请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 Joseph Nicholson Barney
释义

  1. Personal life and family

  2. United States Navy

  3. Confederate States Navy

  4. Later life

  5. See also

  6. Notes

  7. References

{{Infobox military person
|name= Joseph Nicholson Barney
|image= Joseph Nicholson Barney in Confederate Uniform.jpg
|caption=Commander Joseph Nicholson Barney. Picture appeared as part of a composite of CSS Florida with crew members.
|birth_date=1818
|death_date= {{death date and age|1899|6|16|1818|df=y}}
|birth_place= Baltimore, Maryland
|death_place= Fredericksburg, Virginia
|placeofburial=
|nickname=
|allegiance={{flag|United States|1861}}
{{flag|Confederate States}}
|branch={{flag|United States Navy}}
{{navy|CSA}}
|serviceyears=
|rank= Lieutenant, U.S. Navy
Commander, C.S. Navy{{efn|name=fn5|Some post-war sources (as well as his gravestone) refer to him as captain. However his actual Confederate rank was commander, as listed in the January 1864 Confederate naval register,[1] with sources covering wartime service stating he held that rank from 1863.}}
|unit=
|commands=CSS Jamestown (1861–1862)
CSS Harriet Lane (1863)
CSS Florida (September 1863)
|battles=Battle of Hampton Roads, March 8–9, 1862
Drewry's Bluff (May 15, 1862)
|awards=
|laterwork=
|plaaceofburial_label= Place of burial
}}

Joseph Nicholson Barney (1818 – June 16, 1899) was a career United States Navy officer (1835–1861) who served in the Confederate States Navy in the American Civil War (1861–1865).

Personal life and family

Barney was born in Baltimore in 1818, the son of U.S. Congressman John Barney and Elizabeth Nicholson Hindman and the grandson of United States Navy Commodore Joshua Barney.[2] He married Eliza Jacobs Rogers on June 9, 1846 in New Castle County, Delaware, with whom he had one daughter before her death in 1848.[3][3] He married a second time in 1858 to Anne (Nannie) Seddon Dornin, daughter of Thomas Aloysius Dornin, with whom he had eight children. He died at his home in Fredericksburg, Virginia, aged 81, on June 16, 1899,[2] after a month-long illness.[4][7][5] His second wife died on October 11, 1913.[6]

His grandson Thomas Holcomb was Commandant of the United States Marine Corps (1936–1943) and first Marine to achieve the rank of general.[7]

United States Navy

He entered a naval academy in 1832[2]{{efn|name=fn1|This is incorrectly stated by many sources as the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis. However, the Naval Academy was founded in 1845.}} and received a warrant in the United States Navy as a midshipman in 1835,[8]{{efn|name=fn2|At the time, the United States Navy was using ranks similar to early 19th century Royal Navy ranks.}} was promoted to passed midshipman in 1841, the first of 22 passed by the board of examination.[9]{{efn|name=fn3|Some later sources state this as his naval academy graduation date and entry to service, a mistake which probably arises from the evolution of the term midshipman in the later 19th century to a naval academy cadet. Passed midshipman, at the time, was an actual United States Navy rank.}} By 1843, he was acting master of the USS Vincennes.[10] He was promoted to lieutenant in 1847.[11]

His postings included the USS Potomac,[12] USS Columbia,[13][14] USS Vincennes,[10][15] USS Cyane,[16] the Norfolk Naval Shipyard,[17] and USS Susquehanna. In 1861, at the beginning of the American Civil War, he held the position of first lieutenant on the USS Susquehanna in the Mediterranean Sea.[2] Upon returning to the United States on June 6, he resigned his commission the same day.[18][19]

Confederate States Navy

Barney was appointed a lieutenant in the Confederate States Navy on July 2, 1861.[1][20] He commanded the CSS Jamestown during the Battle of Hampton Roads, the famous battle with the {{USS|Monitor}}, during which he captured two brigs and an Accomac schooner off Newport News Point while the CSS Virginia held the Union Navy's attention.[21][22] After the Confederate evacuation of Norfolk, the Jamestown was scuttled to block the James River at Drewry's Bluff. In the subsequent Battle of Drewry's Bluff, in which Confederate shore batteries drove off a Union Navy force heading towards Richmond, the Jamestown's guns were considered the main factor in repulsing the enemy ships.[23] Following the battle, he received praise from the Confederate Congress and was promoted to commander.[24]

In early 1863, Barney was briefly assigned command of naval operations in Galveston, including the revenue cutter Harriet Lane, captured in the Battle of Galveston. However the ship was already under command of Leon Smith,{{efn|name=fnLeonSmith|Leon Smith is variously referred to as lieutenant, captain, major, colonel, and commodore by different sources. While referred to by Magruder as a commissioned officer and recommended for a formal commission, Smith never actually entered navy or army service. De facto, as "Commander, Marine Department of Texas", he was in charge of all or most marine operations in the area of Texas under General Magruder's control, commanding several vessels.}} an army volunteer and steamboat captain, who had played a role in capturing the ship, having been placed in command of the ship by Major General John B. Magruder and in control of additional ships improvised as a "cottonclad fleet". The ship was also considered by the navy to be too slow and inefficient to become a blockade runner, though it was later used in this capacity. Following discussions with Magruder, who was not willing to relinquish controls of the cottonclads, Barney conceded the appointment, and in a letter to Confederate Naval Secretary Stephen Mallory, recommended that the navy relinquish control. Barney later explained that he made his recommendation since he considered that the presence of two separate marine forces with independent commanders would lead to discord and confusion.[25][26][27]

Barney was sent to Europe in spring 1863. He assumed command of the Confederate raider CSS Florida in September 1863, relieving the ailing John Newland Maffitt, and oversaw her refit at Brest, France, but had to be detached due to ill health before the Florida put to sea.[28][29] From 1864 to 1865, he was a Confederate naval agent in Europe.[30][31][32]

He returned to the United States following the war, and took the Oath of Allegiance to the U.S. Constitution in September 1865.[33]

Later life

After the Civil War ended, Barney retired to Powhatan County, Virginia, before moving to Fredericksburg in 1874. Barney was active in the insurance business there until retiring in 1895. He was also an elder in the Presbyterian Church.[2]

Barney and his wife were active in activities promoting the memory of the Confederacy. His wife played a role in fundraising for a Confederate memorial in Fredericksburg as secretary of the city's Ladies' Memorial Association,[34] which funded the monument. Joseph and Bradley T. Johnson led the unveiling ceremony of the monument in 1891.[35]

See also

{{Portal|American Civil War|United States Navy}}
  • Letterbook of Joseph Nicholson Barney, Special Collections Branch, United States Naval Academy
  • Joseph Nicholson Barney Log and Diary, 1839–1852, Southern Historical Collection
  • {{cite book | title=Register of Officers of the Confederate States Navy |others=Office of Naval Records and Library United States Navy Department | publisher=J.M. Carroll & Company | location=Mattituck, NY | year=1983 | isbn=0-8488-0011-7}}

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

1. ^1 [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Southern_Historical_Society_Papers_volume_03.djvu/434 Register of the Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the Navy of the Confederate States, January 1, 1864], page 106
2. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13123297/joseph_nicholson_barney_obituary_in_the/|title=Capt. Joseph N. Barney |date=June 18, 1899|work=The New York Times|access-date=August 15, 2017 |page=7 |via=Newspapers.com {{open access}}}}
3. ^Naval Officers Their Heredity and Development, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Charles Benedict Davenport and Mary Theresa Scudder, 1919, page 39
4. ^1 [https://books.google.com/books?id=dugYAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Joseph+N.+Barney%22+navy&dq=%22Joseph+N.+Barney%22+navy&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y Genealogy of the Barney family in America], Eugene Dimon Preston, 1990, page 902
5. ^{{cite news |title=Death of Capt. J. N. Barney |newspaper=The Baltimore Sun |date=June 17, 1899 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13112271/death_of_capt_j_n_barney_the/ |via = Newspapers.com |page=9 |access-date=August 15, 2017}} {{Open access}}
6. ^{{cite news |title=Widow of Late Capt. J. N. Barney is Dead |newspaper=Daily Press |date=October 12, 1913 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13112600/ |via = Newspapers.com |page=2 |access-date=August 15, 2017}} {{Open access}}
7. ^Monocle, Volume 17, Number 9, 2 March 1944
8. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=l-CgAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA74&dq=%22Joseph+N.+Barney%22+register&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Joseph%20N.%20Barney%22%20register&f=false The Naval Magazine, Volume 2, Issue 3], 1837, page 74
9. ^{{cite book|title=Niles' National Register, Volume 60|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ftM-AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA291|year=1841|publisher=William Ogden Niles|page=291}}
10. ^1 {{cite book|title=Army and Navy Chronicle, and Scientific Repository: Being a Continuation of Homans' "Army and Navy Chronicle."|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2IQXAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA93|year=1843|publisher=Wm. Q. Force|page=93}}
11. ^{{cite book|title=Register of the Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps and Reserve Officers on Active Duty|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C6M2uSkQxA0C&pg=PA36|year=1854|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|page=36}}
12. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=nPw_AAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA23&dq=%22Joseph+N+Barney%22&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Joseph%20N%20Barney%22&f=false The Naval Magazine, Volume 1], 1836, page 23
13. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=Q_kRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA320&dq=%22Joseph+N+Barney%22&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Joseph%20N%20Barney%22&f=false Army and Navy Chronicle, Volume 6], 320
14. ^[https://books.google.com,/books?id=MLIRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA244&dq=%22Joseph+N+Barney%22&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Joseph%20N%20Barney%22&f=false Niles' Weekly Register, Volume 58], 244, June 20, 1840
15. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=-LHRwHjRf8MC&pg=PA185&dq=%22Joseph+N+Barney%22&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Joseph%20N%20Barney%22&f=false San Francisco Ship Passenger Lists Vol. II [1850–1851], Volume 2], Louis J. Rasmussen, 185
16. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=IsMYAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA30&dq=%22Joseph+N.+Barney%22+register&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Joseph%20N.%20Barney%22%20register&f=false Register of the Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the United States Navy], 1856
17. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=-EE-AQAAMAAJ&pg=RA4-PA107&dq=%22Joseph+N.+Barney%22+naval-yard&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiKkpy4gtrVAhXBoBQKHa6bDiQQ6AEILDAB#v=onepage&q=%22Joseph%20N.%20Barney%22%20naval-yard&f=false Register of Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the United States Navy], page 107, 1855
18. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13123589/barney_resignation_from_the_us_navy/ |title=This Morning's War News |date=June 7, 1861|newspaper=The Burlington Free Press |access-date=August 15, 2017 |page=3 |via=Newspapers.com {{open access}}}}
19. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1861/06/07/news/resignation-of-navy-officers.html |title=Resignation of Navy Officers |newspaper=The New York Times |date=June 7, 1861}}
20. ^Joined the Confederates, July 19, 1861. Richmond Dispatch
21. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=CRhwWfOOKgsC&pg=PA104&dq=%22Joseph+N.+Barney%22+navy&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Joseph%20N.%20Barney%22%20navy&f=false The Battle of the Ironclads], John V. Quarstein, page 104
22. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=g5x2CQAAQBAJ&pg=PT172&dq=%22Joseph+N.+Barney%22+navy&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Joseph%20N.%20Barney%22%20navy&f=false The CSS Virginia: Sink Before Surrender], John V. Quarstein
23. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13123399/joseph_nicholson_barney_washington/|title=Captain Barney's Death |date=June 18, 1899 |newspaper=Washington Times |access-date=August 15, 2017 |page=2 |via=Newspapers.com {{open access}}}}
24. ^[https://books.google.com/books?redir_esc=y&id=i2gfAQAAMAAJ&dq=%22Joseph+Barney%22+navy&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22Joseph+Barney%22 Capital Navy: The Men, Ships and Operations of the James River Squadron], John M. Coski, page 41
25. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XqfZDAAAQBAJ&dq=joseph+n.+barney+harriet+lane&q=barney#v=snippet&q=barney&f=false|title=Battle on the Bay: The Civil War Struggle for Galveston|last=Cotham|first=Edward Terrel|date=1998|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=|isbn=9780292712058|location=|pages=151–152|nopp=|language=en}}
26. ^Day, James M. (1965) "Leon Smith: Confederate Mariner," East Texas Historical Journal: Vol. 3: Iss. 1, Article 7., page 40
27. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=Fs0Ajlnjl6AC&pg=PA893&dq=%22Joseph+N.+Barney%22+navy&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Joseph%20N.%20Barney%22%20navy&f=false Civil War High Commands], John Eicher & David Eicher, page 893
28. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=prYkRhyTPJ8C&pg=PA57&dq=%22Joseph+N.+Barney%22+navy&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Barney&f=false High Seas Confederate: The Life and Times of John Newland Maffitt], Royce Shingleton, pages 57, 85, 102
29. ^[https://books.google.com/books?redir_esc=y&id=cjxKAQAAMAAJ&dq=%22Joseph+N+Barney%22+photography&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22Joseph+N+Barney%22 The Confederate Soldier in the Civil War, 1861–1865], Benjamin La Bree, 1897, page 434
30. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=x1jXQ2vMoI8C&pg=PA167&lpg=PA167&dq=%22Joseph+N.+Barney%22&source=bl&ots=iNWvvylXYu&sig=XIcYUoTa9dtkVZjeUmaQAykgAvw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjs17Cz1djVAhVCXRoKHUZJAUo4ChDoAQgoMAE#v=onepage&q=Barney&f=false The Confederate Navy in Europe], Warren F. Spencer, 1997, {{ISBN|0-8173-0861-X}}, pages 167–168
31. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=kpfoCgrp7SsC&pg=PA44&dq=%22Joseph+N.+Barney%22+navy&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Joseph%20N.%20Barney%22%20navy&f=false British Ships in the Confederate Navy], Joseph McKenna, pages 27 44
32. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=KuC3KuCqof8C&pg=PA814&dq=%22Joseph+N.+Barney%22+navy&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Joseph%20N.%20Barney%22%20navy&f=false The Naval History of the Civil War], David Dixon Porter, 1886, page 814
33. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=q4mwAtj2r3UC&pg=PA51&dq=%22Joseph+Nicholson+Barney%22&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Joseph%20Nicholson%20Barney%22&f=false The Civil War Naval Encyclopedia, Volume 1], Spencer C. Tucker, {{ISBN|978-1598843385}}, pages 51, 191
34. ^{{cite news |title=Special Appeal |newspaper=The Tuskegee News |date=June 12, 1890 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13112541/special_appeal_the_tuskegee_news/ |via = Newspapers.com |page=3 |access-date=August 15, 2017}} {{Open access}}
35. ^{{cite news |title=Confederate Dead |newspaper=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |date=June 10, 1891 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13112560/confederate_dead_st_louis/ |via = Newspapers.com |page=6 |access-date=August 15, 2017}} {{Open access}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Barney, Joseph Nicholson}}

5 : 1818 births|1899 deaths|Confederate States Navy commanders|People of Maryland in the American Civil War|United States Navy officers
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/11 20:04:34