Joan married Philip of Valois, Louis's cousin, in July 1313. From 1314 to 1328, they were Count and Countess of Maine;{{sfn|Hallam|1980|p=282}} from 1325, they were also Count and Countess of Valois and Anjou. QueenshipKing Philip IV's sons: Louis X, Philip V, and Charles IV, left no surviving male heirs, leading to the accession of Joan's husband to the French throne. The Hundred Years' War ensued, with Edward III of England, a nephew of Louis X, claiming the French crown. Intelligent and strong-willed, Joan proved a capable regent while her husband fought on military campaigns during the war. However, her nature and power earned both herself and her husband a bad reputation, which was accentuated by her deformity (which was considered by some to be a mark of evil), and she became known as la male royne boiteuse ("the lame evil Queen"). One chronicler described her as a danger to her enemies in court: "the lame Queen Jeanne de Bourgogne...was like a King and caused the destruction of those who opposed her will."{{sfn|Knecht|2004|p=11}} She was also considered to be a scholarly woman and a bibliophile: she sent her son, John, manuscripts to read, and commanded the translation of several important contemporary works into vernacular French, including the Miroir historial of Vincent de Beauvais (c.1333) and the Jeu d'échecs moralisés of Jacques de Cessoles (c.1347), a task carried out by Jean de Vignay. Joan died of the plague 12 December 1349.{{sfn|Sumption|1999|p=49}} She was buried in the Basilica of Saint Denis; her tomb, built by her grandson Charles V, was destroyed during the French Revolution. Family, children and descentHer children with Philip VI were:
In 1361, Joan's grandnephew, Philip I of Burgundy, died without legitimate issue, ending the male line of the Dukes of Burgundy. The rightful heir to Burgundy was unclear: King Charles II of Navarre, grandson of Joan's elder sister Margaret, was the heir according to primogeniture, but John II of France (Joan's son) claimed to be the heir according to proximity of blood. In the end, John won. Ancestry{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. Joan of Burgundy |2= 2. Robert II, Duke of Burgundy |3= 3. Agnes of France |4= 4. Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy |5= 5. Yolande of Dreux |6= 6. Louis IX of France |7= 7. Margaret of Provence |8= 8. Odo III, Duke of Burgundy |9= 9. Alix of Vergy |10= 10. Robert III, Count of Dreux |11= 11. Aénor, Dame de Saint-Valéry |12= 12. Louis VIII of France |13= 13. Blanche of Castile |14= 14. Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence |15= 15. Beatrice of Savoy |16= 16. Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy |17= 17. Alice of Lorraine |18= 18. Hugues, Seigneur de Vergy |19= 19. Gillette de Trainel |20= 20. Robert II, Count of Dreux |21= 21. Yolanda de Coucy |22= 22. Thomas, Seigneur de Saint-Valéry |23= 23. Alix de Ponthieu, Dame de Saint-Aubin |24= 24. Philip II of France |25= 25. Isabelle of Hainaut |26= 26. Alfonso VIII of Castile |27= 27. Eleanor of England |28= 28. Alfonso II, Count of Provence |29= 29. Garsenda of Forcalquier |30= 30. Thomas I, Count of Savoy |31= 31. Margaret of Geneva }} In fictionJoan is a character in Les Rois maudits (The Accursed Kings), a series of French historical novels by Maurice Druon. She was portrayed by Ghislaine Porret in the 1972 French miniseries adaptation of the series. ReferencesSources
15 : 1293 births|1349 deaths|Burials at the Basilica of St Denis|Royalty and nobility with disabilities|14th-century women rulers|Regents of France|French queens consort|Countesses of Anjou|Countesses of Maine|House of Burgundy|14th-century deaths from plague (disease)|13th-century French women|13th-century French people|14th-century French women|14th-century French people |
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