| 词条 | John Hope, 4th Earl of Hopetoun |
| 释义 |
| name =The Earl of Hopetoun | image = John Hope, 4th Earl of Hopetoun.jpg | caption =John Hope, 4th Earl of Hopetoun | birth_date ={{birth-date|17 August 1765}} | death_date ={{death-date and age|27 August 1823|17 August 1765}} | placeofburial_label = | placeofburial =Abercorn, West Lothian | birth_place =Abercorn, West Lothian | death_place =Paris, France | placeofburial_coordinates = | nickname = | allegiance ={{UK}} | branch = British Army | serviceyears = | rank =General | unit = | commands =Ireland | battles =French Revolutionary Wars Napoleonic Wars
| awards =Knight of the Order of the Bath Captain-General of the Royal Company of Archers | relations = | laterwork = }} General John Hope, 4th Earl of Hopetoun PC KB FRSE (17 August 1765 – 27 August 1823), known as the Honourable John Hope from 1781 to 1814 and as the Lord Niddry from 1814 to 1816, was a Scottish politician and British Army officer. Military careerHopetoun was the only son of John Hope, 2nd Earl of Hopetoun, by his second wife Jane or Jean Oliphant.[1] His mother died when he was only one year old.[1] He was commissioned into the 10th Light Dragoons in 1784.[1] He sat as Member of Parliament for Linlithgowshire from 1790 to 1800.[1] He took part in the capture of the French West Indies and Spanish West Indies in 1796 and 1797.[1] In 1799 he was sent to Den Helder as Deputy Adjutant-General and was present at the Battle of Bergen and the Battle of Castricum.[1] In 1801 he was sent to Cairo and then to Alexandria to take the surrender of the French garrisons there.[1] He became Lieutenant-Governor of Portsmouth and General Officer Commanding South-West District in June 1805.[2][3] He commanded a Division during the advance into Spain and commanded the British left at the Battle of Corunna in 1809, succeeding to overall command when Sir John Moore was killed.[1] Later that year he commanded the reserve army during the Walcheren Campaign.[1] He was appointed Commander-in-Chief, Ireland and was admitted to the Irish Privy Council in 1812.[1] He then commanded the First Division under The Duke of Wellington at the Battle of Nivelle and at the Battle of the Nive in 1813.[1] He was captured fighting the French sortie at the Battle of Bayonne in 1814.[4] He served as Lord-Lieutenant of Linlithgowshire from 1816 to 1823. On 17 May 1814, two years before he succeeded in the earldom, he was raised to the peerage in his own right as Baron Niddry, of Niddry Castle in the County of Linlithgow, with remainder to the male issue of his father. In 1816 he succeeded his elder half-brother as fourth Earl of Hopetoun. He died in Paris, France on 27 August 1823. FamilyIn 1798 Lord Hopetoun married firstly Elizabeth Hope Vere (or Weir) of Craigiehall, daughter of Charles Hope-Weir. After her death he married secondly Louisa Dorothea Wedderburn, daughter of John Wedderburn of Ballendean, and granddaughter of Sir John Wedderburn, 5th Baronet of Blackness. On his death he was succeeded in his titles by his eldest son from his second marriage, John. Lady Hopetoun died in 1836. MonumentsFollowing Lord Hopetoun's death, the Hopetoun Monument was erected on Byres Hill, East Lothian, in 1824.[5] This was followed in 1826 by a similar monument on Mount Hill in Fife.[6] In 1824 the city of Edinburgh commissioned a bronze statue of Lord Hopetoun, by Thomas Campbell, and originally designed as a centrepiece for Charlotte Square in 1829, but which was eventually placed in St Andrew Square in 1834, in front of Dundas House where he had acted as vice governor of the bank.[1][7] A boarding house at Wellington College, Berkshire, has been named after him. It has recently{{when|date=August 2018}} been turned into a girls house. Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Earl of Hopetoun at Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2. ^{{London Gazette|issue=15817|page=797|date=18 June 1805}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WstDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA369|title=The Gentleman's Magazine|publisher=|accessdate=4 December 2015}} 4. ^{{Cite book|title=The Napoleonic Wars Data Book|last=Smith|first=Digby|publisher=Greenhill|year=1998|isbn=1-85367-276-9|location=|pages=524}} 5. ^{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB10831|desc=HOPETOUN MONUMENT|cat=B|access-date=20 December 2018}} 6. ^{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB17428|desc=MOUNT HILL, HOPETOUN MONUMENT (TO SIR JOHN HOPE OF OVER RANKEILOUR)|cat=B|access-date=20 December 2018|fewer-links=yes}} 7. ^{{Historic Environment Scotland|num= LB27862|desc=ST ANDREW SQUARE, MONUMENT TO JOHN, 4TH EARL OF HOPETOUN |cat=A|access-date=20 December 2018|fewer-links=yes}} References
External links
|-{{S-mil}}{{s-bef|before=Hildebrand Oakes}}{{s-ttl|title=GOC South-West District|years=June 1805 – December 1805}}{{s-aft|after=Sir George Prévost}} |-{{s-bef | before=Sir Robert Brownrigg}}{{s-ttl | title=Colonel of the 6th Battalion, 60th Regiment of Foot | years=1805–1806}}{{s-aft | after=Napier Christie Burton}}{{s-bef | before=Marquess of Huntly}}{{s-ttl | title=Colonel of the 92nd (Highland) Regiment of Foot | years=1806–1820}}{{s-aft | after=John Hope}}{{Succession box| title=Commander-in-Chief, Ireland | before=The Earl of Harrington | after=Sir George Hewett, Bt | years=1812–1813}}{{s-bef | before=Marquess of Huntly}}{{s-ttl | title=Colonel of the 42nd (Royal Highland) Regiment of Foot | years=1820–1823}}{{s-aft | after=Sir George Murray}} |-{{S-hon}}{{S-bef| before=The 3rd Earl of Hopetoun}}{{S-ttl| title=Lord-Lieutenant of Linlithgowshire | years= 1816–1823}}{{s-vac | next=The 5th Earl of Hopetoun}} |-{{S-reg|sct}}{{Succession box| title=Earl of Hopetoun | before= James Hope-Johnstone | after=John Hope | years= 1816–1823 }}{{S-reg|uk}}{{S-new| creation}}{{S-ttl| title=Baron Niddry | years= 1814–1823}}{{S-aft| after=John Hope}}{{S-end}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2010}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hopetoun, John Hope, 4th Earl}} 19 : 1765 births|1823 deaths|British Army generals|British Army personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars|British Army personnel of the Napoleonic Wars|British Army commanders of the Napoleonic Wars|Earls of Hopetoun|Gordon Highlanders officers|King's Royal Rifle Corps officers|Commanders-in-Chief, Ireland|Lord-Lieutenants of West Lothian|42nd Regiment of Foot officers|Hope family|Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for Scottish constituencies|British MPs 1790–96|British MPs 1796–1800|Members of the Privy Council of Ireland|Members of the Royal Company of Archers|Peers of the United Kingdom created by George III |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。