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词条 Joe Heck
释义

  1. Early life, education, and military service

  2. Medical career

  3. Nevada Senate

     Elections  Committee assignments 

  4. U.S. House of Representatives

     Elections  2010  2012  2014  Tenure  Energy and environmental policy  Economic policy  Education policy  Foreign policy and veterans affairs  Gun policy  Health policy  Immigration policy  Social policy  Campaign finance policy  Sponsored legislation  Committee assignments 

  5. 2016 U.S. Senate campaign

  6. Personal life

  7. Elections

  8. Awards and decorations

  9. See also

  10. References

  11. External links

{{Infobox Congressman
|name = Joe Heck
|image = Joe Heck, Official Portrait, 112th Congress.jpg
|state = Nevada
|district = {{ushr|NV|3|3rd}}
|term_start = January 3, 2011
|term_end = January 3, 2017
|predecessor = Dina Titus
|successor = Jacky Rosen
|state_senate1 = Nevada
|district1 = Clark 5th
|term_start1 = November 2, 2004
|term_end1 = November 4, 2008
|predecessor1 = Ann O'Connell
|successor1   = Shirley Breeden
|birth_name = Joseph John Heck
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1961|10|30}}
|birth_place = New York City, U.S.
|death_date =
|death_place =
|party = Republican
|spouse = {{marriage|Lisa Mattiello|1995}}
|children = 3
|education = Pennsylvania State University, University Park (BS)
Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (DO)
United States Army War College (MS)
|allegiance = {{flag|United States}}
|branch = {{army|United States}}
|serviceyears = 1991–present
|rank = Brigadier General
|unit = 325th Combat Support Hospital[1]
|battles = Operation Joint Endeavor
Operation Noble Eagle
Operation Iraqi Freedom
}}

Joseph John Heck (born October 30, 1961) is a retired American politician and U.S. Army Brigadier General who served as the U.S. Representative for Nevada's 3rd congressional district from 2011 to 2017. Heck, a member of the Republican Party, is a board-certified physician and served as a Nevada State Senator from 2004 to 2008. He ran unsuccessfully against Democrat Catherine Cortez Masto in the general election for the open Nevada United States Senate seat in 2016.

Early life, education, and military service

Heck was born in Jamaica, Queens, a neighborhood of New York City, and was raised in Pennsylvania, where he graduated from Wallenpaupack Area High School in 1979. He graduated from the Pennsylvania State University in 1984 with a degree in Health Education. He is a member of the Beta Theta Pi fraternity. He received his Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine in 1988 from the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine and obtained a residency in Emergency Medicine in 1992 at the Albert Einstein Medical Center. In 1992, he moved to Clark County, Nevada. He earned a Masters of Strategic Studies degree from the U.S. Army War College in 2006.[2]

Heck served in the United States Army Reserve since 1991 and was promoted to brigadier general in 2014.[3] He has commanded a Medical Readiness Support Group overseeing more than 2,000 soldiers in 6 western states, and continues to serve in this capacity while in Congress. He has served in Operation Joint Endeavor, Operation Noble Eagle, and Operation Iraqi Freedom. His last deployment was in January 2008 when he commanded an emergency room in a combat hospital outside Baghdad.[4][5]

Medical career

Heck was the president, owner, and medical director of Specialized Medical Operations until 2011. The company provided medical training, consulting, and operational support to law enforcement agencies, EMS, and military special operations. Heck has lectured and is published on special operations medical support, the medical response to acts of terrorism, and emergency preparedness and response.[6]

From 1998 to 2003, Heck served as the medical director of the Casualty Care Research Center of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Maryland, where he provided medical support for several federal law enforcement agencies and oversight for the medical response to acts of terrorism. Heck started his medical career as a volunteer firefighter and ambulance attendant in rural Pennsylvania. He volunteered as a Medical Team Manager with the Nevada Urban Search & Rescue Team – Task Force 1 and as a member of the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department Search & Rescue team. He served as a tactical physician with the LVMPD SWAT team.[5]

Heck served as a member of the Nevada State Homeland Security Commission Sub-committee on Health, the American Osteopathic Association's Task Force on Bioterrorism, and as the Medical Director for the Nevada Hospital Association's Hospital Preparedness program. He also served as the Medical Director for the Southern Nevada Health District's Office of Public Health Preparedness.[7]

Nevada Senate

Heck served one four-year term in the Nevada Senate, representing Clark County's 5th district.[7]

Elections

Heck was first elected to the Nevada Senate to represent Clark County's 5th district in 2004, after defeating Senator Ann O'Connell in the Republican primary. Heck narrowly lost re-election in 2008 to Democrat Shirley Breeden by a margin of 47% to 46% and a plurality of 765 votes. Libertarian T. Rex Hagan received 4,754 votes (8%).[8]

Committee assignments

He served on the Natural Resources, Human Resources and Education, the Commerce and Labor Committees. He was also the vice-chair of the Transportation and Homeland Security Committee.[9]

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

2010

{{See also|United States House of Representatives elections in Nevada, 2010#District 3|Nevada gubernatorial election, 2010}}

Although Heck had earlier announced he would challenge incumbent Republican Jim Gibbons for Governor, he decided against it in favor of a run for Nevada's 3rd congressional district. He defeated incumbent Democratic U.S. Congresswoman Dina Titus, 48%–47%, a difference of 1,748 votes. Titus only held the position for one term after she defeated incumbent Republican Jon C. Porter in 2008.[10]

2012

{{See also|United States House of Representatives elections in Nevada, 2012#District 3}}

After redistricting, Heck decided to run in the newly redrawn 3rd district, which Obama won in 2008 with 54% of the vote. On November 6, he defeated Speaker of the Nevada Assembly John Oceguera 50%–43%.[11]

2014

{{See also|United States House of Representatives elections in Nevada, 2014#District 3}}

Heck won reelection easily, beating Democrat Erin Bilbray by a margin of 61 percent to 36 percent.[12]

Tenure

Heck was one of three freshmen named to the House Republican Steering Committee in the 112th Congress.[13] He was re-elected to the Republican Steering Committee in both 2012 and 2014.[14] Heck was ranked as the 74th most bipartisan member of the U.S. House of Representatives during the 114th United States Congress (and the most bipartisan member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Nevada) in the Bipartisan Index created by The Lugar Center and the McCourt School of Public Policy that ranks members of the United States Congress by their degree of bipartisanship (by measuring the frequency each member's bills attract co-sponsors from the opposite party and each member's co-sponsorship of bills by members of the opposite party).[15]

Energy and environmental policy

In 2011, as a Representative, Heck voted to prevent the EPA from regulating greenhouse gases.[16][17]

In 2012, when asked about climate change and regulating carbon dioxide, he stated: "When you start looking at trying to regulate something like carbon dioxide, which is a natural, biological process, you start running into areas of confusion" and "I think certainly over the millennia, we've seen changes in our climate both ways, and I think throughout the future millennia we will continue to see climate change that goes both ways. But the issue for this election is not what's going to be happening in the next 200 years, it's going to be what's happening in the next 12 months."[18]

In 2010, he signed the Americans for Prosperity's No Climate Tax pledge.[19] He supports an "all of the above" energy policy which includes natural gas, domestic oil production, and alternative energy sources such as wind, solar, hydropower, geothermal and nuclear.[20]

He is in favor of the Keystone XL Pipeline.[21][22]

Heck voted to ease the exploration and extraction of minerals and energy resources from Native American lands, and restrict the ability of non-resident tribal members to vote on these issues.[23][24]

Economic policy

Heck supports an audit of the Federal Reserve and a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution.[25] Heck voted against increasing the debt limit in 2011, stating "Raising the debt ceiling without significant spending cuts will only prolong the uncertainty preventing an economic recovery".[26]

In 2011, Heck called Social Security a "pyramid scheme".[27][28] The remark aroused a political controversy in Nevada, and Heck clarified that he meant to refer to it as an "inverted pyramid".[29][30] He has suggested that today's young people may need to retire later to keep the program fiscally viable.[31]

In 2015, Heck voted to eliminate the estate tax.[32] In 2010, he signed the Taxpayer Protection Pledge by Americans for Tax Reform.[33] He has been critical of Governor Brian Sandoval's Commerce Tax.[31] He is opposed to raising the federal minimum wage in favor of leaving the decision to local governments.[37][34]

Education policy

Heck supports the use of education vouchers for use in private or public schools.[35] He voted for a budget bill which called for a 10-year freeze to the maximum Pell Grant award to college students.[36][37][38] He favors expanding refinancing options for student loans, enhancing income-based repayment plans, and providing loan forgiveness for civil service.[43]

Foreign policy and veterans affairs

In 2011, Heck voted for the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012.[39] In 2011, Heck voted not to withdraw American troops from the war in Afghanistan.[40]

Heck opposed United States involvement in Libya, saying, "We are already engaged in military operations on two fronts, and Libya opened a third. We cannot afford the troops or taxpayer dollars—especially without a national security objective."[41]

Heck opposes the Iran nuclear deal framework, calling it unenforceable,[42] and has voted to censure and block President Obama's nuclear treaty with Iran.[43]

Heck has voted for the Patriot Act and has endorsed the indefinite military incarceration of alleged terrorists.[44] He voted to end the bulk collection of metadata from phone calls by the NSA.[43]

In 2015, Heck cosponsored a bill with Democrat Tulsi Gabbard that would award a Congressional Gold Medal to Filipinos who fought in World War II, who now live in the Philippines and the United States.[45]

Heck authored the Vulnerable Veterans Housing Reform Act which prevents disabled veterans who receive in-home care from the VA from having their housing benefits reduced. The bill became law in 2016.[46]

Gun policy

Heck opposes most laws which restrict the sale of firearms. He is in favor of expanded and perhaps universal background checks.[47][48][49]

Following the Isla Vista massacre, Heck co-sponsored an amendment to increase funding for criminal background checks.[50] He voted against restricting gun sales to those on terror watch lists.[51] He voted to prevent Washington D.C. from implementing many provisions of gun control.[52]

Health policy

Heck was an original co-sponsor of the attempt to repeal the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.[53] His stated priorities include protecting the patient-physician relationship, reducing health care costs, and working to protect Medicare for Nevada's seniors and preserving it for future generations;[54] by training more physicians and increasing the use of health savings accounts.[55]

Immigration policy

In August 2014, Heck broke ranks with the Republican Party and voted against a bill that would have dismantled the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals.[56]

In 2015, he voted to more strenuously police immigration from Syria and Iraq.[57][58]

Social policy

In 2011, he voted to prohibit federal funding of National Public Radio, and to support the continuing use of federal funds for NASCAR sponsorships.[59][60]

In 2012, he voted to reauthorize the expiring Violence Against Women Act.[61]

During his time in the House, Heck has voted in favor of prohibiting federal funding of abortion, and prohibiting the use of federal funds for health services at Planned Parenthood.[62][63]

Campaign finance policy

Heck is opposed to the DISCLOSE Act, which would require funders of political ads to put their names on advertisements. He is a supporter of the Citizens United v. FEC U.S. Supreme Court decision.[36]

Sponsored legislation

The following is a partial list of legislation that was directly sponsored by Heck.

  • Three Kids Mine Remediation and Reclamation Act (H.R. 697; 113th Congress) – a bill that would authorize the sale of approximately 950 acres of federal land to the city of Henderson, Nevada.[64] The land used to be a mine and now needs significant environmental remediation and reclamation.[65]
  • Vulnerable Veterans Housing Reform Act of 2013 (H.R. 1742; 113th Congress) – a bill that would change the way the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) calculates a veterans' income to exclude some aid that some veterans receive from the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).[66] The bill would also change utility allowances.[67]
  • Good Samaritan Search and Recovery Act of 2013 (H.R. 2166; 113th Congress) – a bill that would require the federal government to issue the appropriate permits within 48 hours to volunteer search and rescue groups to allow them to search federal lands for missing persons.[68][69][70]

Committee assignments

  • Committee on Armed Services
    • Subcommittee on Military Personnel
    • United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations (Chair)
  • Committee on Education and the Workforce
    • Subcommittee on Higher Education and Workforce Training
    • Subcommittee on Health, Employment, Labor, and Pensions
  • Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
    • United States House Intelligence Subcommittee on Technical and Tactical Intelligence (Chair)

2016 U.S. Senate campaign

{{main|2016 United States Senate election in Nevada}}

In July 2015, Heck announced that he would run for the U.S. Senate seat left open due to Harry Reid's retirement.[71] The Republican and Democratic primaries, which were both contested, took place on June 14, 2016.[72][73]

Heck easily defeated primary opponent Sharron Angle, who had narrowly lost to Harry Reid in 2010. Heck's campaign received millions of dollars of indirect support from the Koch brothers, according to the New York Times. The Kochs paid for ads on his behalf and for millions of dollars of ads against his rival,[74][75][76][77] and whose organizations have 30 paid staff members working in Nevada.[78][79] Heck was, in the 3rd quarter of 2016, the House member receiving the largest amount of political donations.[80] His opponents, including organized labor and environmental groups, spent significant sums on advertising against him.[76][81]

Heck supported Donald Trump's candidacy for President until the Donald Trump and Billy Bush recording controversy of October 2016. Heck then withdrew his support.[82][83]

In a recording of Heck at a private event in October 2016, he said he believed Trump may hurt other Republicans' electoral bids.[84] Prior to the election, he did not say whether or not he would vote for Trump.[85][86]

Heck lost to Catherine Cortez Masto in the 2016 general election, held on November 8, 2016.[87] He carried 16 of Nevada's 17 counties and county equivalents. However, he could not overcome an 82,000-vote deficit in Clark County.

Personal life

Heck resides in Henderson, Nevada with his wife, Lisa Heck (née Mattiello). They have three children. Lisa is a registered nurse. Heck is a Roman Catholic. He believes that employers have the right to deny health coverage for contraception to female employees if they have moral objections to it.[36] He is active with the American Legion Paradise Post 149, the Knights of Columbus Council 13456, and Catholic War Veterans Post 1947.[88]

Elections

{{Election box begin no change|title=United States House of Representatives elections, 2010

3rd Congressional District of Nevada[89]}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|
|party = Republican Party (United States)
|candidate = Joe Heck
|votes = 128,916
|percentage = 48
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change|
|party = Democratic Party (United States)
|candidate = Dina Titus (incumbent)
|votes = 127,168
|percentage = 47
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Barry Michaels
|votes = 6,473
|percentage = 2
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change|
|party = Libertarian Party (United States)
|candidate = Joseph P. Silvestri
|votes = 4,026
|percentage = 2
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change|
|party = Independent American Party of Nevada
|candidate = Scott David Narter
|votes = 1,291
|percentage = <1
}}{{Election box total no change|
|votes = 267,874
|percentage = 100
}}{{Election box gain with party link without swing|
|winner = Republican Party (United States)
|loser = Democratic Party (United States)
}}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin no change
|title = United States House of Representatives elections, 2012

3rd Congressional District of Nevada[90]


}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Joe Heck (Incumbent)
| party = Republican Party (United States)
| votes = 137,244
| percentage = 50
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = John Oceguera
| party = Democratic Party (United States)
| votes = 116,823
| percentage = 43
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Jim Murphy
| party = Independent American Party of Nevada
| votes = 12,856
| percentage = 5
}}{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Tom Jones
| party = Independent American Party of Nevada
| votes = 5,600
| percentage = 2
}}{{Election box total no change
| votes = 272,523
| percentage = 100
}}{{Election box hold with party link without swing|
|winner = Republican Party (United States)
}}{{Election box end}}{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}
Nevada United States Senate election, 2016
Republican primary
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Joe Heck74,51765
Republican Sharron Angle26,14223
Republican None of these candidates3,9023
Republican Thomas Heck3,5703
Republican Eddie Hamilton2,5072
Republican D'Nese Davis1,9372
Republican Bill Tarbell1,1791
Republican Robert Leeds6620.6
Republican Justin Preble5820.5
Republican Carlo Poliak2790.2
Total114,827100
{{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}}{{party color|Republican Party (United States)}}{{party color|Constitution Party (United States)}}{{party color|Independent (politician)}}{{party color|Independent (politician)}}{{party color|Socialist Party (United States)}}
Nevada United States Senate election, 2016
General election
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Catherine Cortez Masto520,65847
Republican Joe Heck494,42745
Independent American Tom Jones17,1042
Independent Tom Sawyer14,1631
Independent Tony Gumina10,7191
Socialist Jarrod M. Williams6,8640.7
Total1,108,294100

Awards and decorations

Heck has received the following awards:[91]

number=|type=|name=Defense Meritorious Service ribbon|width=80}}Defense Meritorious Service Medal
number=1|type=oak|name=Army Commendation Medal ribbon|width=80}}Army Commendation Medal with a bronze Oak leaf cluster
number=|type=|name=Us jointservachiev rib|width=80}}Joint Services Achievement Medal
number=1|type=oak|name=Army Achievement Medal ribbon|width=80}}Army Achievement Medal with one bronze Oak leaf clusters
number=4|type=oak|name=Army Reserve Achievement ribbon|width=80}}Army Reserve Components Achievement Medal with four bronze Oak leaf cluster
number=|type=|name=Outstanding Volunteer Service ribbon|width=80}}Military Outstanding Volunteer Service Medal
number=1|type=service-star|name=National Defense Service Medal ribbon|width=80}}National Defense Service Medal with one Service star
number=|type=service-star|name=Iraq Campaign ribbon|width=80}}Iraq Campaign Medal
number=|type=|name=Global War on Terrorism Service ribbon|width=80}}Global War on Terrorism Service Medal
number=|type=|name=Armed Forces Service Medal ribbon|width=80}}Armed Forces Service Medal
number=|type=|name=ResMedRib|width=80}}Armed Forces Reserve Medal
number=|type=|name=Army Service Ribbon|width=80}}Army Service Ribbon
Army Flight Surgeon Badge
number=|type=|name=Joint Meritorious Unit Award ribbon|width=80}}Joint Meritorious Unit Award

See also

  • Physicians in the United States Congress

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://combatveteransforcongress.org/cand/2773 |title=Congressman Joe Heck |year=2012 |publisher=Combat Veterans For Congress Political Action Committee |accessdate=January 26, 2013}}
2. ^{{cite news|last1=Corasaniti|first1=Nick|last2=Martin|first2=Jonathan|title=Army War College Starts Plagiarism Inquiry of Senator John Walsh's Thesis|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/25/us/politics/plagiarism-raises-ethical-alarm-at-military-school.html|accessdate=5 February 2016|work=New York Times|date=July 24, 2014}}
3. ^{{cite news|title=Senate OKs Rep. Joe Heck's promotion to 1-star general|url=http://lasvegassun.com/news/2014/sep/18/senate-oks-rep-joe-hecks-promotion-1-star-general|accessdate=January 28, 2016|agency=Associated Press|work=Las Vegas Sun|date=September 18, 2014}}
4. ^{{cite news|last1=O'Toole|first1=Molly|title=Meet Joe Heck, the GOP One-Star General Who Could Take Reid's Senate Seat|url=http://www.defenseone.com/politics/2015/05/meet-joe-heck-gop-one-star-general-who-could-take-reids-senate-seat/114076 |accessdate=February 5, 2016|publisher=Defense One|date=May 31, 2015}}
5. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Tetreault|first1=Steve|title=Rep. Joe Heck says he's running for US Senate|url=http://www.reviewjournal.com/politics/elections/rep-joe-heck-says-he-s-running-us-senate|accessdate=April 26, 2016|work=Las Vegas Review-Journal|date=July 6, 2015}}
6. ^{{cite news|title=Joe Heck (R)|url=http://projects.wsj.com/campaign2012/candidates/view/joe-heck--NV-H|accessdate=February 5, 2016|work=Wall Street Journal}}
7. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.leg.state.nv.us/73rd/Legislators/Senators/Heck.cfm|title=Senator Joseph (Joe) J. Heck|publisher=state.nv.us}}
8. ^{{cite web|title=Races for the November 4, 2008 general election|url=http://lasvegassun.com/elections/2008/nov/04/races|work=Las Vegas Sun|accessdate=February 5, 2016}}
9. ^{{cite web|title=Joe Heck|url=https://www.gop.gov/member/joe-heck|publisher=House Republicans|accessdate=October 19, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019161006/https://www.gop.gov/member/joe-heck/|archive-date=October 19, 2016|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=496881|title=Our Campaigns - NV - District 3 Race|date=November 2, 2010|publisher=ourcampaigns.com}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=705010|title=Our Campaigns - NV - District 03 Race|date=November 6, 2012|publisher=ourcampaigns.com}}
12. ^{{cite news|last1=Myers|first1=Laura|title=Nevada winners, losers in Tuesday's election|url=http://www.reviewjournal.com/politics/elections/nevada-winners-losers-tuesday-s-election|accessdate=October 19, 2016|work=Las Vega Review-Journal|date=November 8, 2014}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lasvegassun.com/blogs/nevada-wonk/2010/nov/17/joe-heck-lands-plum-post-house-gop-steering-commit/|title=Joe Heck Lands Plum Post on House GOP Steering Committee|work=Las Vegas Sun|accessdate=2011-01-24}}
14. ^{{cite web|title=Heck Elected to Steering Committee for Third Straight Term|url=https://heck.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/heck-elected-steering-committee-third-straight-term|website=House.gov|publisher=United States Congressman Joe Heck|accessdate=January 28, 2016}}
15. ^{{Citation|url=http://www.thelugarcenter.org/assets/htmldocuments/The%20Lugar%20Center%20-%20McCourt%20School%20Bipartisan%20Index%20114th%20Congress%20House%20Scores.pdf|title=The Lugar Center - McCourt School Bipartisan Index|publisher=The Lugar Center|date=March 7, 2016|accessdate=April 30, 2017}}
16. ^{{cite web|title=Final Vote Results for Roll Call 249|url=http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2011/roll249.xml|publisher=clerk.house.gov|accessdate=11 November 2016}}
17. ^{{cite web|title=House Vote 249 – Prevents E.P.A. From Regulating Greenhouse Gases|url=http://politics.nytimes.com/congress/votes/112/house/1/249?ref=politics|work=New York Times|accessdate=April 22, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518100535/http://politics.nytimes.com/congress/votes/112/house/1/249?ref=politics|archive-date=May 18, 2015|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}}
18. ^Jason Margolis, “Politicians Talking Green Energy, But Not Climate Change”, PRI.org, October 17, 2012.
19. ^{{cite news|last1=Kerpen|first1=Phil|title=Americans for Prosperity Applauds U.S. House Candidate Joe Heck|url=http://site.americansforprosperity.org/noclimatetax//wp-content/uploads/2010/03/heck.pdf|accessdate=February 5, 2016|publisher=Americans for Prosperity|date=March 9, 2010}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
20. ^{{cite web|title=Issue Position: Energy|url=http://www.votesmart.org/public-statement/626589/issue-position-energy|accessdate=November 21, 2011}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=https://votesmart.org/bill/15085/39638/44082/extension-of-surface-transportation-funding-and-approval-of-the-keystone-xl-pipeline#.WAVLJ_krKHs|title=The Voter's Self Defense System|publisher=votesmart.org}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.reviewjournal.com/news/nation-and-world/keystone-xl-pipeline-shelved-senate-vote|title=Keystone XL pipeline shelved in Senate vote|author=Steve Tetreault|date=November 23, 2014|publisher=reviewjournal.com}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=https://votesmart.org/bill/20469/53997/44082/native-american-energy-act#.WAVFZPkrKHs|title=The Voter's Self Defense System|publisher=votesmart.org}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=https://votesmart.org/bill/17410/46341/44082/authorizes-the-secretary-of-the-interior-to-require-certain-findings-for-categorical-exclusions#.WAVG0fkrKHs|title=The Voter's Self Defense System|publisher=votesmart.org}}
25. ^{{cite web|title=The U.S. Congress Votes Database: Joe Heck (R)|url=http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/members/H001055/|website=Washington Post|accessdate=5 February 2016}}
26. ^{{cite web|title=Heck Votes Against Debt Limit Increase|url=http://www.votesmart.org/public-statement/612747/heck-votes-against-debt-limit-increase|accessdate=November 21, 2011}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y6MGfETizuQ|title=REP. JOE HECK: Social Security is a "Pyramid Scheme"|author=Americans United For Change|date=June 2, 2011|publisher=YouTube}}
28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lasvegasnow.com/news/joe-heck-says-social-security-is-inverted-pyramid|title=Joe Heck Says Social Security is Inverted Pyramid|date=June 10, 2011|publisher=}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lasvegasnow.com/news/joe-heck-vows-to-preserve-social-security|title=Joe Heck Vows to Preserve Social Security|date=June 9, 2011|publisher=lasvegasnow.com}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kolotv.com/home/headlines/Heck-Campaigns-in-Reno-Answers-Social-Security-Charge-321501971.html|title=Heck Campaigns in Reno, Answers Social Security Charge|first=Ed|last=Pearce|publisher=kolotv.com}}
31. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.ktvn.com/story/29764242/rep-joe-heck-campaigns-in-reno|title=Rep. Joe Heck Campaigns in Reno|first=Paul|last=Nelson|publisher=ktvn.com|accessdate=November 9, 2016}}
32. ^{{cite web|url=https://votesmart.org/bill/20603/54353/44082/death-tax-repeal-act-of-2015#.WAVIM_krKHs|title=The Voter's Self Defense System|publisher=}}
33. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.atr.org/current-list-taxpayer-protection-pledge-signers-a5597|title=Current List of Taxpayer Protection Pledge Signers for the 112th Congress|publisher=atr.org}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=113&session=2&vote=00117|title=U.S. Senate: Roll Call Vote|publisher=Senate.gov|accessdate=2016-11-03}}
35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ontheissues.org/House/Joe_Heck.htm|title=Joe Heck on the Issues|publisher=OnTheIssues.org|accessdate=November 9, 2016}}
36. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/joe-heck-vs-catherine-cortez-masto-nonpartisan-candidate_us_57f55bc5e4b087a29a548547|title=Joe Heck vs. Catherine Cortez Masto: Nonpartisan Candidate Guide For 2016 Nevada Senate Race|first1=Campus Election Engagement Project Campus Election Engagement|last1=Project|first2=www campuselect org is a national nonpartisan project that helps America's|last2=colleges|first3=Universities Motivate Their 20 Million Students to|last3=Register|first4=Volunteer in|last4=Campaigns|first5=Educate|last5=Themselves|first6=Turn Out at the|last6=Polls|date=October 11, 2016|publisher=}}
37. ^{{cite news|last1=Cahn|first1=Emily|title=DCCC to Hit Republicans on College Campuses|url=http://www.rollcall.com/news/home/elections-2016-dccc-college-affordability|accessdate=3 November 2016|publisher=Roll Call|date=March 30, 2015}}
38. ^{{cite news|last1=Demirjian|first1=Karoun|title=Heck and Oceguera make a play for the center in Nevada's split CD3|url=http://lasvegassun.com/news/2012/oct/15/heck-and-oceguera-make-play-center-nevadas-split-c|accessdate=November 3, 2016|publisher=Las Vegas Sun|date=October 15, 2012}}
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/ndaa-bill-how-did-your-congress-member-vote-384362|title=NDAA Bill: How Did Your Congress Member Vote?|author=Connor Adams Sheets|date=16 December 2011|work=International Business Times}}
40. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ontheissues.org/House/Joe_Heck_War_+_Peace.htm|title=Joe Heck on War & Peace|publisher=Ontheissues.org|accessdate=November 3, 2016}}
41. ^{{cite web|title=Heck Votes Against Libya Measures|url=http://www.votesmart.org/public-statement/622143/heck-votes-against-libya-measures|accessdate=November 21, 2011|publisher=votesmart.org}}
42. ^{{cite news|last1=Botkin|first1=Ben|title=Cortez Masto supports Iran deal while Heck calls it unenforceable|url=http://www.reviewjournal.com/politics/national/cortez-masto-supports-iran-deal-while-heck-calls-it-unenforceable|accessdate=February 19, 2016|publisher=Las Vegas Review Journal|date=January 26, 2016}}
43. ^{{cite web|url=https://votesmart.org/candidate/key-votes/44082/joe-heck-jr/32/foreign-affairs#.WAVEgfkrKHs|title=The Voter's Self Defense System|publisher=votesmart.org}}
44. ^{{cite web|url=https://votesmart.org/candidate/key-votes/44082/joe-heck-jr/13/civil-liberties-and-civil-rights#.WAU5f_krKHs|title=The Voter's Self Defense System|publisher=votesmart.org}}
45. ^{{cite news|last=Rueda|first=Nimfa|title=US solons introduce bill recognizing Filipino, Fil-Am war vets|url=http://globalnation.inquirer.net/124574/us-solons-introduce-bill-recognizing-filipino-fil-am-war-vets|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|accessdate=June 12, 2015}}
46. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Theobald|first=William|title=Who's Joe Heck?: A reliable GOP vote who sometimes bucked the party line|url=http://www.rgj.com/story/news/politics/2016/10/20/whos-joe-heck-reliable-gop-vote-who-sometimes-bucked-party-line/90855946|newspaper=Reno-Gazette Journal|date=October 20, 2016|accessdate=November 7, 2016}}
47. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.lasvegasnow.com/news/gun-control-universal-background-checks-at-forefront-nationally-statewide|title=Gun control: Universal background checks at forefront nationally, statewide|first=Patrick|last=Walker|date=June 17, 2016|publisher=}}
48. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.reviewjournal.com/news/politics/heck-favors-universal-background-checks-gun-buyers|title=Heck favors universal background checks for gun buyers|author=Laura Myers|work=Las Vegas Review-Journal|date=February 19, 2013}}
49. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/50875706/t/gop-rep-implies-gabby-giffords-prop-gun-debate/#.WAYd1_krKHs|title=GOP rep implies Gabby Giffords is a 'prop' in gun debate|date=February 20, 2013|publisher=nbcnews.com}}
50. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/house-approves-background-check-funding-ammendment|title=House approves gun control bill to boost background check funding|publisher=MSNBC}}
51. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/05/us/politics/gun-control-groups-divide-their-loyalties-in-senate-races.html|title=Gun Control Groups Divide Their Loyalties in Senate Races|date=September 5, 2016|work=The New York Times}}
52. ^{{cite web|url=https://votesmart.org/bill/18726/49464/44082/prohibits-district-of-columbia-from-implementing-certain-firearm-laws#.WAVAQ_krKHs|title=The Voter's Self Defense System|publisher=votesmart.org}}
53. ^{{cite news|last1=Meyer|first1=Theodoric|title=Planned Parenthood will play in Senate|url=http://www.politico.com/tipsheets/morning-score/2016/01/planned-parenthood-will-play-in-senate-club-for-growth-endorses-shimkus-challenger-212042|accessdate=February 5, 2016|work=Politico|date=January 7, 2016}}
54. ^{{cite news|last1=Ritter|first1=Ken |last2=Snyder|first2=Riley|title=Nevada GOP Rep. Joe Heck running for Reid's US Senate seat|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/986115229d7347499f3423e75740d907/nevada-rep-joe-heck-run-harry-reids-us-senate-seat|accessdate=5 February 2016|work=Associated Press|date=July 6, 2015}}
55. ^{{cite web|url=https://drjoeheck.com/on-the-issues|title=Joe Heck For U.S. Senate|publisher=drjoeheck.com|accessdate=November 9, 2016}}
56. ^{{cite news|last1=Foley|first1=Elise|title=House Votes To Strip Deportation Relief From Dreamers|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/08/01/house-bill-daca_n_5643287.html|date=August 1, 2014|accessdate=September 4, 2014|work=Huffington Post}}
57. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/114-2015/h643|title=H.R. 4038: American SAFE Act of 2015 -- House Vote #643 -- Nov 19, 2015|publisher=}}
58. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.reviewjournal.com/politics/national/nevada-congressmen-want-syrian-refugee-program-stopped|title=Nevada congressmen want Syrian refugee program stopped|author=Peter Urban |work=Las Vegas Review-Journal |date=November 18, 2015}}
59. ^{{cite web|url=https://votesmart.org/candidate/key-votes/44082/joe-heck-jr/7/arts-entertainment-and-history#.WAU8b_krKHs|title=The Voter's Self Defense System|publisher=votesmart.org}}
60. ^{{cite web|title=Final Vote Results for Roll Call 192|url=http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2011/roll192.xml|accessdate=11 November 2016}}
61. ^{{cite news|author=Jennifer Bendery|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/12/11/violence-against-women-act-john-boehner-eric-cantor_n_2278549.html|title=Violence Against Women Act: John Boehner, Eric Cantor Pressured By Republicans To Act|date=December 11, 2012|work=Huffington Post}}
62. ^{{cite web|url=https://votesmart.org/candidate/key-votes/44082/joe-heck-jr/2/abortion#.WAU7WfkrKHs|title=The Voter's Self Defense System|publisher=votesmart.org}}
63. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ktnv.com/news/political/politifact-new-ads-mostly-accurate-in-highlighting-joe-hecks-record-on-abortion|title=PolitiFact: New ads mostly accurate in highlighting Joe Heck's record on abortion|first=Riley|last=Snyder|date=September 29, 2016|publisher=ktnv.com}}
64. ^{{cite web|title=H.R. 697 – Summary|url=http://beta.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/697|publisher=United States Congress|accessdate=22 July 2013}}
65. ^{{cite web|title=CBO – H.R. 697|url=http://www.cbo.gov/publication/44357|publisher=Congressional Budget Office|accessdate=22 July 2013}}
66. ^{{cite web|title=Bills to Address Housing Needs of Veterans Introduced|url=http://nlihc.org/article/bills-address-housing-needs-veterans-introduced|publisher=National Low Income Housing Coalition|accessdate=October 28, 2013|date=May 3, 2013}}
67. ^{{cite web|title=H.R. 1742|url=http://beta.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/1742|publisher=United States Congress|accessdate=October 28, 2013}}
68. ^{{cite web|title=H.R. 2166 – Summary|url=http://beta.congress.gov/bill/113th/house-bill/2166|publisher=United States Congress|accessdate=January 27, 2014}}
69. ^{{cite news|last=Kasperowicz|first=Pete|title=House to lift government hurdles to missing person searches|url=http://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/house/196357-house-to-lift-government-hurdles-to-missing-person-searches|accessdate=January 27, 2014|newspaper=The Hill|date=January 24, 2014}}
70. ^{{cite news|last1=Tetreault|first1=Steve|last2=Brean|first2=Henry|title=Heck seeks to cut red tape on desert, lake searches|url=http://www.reviewjournal.com/news/fire-rescue/heck-seeks-cut-red-tape-desert-lake-searches|accessdate=5 February 2016|work=Las Vegas Review-Journal|date=May 7, 2013}}
71. ^{{cite news|last1=Tetreault|first1=Steve|last2=Botkin|first2=Ben|title=Rep. Joe Heck says he's running for US Senate|url=http://www.reviewjournal.com/politics/elections/rep-joe-heck-says-he-s-running-us-senate|accessdate=January 28, 2016|work=Las Vegas Review-Journal|date=July 6, 2015}}
72. ^{{cite news|last1=Messerly|first1=Megan|title=Heck, Cortez Masto each top $1M for quarter in bid to succeed Reid in Senate|url=http://lasvegassun.com/news/2016/feb/02/tight-fundraising-race-in-bid-to-succeed-reid-in-s/|accessdate=5 February 2016|work=Las Vegas Sun|date=February 2, 2016}}
73. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/nevada|title= Nevada Primary Results 2016|author=Staff|work=New York Times|accessdate=2015-07-17}}
74. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/31/us/politics/harry-reid-koch-brothers-nevada-senate-race.html|title=Harry Reid and Koch Brothers Wage Proxy War for a Nevada Senate Seat|date=August 31, 2016|work=The New York Times}}
75. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2016/08/harry-reids-retiring-enter-piles-of-dark-money|title=Harry Reid's retiring? Enter piles of dark money|date=August 19, 2016|publisher=opensecrets/org}}
76. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://lasvegassun.com/news/2016/may/06/new-ad-takes-aim-at-joe-hecks-record-in-congress|title=New ad takes aim at Joe Heck's record in state Senate|date=May 6, 2016|publisher=}}
77. ^{{cite web|url=http://lasvegassun.com/news/2016/mar/01/koch-brothers-backed-ad-trumpets-joe-heck-for-sena|title=Koch brothers-backed ad trumpets Joe Heck for Senate|date=March 1, 2016|work=Las Vegas Sun}}
78. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wnem.com/story/33360832/heavy-hitters-cash-flow-to-nevada-in-fight-to-replace-reid|title=Heavy-hitters, cash flow to Nevada in fight to replace Reid|publisher=wnem.com}} {{dead link|date=November 2016}}
79. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rgj.com/story/news/politics/2016/10/11/heck-and-cortez-masto-outspent-outside-groups/91747818|title=Outside groups are the biggest influencers in this year's Nevada Senate race|publisher=rgj.com|date=October 11, 2016}}
80. ^{{cite web|url=http://lasvegassun.com/news/2013/jul/16/joe-heck-leads-pack-campaign-contributions|title=Joe Heck leads the pack in campaign contributions|date=July 16, 2013|work=Las Vegas Sun}}
81. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rgj.com/story/news/politics/2016/09/06/environmental-group-runs-ad-attacking-gop-senate-candidate/89923642|title=Environmental group runs ad attacking GOP Senate candidate|publisher=rgj.com|date=September 6, 2016}}
82. ^{{cite web|url=https://drjoeheck.com/news-releases/dr-heck-remarks-donald-trump/|title=Dr. Heck remarks on Donald Trump - Joe Heck for U.S. Senate|date=October 8, 2016|publisher=drjoeheck.com}}
83. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.reviewjournal.com/politics/election-2016/republicans-heck-hardy-say-they-no-longer-support-trump|title=Republican Heck, Hardy say they no longer support Trump|author=Kimber Laux |work=Las Vegas Review-Journal|date=October 8, 2016|accessdate=November 10, 2016}}
84. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rgj.com/story/news/politics/2016/10/17/recording-shows-heck-fears-trump-will-hurt-senate-race/92315410|title=Recording shows Heck fears Trump will hurt Senate race|publisher=rgj.com|date=October 17, 2016}}
85. ^{{cite web|author=Associated Press|url=https://lasvegassun.com/news/2016/nov/02/joe-heck-struggles-to-answer-on-vote-for-trump|title=Joe Heck struggles to answer on vote for Donald Trump|work=Las Vegas Sun News|accessdate=2016-11-03}}
86. ^{{cite web|url=http://elkodaily.com/news/state-and-regional/critics-say-heck-making-misstep-on-trump-stance/article_74f1fb26-c8f4-56da-a6ef-4a1bf6124a0b.html|title=Critics say Heck making misstep on Trump stance|publisher=elkodaily.com|date=1970-01-01|accessdate=2016-11-03}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
87. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.politico.com/story/2016/11/cortez-masto-heck-nevada-senate-race-2016-election-results-231040|title=Cortez Masto defeats Heck in Nevada|work=Politico}}
88. ^{{cite web|title=Full Biography|url=https://heck.house.gov/about-joe/full-biography|publisher=United States Congressman Joe Heck|accessdate=February 5, 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208074401/https://heck.house.gov/about-joe/full-biography|archivedate=February 8, 2016|df=}}
89. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nvsos.gov/SilverState2010gen/congressional.aspx|title=Congressional results|work=nvsos.gov}}
90. ^{{cite web|title=Nevada General Election 2012 – U.S. Congress|url=http://www.silverstateelection.com/USCongress/|publisher=Nevada Secretary of State|accessdate=November 27, 2012}}
91. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ausa.org/legislation/congressionalinfo/Documents/OAS%20112th%20Congress.pdf |title=Once a Soldier... Always a Soldier |author=Staff |year=2011 |work=Legislative Agenda |publisher=Association of the United States Army |accessdate=January 26, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021200011/http://www.ausa.org/legislation/congressionalinfo/Documents/OAS%20112th%20Congress.pdf |archivedate=October 21, 2013 |df= }}

External links

  • {{ballotpedia|Joe_Heck|Joe Heck}}
  • {{C-SPAN|joeheck}}
  • {{CongLinks | congbio=H001055 | votesmart=44082 | fec=H0NV03058 | congress=joseph-heck/2040 }}
  • Senator Joe Heck official Nevada Legislature site (2007 session)
{{s-start}}{{s-par|us-hs}}{{s-bef|before=Dina Titus}}{{s-ttl|title=Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Nevada's 3rd congressional district|years=2011–2017}}{{s-aft|after=Jacky Rosen}}
|-{{s-ppo}}{{s-bef|before=Sharron Angle}}{{s-ttl|title=Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Nevada
(Class 3)|years=2016}}{{s-inc|recent}}{{s-end}}{{NevadaUSRepresentatives}}{{USCongRep-start | congresses= 112th–114th United States Congresses | state=Nevada}}{{USCongRep/NV/112}}{{USCongRep/NV/113}}{{USCongRep/NV/114}}{{USCongRep-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Heck, Joe}}

23 : 1961 births|Living people|21st-century American politicians|American healthcare managers|American military doctors|American army personnel of the Iraq War|American Roman Catholics|Catholics from New York (state)|Catholics from Nevada|Members of the Nevada Assembly|Members of the United States House of Representatives from Nevada|Military personnel from Nevada|Nevada state senators|Nevada Republicans|Pennsylvania State University alumni|Politicians from Carson City, Nevada|People from Henderson, Nevada|People from Jamaica, Queens|Physicians from Nevada|Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives|United States Army War College alumni|United States Army generals|United States Army reservists
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