| 词条 | John Davenant |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = The Right Reverend | name = John Davenant | honorific-suffix = | bishop_of = Bishop of Salisbury | image = John Davenant.jpg | alt=English scholar and Bishop of Salisbury John Davenant (1572–1641), circa 1625. Engraving by T. Trotter, published 1783. | caption = English scholar and Bishop of Salisbury John Davenant (1572–1641), c. 1625. | province = | diocese = | see = | enthroned = 1621 | ended = 1641 | predecessor = Robert Tounson | successor = Brian Duppa | ordination = | consecration = | other_post = Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity | birth_name = | birth_date = 1572 | birth_place = | death_date = 1641 | death_place = | buried = | nationality = | religion = Church of England | residence = | parents = | spouse = | children = | occupation = Churchman | profession = | alma_mater = | signature = }} John Davenant (London, 20 May 1572 – Salisbury, 20 April 1641) was an English academic and bishop of Salisbury from 1621. He also served as one of the English delegates to the Synod of Dort. LifeHe was educated at Queens' College, Cambridge, elected a fellow there in 1597, and was its President from 1614 to 1621.[1] From 1609 onward, he served as the Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity, from which he was called away by James I to represent the Church of England at the Synod of Dort in 1618, along with Samuel Ward, Joseph Hall and George Carleton. ViewsAt Dort there were divisions in the Anglican camp: {{quote|On the one hand Davenant, Ward and Martinius believed that Christ died for all particular men; Carleton, Goad, and Balcanquhall himself believed that Christ died only for the elect, who consisted of all sorts of men.[2]}}A compromise pursued went in Davenant's direction. According to one interpretation of Davenant's views: {{quote|Davenant attempted to find a middle road between outright Arminianism and the supralapsarianism which some in England favored. He found in the theology of Saumur such a road and defended the Amyrauldian views of hypothetical universalism, a general atonement in the sense of intention as well as sufficiency, a common blessing of the cross, and a conditional salvation. All these views stood in close connection with the theology of the well-meant offer of salvation to all.[3]}}Other interpretations see Davenant as distinguishing himself from the School of Saumur and from the views of Moses Amyraut.[4] When French Amyraldians attempted to garner support, citing the views of members of the British delegation to the Synod of Dort, Davenant offered a reply by way of clarification in his tract, “On the controversy among the French divines,” in which he appears to make a distinction between his own views and those of the Amyraldians.[5] Davenant sympathised with the aims of John Dury, as far as unifying Protestantism went, and wrote in his favour, a piece subsequently quoted by Gerard Brandt.[6] On the topic of predestination, he engaged in controversy with the Arminian Anglican Samuel Hoard. In an undated letter to his friend Samuel Ward, with whom he had served as a delegate to Dort, Davenant endorses the view (shared by Ward) that all baptized infants receive the remission of the guilt of original sin in baptism and that this constitutes their infant baptismal regeneration, justification, sanctification, and adoption.[7] In his view, this infant baptismal remission, which involves the objective status of the infant apart from subjective operations of grace, will not suffice for justification, if the child does not later come to faith. Nonetheless, he goes on to argue that this poses no contradiction to the doctrine of the perseverance of the saints as articulated by Dort, since the "perseverance" intended there presupposes subjective grace.[8] Davenant's "Dissertation on the Death of Christ" was translated into English from Latin in 1831 by Josiah Allport and published as an appendix to his commentary on the Letter of Paul to the Colossians. The Commentary on Colossians was reprinted, without the "Dissertation," in 2005 by the Banner of Trust Trust ({{ISBN|0 85151 909 1}}). The "Dissertation" was republished by Quinta Press in 2006 ({{ISBN|978-1-89785-627-7}}). Notes1. ^{{acad|id=DVNT587J|name=Davenant, John}} 2. ^W. B. Patterson, King James VI and I and the Reunion of Christendom (1997), p. 271. 3. ^Davenant and the Westminster Assembly, PDF 4. ^Robert W. Godfrey, "Tensions Within International Calvinism: The Debate on the Atonement at the Synod of Dort” (PhD dissertation, Stanford University, 1974) pp. 179–88. 5. ^Anthony Milton, editor and annotator, The British delegation and the Synod of Dort (1618–1619)(Suffolk, UK: Boydell Press, 2005) pp. 397–402. 6. ^PDF, p. 7. 7. ^John Davenant, "Epistola Davenantii" in Vindiciae Gratiae Sacramentalis by Thomas Bedford (1650) pp. 1–31. 8. ^John Davenant, “The Epistle of Davenant.” {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070815195221/http://www.joelgarver.com/writ/hist/davenant.htm |date=15 August 2007 }} Retrieved 6 January 2011. References
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18 : 1572 births|1641 deaths|Bishops of Salisbury|English Calvinist and Reformed theologians|Participants in the Synod of Dort|Alumni of Queens' College, Cambridge|Presidents of Queens' College, Cambridge|Writers from London|16th-century English writers|16th-century male writers|17th-century English writers|17th-century male writers|16th-century Calvinist and Reformed theologians|17th-century Calvinist and Reformed theologians|People of the Tudor period|People of the Stuart period|English male non-fiction writers|Lady Margaret's Professors of Divinity (University of Cambridge) |
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