| 词条 | Joie de vivre |
| 释义 |
Joie de vivre ({{IPA-fr|ʒwa də vivʁ}}, joy of living) is a French phrase often used in English to express a cheerful enjoyment of life; an exultation of spirit. It "can be a joy of conversation, joy of eating, joy of anything one might do… And joie de vivre may be seen as a joy of everything, a comprehensive joy, a philosophy of life, a Weltanschauung. Robert's Dictionnaire says joie is sentiment exaltant ressenti par toute la conscience, that is, involves one's whole being."[1] Origins and developmentCasual use of the phrase in French can be dated back at least as far as Fénelon in the late 17th century, but it was only brought into literary prominence in the 19th century, first by Michelet (1857) in his pantheistic work Insecte, to contrast the passive life of plants with animal joie de vivre,[2]{{rp|300}} and then by Émile Zola in his book of that name from 1883–84.[2]{{rp|305}} Thereafter, it took on increasing weight as a mode of life, evolving at times almost into a secular religion[2]{{rp|306}} in the early 20th century; and subsequently fed into Lacanian emphasis on "a jouissance beyond the pleasure principle"[3] in the latter half of the century – a time when its emphasis on enthusiasm, energy and spontaneity gave it a global prominence with the rise of hippie culture.[4] Psychology20th-century proponents of self-actualization such as Abraham Maslow or Carl Rogers saw, as one of the by-products, the rediscovery of what the latter called "the quiet joy in being one's self...a spontaneous relaxed enjoyment, a primitive joie de vivre".[5] Joie de vivre has also been linked to D. W. Winnicott's concept of a sense of play, and of access to the true self.[6]AdaptationsIt is usually referenced in its standard French form, but various corruptions are observed such as joie de vie, which would translate to "joy of life".[7] The Matisse painting Le bonheur de vivre translates as, "The Happiness of Life". See also{{wiktionary}}{{Columns-list|colwidth=30em|
}} References1. ^{{cite book |last=Shibles |first=Warren |year=1997 |title=Humor Reference Guide: A Comprehensive Classification and Analysis |location=Carbondale |publisher=Southern Illinois University Press |isbn=0-8093-2097-5 }} 2. ^1 2 {{cite book |last1=Harrow |first1=Susan |last2=Unwin |first2=Timothy A |last3=Freeman |first3=Michael |year=2009 |title=Joie de vivre in French literature and culture : essays in honour of Michael Freeman |location=Amsterdam, NTH & New York, NY |publisher=Rodopi Publishers |isbn=9789042028968 |oclc=430229593}} 3. ^{{cite book |last1=Lacan |first1=Jacques |author1-link=Jacques Lacan |last2=Miller |first2=Jacques-Alain |author2-link=Jacques-Alain Miller |last3=Sheridan |first3=Alan |author-link3=Alan Sheridan |year=1994 |title=The four fundamental concepts of psycho-analysis |location=London, UK |publisher=Penguin Books |isbn=9780140242782 |oclc=33725110 |page=184}} Later online version of {{cite book |title=The four fundamental concepts of psycho-analysis |year=2004 |location=London, UK & New York, NY |publisher=Karnac |id={{OCLC|733841387|729166946}} |subscription=yes}} 4. ^{{cite book |last1=Andrews |first1=Cecile |year=2006 |title=Slow is beautiful : new visions of community, leisure and joie de vivre |location=Gabriola Island, BC, Canada |publisher=New Society Publishers |page=96 |isbn=9781550924145 |id={{OCLC|471124890|810539385}}}} 5. ^{{cite book |last1=Rogers |first1=Carl R |author1-link=Carl R Rogers |year=1961 |title=On becoming a person : a therapist's view of psychotherapy |location=Boston, MA, USA |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Company |pages=87–88 |isbn=9780395084090 |oclc=172718}} Later online versions of {{cite book |title=On becoming a person : a therapist's view of psychotherapy. |id={{OCLC|782873749|783585017|856932797|858970706}} |subscription=yes}} {{Google books|FTEPV9IYQ5EC|On Becoming a Person: A Therapist's View of Psychotherapy}} 6. ^{{cite book |last1=Lamb |first1=Charles |author1-link=Charles Lamb |year=1985 |editor1-last=Phillips |editor1-first=Adam |editor1-link=Adam Phillips (psychologist) |title=Selected prose |location=Harmondsworth, Middlesex, UK & New York, NY |publisher=Penguin classics |page=446 |isbn=9780140432381 |oclc=680112630}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.wayfair.com/Art-4-Kids-Joie-de-Vie-Poodle-Dog-Wall-Art-21408-AFK1292.html |title=Joie de Vie Poodle Dog Wall Art |accessdate=2013-11-16 |website=wayfair.com}} Further reading
2 : French words and phrases|Happiness |
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