| 词条 | Jornada del Muerto Volcano | ||
| 释义 |
| name = Jornada del Muerto Volcano | photo = Looking_north_towards_the_Jornada_del_Muerto_Volcano_(tight).jpg | photo_caption = View north across the malpaís lava field to the Jornada del Muerto Volcano splatter cones | elevation_ft = 5137 | elevation_ref = {{navd88}}[1] | translation = Dead Man's Route | language = Spanish | location = Socorro County, New Mexico, U.S. | range = | map = New Mexico | map_caption = Location in New Mexico | label = | range_coordinates = | coordinates = {{coord|33.534416636|N|106.866741983|W|type:mountain_region:US-NM_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | topo = USGS Harriet Ranch | type = Basaltic shield volcano, volcanic field | age = 760,000 years | last_eruption = 760,000 years | first_ascent = | easiest_route = Scrambling over rough ʻaʻā lava }} The Jornada del Muerto Volcano is a small shield volcano and lava field in central New Mexico, about {{Convert|10|by|15|mi}} in size and reaching an elevation of {{Convert|5136|ft}}. Jornada del Muerto means "Dead Man's Route" in Spanish,[2] referring to the desolate colonial era trail from New Spain through this Malpaís region. GeographyThe volcano and lava field is located at the northern end of the Jornada del Muerto Desert basin in the Basin and Range Province. The Jornada del Muerto basin runs between the Oscura Mountains and San Andres Mountains on the east, with the Caballo Mountains and the Fra Cristóbal Range on the west. GeologyVolcano and conesThe main volcano vent is located slightly to the east of the center of the lava flows, rising about {{Convert|150|ft|0}} in a broad but conspicuous cone about a mile (1.6 km) in diameter. Within the outer cone are a series of nested spatter cones interspersed with lava pools. On the south side the innermost spatter cone rises to nearly {{Convert|90|ft|0}} above the surrounding lava pools, and surrounds an intact symmetrical crater {{convert|245|ft|0}} across and about {{convert|30|ft|0}} deep. Volcanic fieldThe volcano erupted about 760,000 years ago in a series of basaltic flows. It produced a slow and viscous ʻaʻā lava volcanic field which has a very rough and uneven surface, making travel across it extremely difficult and hazardous; also time consuming. The total volume of erupted material is about {{convert|3|cumi}} and the lava fields cover an area of over {{convert|170|sqmi}}. The largest individual flow-field extends from a center in extreme southeastern Socorro County and extends into Sierra County. Currently the flow forms the east bank of the Rio Grande from Fra Cristóbal north to Fort Craig, but at the time of eruption it temporarily dammed the Rio Grande.[3] See also
References1. ^{{cite ngs |pid=DS1295 |name=Crater |accessdate=2014-02-12}} {{refbegin}}2. ^{{cite web |first=Larry |last=Crumpler |url=http://nmnaturalhistory.org/volc_jornada.html |title=Jornada del Muerto Volcano |publisher=New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science |accessdate=2014-02-12 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222061226/http://nmnaturalhistory.org/volc_jornada.html |archivedate=2014-02-22 |df= }} 3. ^{{cite book |last=Kottlowski |first=Frank E. |year=1956 |title=Stratigraphic Studies of the San Andres Mountains, New Mexico |issue=Memoir No. 1 |publisher=State Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology |location=Socorro, NM |oclc=2206053|display-authors=etal}}
External links
10 : Volcanoes of New Mexico|Mountains of New Mexico|Malpaíses (landform)|Pleistocene volcanoes|Shield volcanoes of the United States|Lava fields|Landforms of Socorro County, New Mexico|Quaternary United States|Tularosa Basin|Mountains of Socorro County, New Mexico |
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