| 词条 | John Cramer (Australian politician) |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = The Honourable | name = Sir John Cramer | honorific-suffix = | image = John Cramer.jpg | constituency_MP = Bennelong | parliament = Australian | majority = | predecessor = Division created | successor = John Howard | term_start = 10 December 1949 | term_end = 11 April 1974 | birth_name = John Oscar Cramer | birth_date = {{birth date|1896|2|18|df=y}} | birth_place = Quirindi, New South Wales | death_date = {{Death date and age|1994|5|18|1896|2|18|df=y}} | death_place = Sydney, New South Wales, Australia | spouse = Dame Mary Therese Cramer (1893–1984); four children | party = Liberal}} Sir John Oscar Cramer (18 February 1896{{spaced ndash}}18 May 1994) was an Australian politician, representing the Liberal Party, of which he was a founding member. Political careerJohn Cramer was elected as Mayor of North Sydney in 1939 and served until his defeat as an alderman at the December 1941 municipal elections.[1][2] Later he was Chairman of the Sydney County Council. He was elected to the House of Representatives as the inaugural representative of the seat of Bennelong on its creation in 1949. In 1956, the Prime Minister Robert Menzies appointed him Minister for the Army, a portfolio he held until 1963.[3] Cramer was the only Catholic in the Liberal Party parliamentary team, a fact Menzies would often joke about.[4] In 1964 he was created a Knight Bachelor.[5] He retired from parliament before the 1974 election, and was succeeded by John Howard (later to become Prime Minister). He died on 18 May 1994, aged 98. Personal lifeIn 1922 he married Mary Therese Earls, a teacher, and his elder by two and a half years. The couple had four children: John, Erle, Bronwyn and Leonie.[6] For her four decades of service as a charity worker and community activist, Lady Cramer was created a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1971. Dame Mary Cramer predeceased her husband by almost a decade, dying on 23 September 1984 (aged 91).[7] Writings
References1. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17635570 |title=MAYORAL ELECTIONS. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |issue=31,812 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=15 December 1939 |accessdate=9 April 2017 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}} {{s-start}}{{s-civ}}{{s-bef| before= James Street Stanton}}{{s-ttl |title= Mayor of North Sydney | years =1939 – 1941 }}{{s-aft|after= George Augustus Fowle}}{{s-gov}}{{s-bef|before= Arthur McElhone}}{{s-ttl |title= Chairman of the Sydney County Council | years =1946–1947 }}{{s-aft|after=Frank Grenville Pursell}}{{s-bef|before= Frank Grenville Pursell}}{{s-ttl |title= Chairman of the Sydney County Council | years =1948–1950 }}{{s-aft|after=William Parker Henson}}{{s-par|au}}{{s-new|division}}{{s-ttl | title=Member for Bennelong | years=1949–1974}}{{s-aft | after= John Howard }}{{s-off}}{{s-bef | before=Eric Harrison }}{{s-ttl | title=Minister for the Army | years=1956–1963}}{{s-aft | after=James Forbes }}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Cramer, John}}2. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17777720 |title=LABOUR LOSES CITY POLL |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald|issue=32,432 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=8 December 1941 |accessdate=9 April 2017 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=The Hon John Howard MP, Member for Bennelong (NSW), First Speech To Parliament|work=Hansard|publisher=Parliament of Australia|date=26 September 1974|url=http://www.aph.gov.au/house/members/firstspeech.asp?id=ZD4|accessdate=2007-08-28|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070830040626/http://www.aph.gov.au/house/members/firstspeech.asp?id=ZD4|archivedate=30 August 2007|df=dmy-all}} 4. ^{{cite web|last1=Abjorensen|first1=Norman|title=Australia's great political shift|url=http://insidestory.org.au/australias-great-political-shift/|website=Inside Story|publisher=School of Arts, Social Sciences & Humanities, Swinburne University of Technology|accessdate=31 July 2017}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Cramer, John Oscar|publisher=Its an Honour|url=http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=1083248&search_type=simple&showInd=true|accessdate=28 August 2007}} 6. ^Earls Family Chronicles 7. ^{{cite web|title=Cramer, Dame Mary Therese|work=Australian Women|publisher=National Foundation for Australian Women|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/IMP0023b.htm|accessdate=2007-08-28}} 11 : 1896 births|1994 deaths|People from Sydney|Mayors of North Sydney|Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Australia|Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Bennelong|Members of the Australian House of Representatives|Australian Knights Bachelor|Australian politicians awarded knighthoods|Australian Roman Catholics|20th-century Australian politicians |
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