| 词条 | John Hubbard, 1st Baron Addington |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable | name = The Lord Addington | honorific-suffix =PC | image = John Jellibrand Hubbard Vanity Fair 4 October 1884.jpg | image_upright = 0.9 | caption = Caricature by Spy published in Vanity Fair in 1884. | office = Member of the House of Lords {{Small|Lord Temporal}} | term_start1 = 22 July 1887 | term_end1 = 28 August 1889 {{Small|Hereditary Peerage}} | predecessor1 = peerage created | successor1 = The 2nd Lord Addington |office2 = Member of Parliament for City of London |term_start2 = 17 February 1874 |term_end2 = 22 July 1887 |predecessor2 = Lionel de Rothschild |successor2 = Thomas Baring |office3 = Member of Parliament for Buckingham |term_start3 = 18 May 1859 |term_end3 = 7 December 1868 |predecessor3 = John Hall |successor3 = Sir Harry Verney | birth_date = 21 March 1805 | death_date = 28 August 1889 | party =Conservative }} John Gellibrand Hubbard, 1st Baron Addington PC (21 March 1805 – 28 August 1889) was a City of London financier and a Conservative Party politician. Hubbard was born at Stratford Grove, Essex, the son of John Hubbard and his wife Marianne Morgan.[1] He was a merchant in the City of London being head of the firm 'J. Hubbard & Co.', Russian Merchants. He was by profession a banker, his family had a business in St Petersburg, which was not strictly commercial, but had an operation in London. It was enough for him to become a director of Guardian Fire and Life Assurance Co. In 1838 he joined the elite as a director of the Bank of England, later rising to become successively Deputy Governor[2] and then Governor. Convinced capital and income should be treated differently he lobbied parliament to recognise the legal treatment of income tax on earned income only, which was eventually achieved in 1907. He was of Chairman of the Public Works and Exchequer Loan Committee between 1853 and 1875. Hubbard was deeply interested in religion and the High Church in the Puseyite tradition, yet he rejected ritualism. In 1863 he built and endowed St Alban's Church, Holborn where he was also churchwarden.[3] Father Mackonochie, an Irish priest, used a Catholic ritual not to his liking which prompted a stiff letter to the Bishop of London in 1868.[4] Hubbard was a JP and Deputy Lieutenant for Buckinghamshire and the City of London.[5] In his lifetime Hubbard was active in funding Canon Nathaniel Woodard's national network of Woodard Schools. Hubbard was elected as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Buckingham at the 1859 general election.[6] He was re-elected in 1865 but when Buckingham's representation was reduced to one MP at the 1868 general election he was defeated. He returned to the House of Commons at the 1874 general election when he was elected as one of the four MPs for the City of London,[7] and held the seat until he was created 1st Baron Addington, of Addington, Buckinghamshire on 22 July 1887. He was invested as a Privy Counsellor in 1874. Hubbard died at Addington Manor, Buckinghamshire at the age of 84. Hubbard married Hon. Maria Margaret Napier, daughter of Captain William John Napier, 9th Lord Napier of Merchistoun and Eliza Cochrane-Johnstone, on 19 May 1837, and they had the following children:
His three sons, Egerton, Cecil John, and Evelyn were educated at Radley College. Hubbard played a decisive role in rescuing the school's finances when they collapsed in 1860. He effectively refounded the school using his acumen to raise the fees, boost numbers, and fund the debts. In the same year that he was elevated to the peerage, the school paid the last installment. Baron Addington was a friend of Montagu Norman, a Governor of the Bank of England, who also had a strong connection to the school. Works
References1. ^the Peerage,com 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/about/pdfs/deputygovernors.pdf |title=Deputy Governors of the Bank of England |publisher=Bank of England |accessdate=3 January 2014}} 3. ^Bernard Palmer, Reverend Rebels: Five Victorian Clerics and their Fight Against Authority, (London, Darton, Longman & Todd, 1993), p.78ff 4. ^Oxfordshire Record Society,volume 70, p.li 5. ^[https://archive.org/stream/debrettshouseo1886londuoft Debretts Guide to the House of Commons 1886] 6. ^{{cite book |last=Craig |first=F. W. S. |authorlink= F. W. S. Craig |title=British parliamentary election results 1832–1885 |origyear=1977 |edition= 2nd |year=1989 |publisher= Parliamentary Research Services |location=Chichester |isbn= 0-900178-26-4 |pages=69–70}} 7. ^Craig, page 6 External links{{wikisource author}}
| before = Sir Harry Verney | before2 = John Hall }}{{s-ttl | title = Member of Parliament for Buckingham | years = 1859–1868 | with = Sir Harry Verney }}{{s-aft | after = Sir Harry Verney}}{{s-bef | before = William Lawrence | before2 = Baron Lionel de Rothschild | before3 = Robert Wigram Crawford | before4 = George Goschen }}{{s-ttl | title = Member of Parliament for City of London | years = 1874–1887 | with = George Goschen to 1880 | with2 = Philip Twells to 1880 | with3 = William Cotton to 1885 | with4 = William Lawrence 1880–85 | with5 = Sir Robert Fowler, Bt 1880–91 }}{{s-aft | after = Sir Robert Nicholas Fowler | after2 = Thomas Baring }}{{s-gov}}{{succession box |before=Thomson Hankey |title=Governor of the Bank of England |years=1853–1855 |after=Thomas Matthias Weguelin}}{{s-reg|uk}}{{s-new | creation}}{{s-ttl| title=Baron Addington | years=1887–1889 }}{{s-aft| after=Egerton Hubbard}}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Addington, John Hubbard, 1st Baron}} 16 : 1805 births|1889 deaths|Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom|Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies|UK MPs 1859–65|UK MPs 1865–68|UK MPs 1874–80|UK MPs 1880–85|UK MPs 1885–86|UK MPs 1886–92|Governors of the Bank of England|Deputy Lieutenants of Buckinghamshire|Conservative Party (UK) hereditary peers|Members of Parliament of the United Kingdom for the City of London|Deputy Governors of the Bank of England|Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom |
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