| 词条 | Juan Muñoz |
| 释义 |
| name = Juan Muñoz | image = Jardim da Cordoaria - Porto.jpg | imagesize = 300px | caption = Juan Muñoz last work, in Porto Portugal | birth_date = {{birth date|1953|06|17|df=y}} | birth_place = Madrid | death_date = {{death date and age|2001|8|28|1953|07|16|df=y}} | death_place = Ibiza | occupation = Sculptor, radio script writer }} Juan Muñoz (17 June 1953[1] – 28 August 2001) was a Spanish sculptor, working primarily in paper maché, resin and bronze. He was also interested in the auditory arts and created compositions for the radio. He was a self-described "storyteller".[2] In 2000, Muñoz was awarded Spain's major Premio Nacional de Bellas Artes in recognition of his work; he died shortly after, in 2001. Personal lifeJuan Muñoz was born in 1953, the second of seven brothers, into a prosperous, educated family in Madrid. He was enrolled in a local school but became bored and was expelled, so his father retained a poet who was also an art critic to provide lessons, which gave Muñoz an awareness of modernism.[2] He grew up under Franco's repressive regime. In the 1970s, he moved to England to study at Croydon College and the Central School of Art and Design.[3] There he met his wife, sculptor Cristina Iglesias, with whom he has two children, Diego (b. 1995) and Lucia (b. 1989). His marriage to Cristina also made him the brother-in-law of the Academy Award nominated film composer, Alberto Iglesias.[4][5] In 1982 he was awarded a Fulbright scholarship and traveled to the United States to study at the Pratt Institute in New York City.[6] He spoke an idiosyncratic English, learned from his experience as a waiter in New York restaurants.[7] CareerHis first exhibition was in 1984 in the Fernando Vijande gallery of Madrid. Since then, his works have been frequently exhibited in Europe and other parts of the world. At the beginning of the 1990s, Juan Muñoz began breaking the rules of traditional sculpture by sculpting works in a "narrative" manner which consisted of creating smaller than life-size figures in an atmosphere of mutual interaction. Muñoz's sculptures often invite the spectator to relate to them, making the viewer feel as if they have discreetly become a part of the work of art. His slate-gray or wax-colored monochrome figures create a sort of discreetness due to their lack of individuality, but that absence of individuality questions the viewer, perhaps even so much as to make the viewer uncomfortable. When asked his occupation, Muñoz would respond simply that he was a "storyteller."[3] Muñoz's sculptures were created primarily with paper maché, resin and bronze. In addition to sculpture, Muñoz was interested in the creation of auditory arts, creating some works for the radio. One of his more recognized auditory works was a collaboration with British composer Gavin Bryars in 1992 called A Man in a Room, Gambling, which consisted of Muñoz explaining card tricks over a composition by Bryars. The pieces, ten segments all shorter than five minutes, were played on BBC Radio 3. In one unpublished radio program (Third Ear, 1992), Juan Muñoz proposed that there are two things which are impossible to represent: the present and death, and that the only way to arrive at them was by their absence. In 2000, Muñoz was awarded Spain's major Premio Nacional de Bellas Artes, about which Muñoz said, "I think I'll buy a watch."[6] Juan Muñoz died suddenly of cardiac arrest caused by an aneurism of the esophagus and an internal hemorrhage at the age of 48 in his summer home in Santa Eulària des Riu, Ibiza, in 2001. {{wide image|Conservation piece Little Haven beach, weebles.jpg|600px| Created by Juan Munoz in 1999, this work celebrates the Tyne Salmon.[8] The 2008 Tyne Bluetooth Salmon Trail Cubes[9] are seen with the 22 bronze life-size figures that command a view of South Shields Harbour and the Tyne Piers.| Coor dms|55|0|21.3|N|1|25|33.5|W}}He has been called "the most significant of the first generation of artists to achieve maturity in post-Franco Spain, and one of the most complex and individual artists working today."[6] His works are displayed in such galleries as the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Guggenheim Museum in New York, Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington D.C., the Art Institute of Chicago,[10] and the Tate Modern in London.[6] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.elpais.com/articulo/cultura/Reencuentro/laberinto/Juan/Munoz/elpepucul/20090420elpepicul_2/Tes|title=Reencuentro en el laberinto de Juan Muñoz|publisher=El País|language=spanish|date=2009-04-20|accessdate=2010-05-20}} 2. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/jan/12/art|title=James Hall on Spanish sculptor Juan Muñoz | work= The Guardian|accessdate=2009-09-09|last=Hall|first=James| location=London| date=2008-01-12}} 3. ^1 {{cite news | first= James | last=Lingwood | coauthors= |authorlink= James Lingwood | title=The Restless Storyteller | year=2001 | publisher= | url =http://www.tate.org.uk/tateetc/issue12/storyteller.htm | work =Tate etc. | pages = | accessdate = 2009-08-12 | language = }} 4. ^{{cite web|title='He made the world larger'|date=2 September 2001|publisher=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2001/sep/02/arts.highereducation1|accessdate=18 October 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Juan Munoz|date=31 August 2001|publisher=The Daily Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1338981/Juan-Munoz.html|accessdate=18 October 2015}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news | first=Adrian | last=Searle | coauthors= |authorlink= | title=Obituary: Juan Muñoz | date=2001-08-30 | publisher= | url =https://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/aug/30/guardianobituaries.arts | work =The Guardian | pages = | accessdate = 2009-08-12 | language = | location=London}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.frieze.com/issue/article/vanishing_point/ |title=Vanishing point |publisher=www.frieze.com |accessdate=2009-09-09 |last=Adrian |first=Searle |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090521230752/http://www.frieze.com/issue/article/vanishing_point |archivedate=2009-05-21 |df= }} 8. ^{{Cite web | title = Tyne Salmon Trail | quote = Ten cubes inspired by the textures, changing colours, movement and journey of the salmon will migrate along the River Tyne, following the amazing journey of the salmon. | date = | year = 2008 | url = http://www.tynesalmontrail.co.uk | accessdate = 2008-08-22 | postscript = | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080807131109/http://www.tynesalmontrail.co.uk/ | archivedate = 2008-08-07 | df = }} 9. ^{{Cite news | last = Strug | first = Leah | title = Attraction's sending art lovers fishy messages | newspaper = South Shields Gazette | date = 2008-07-21 | url = http://www.shieldsgazette.com/south-shields-news/Attraction39s-sending-art-lovers-fishy.4210504.jp | postscript = }} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/munoz_juan.html|title=Juan Munoz Online|publisher=www.artcyclopedia.com|accessdate=2009-09-09|last=|first=}} Bibliography
External links
8 : 1953 births|2001 deaths|Spanish sculptors|Alumni of Croydon College|Alumni of the Central School of Art and Design|Spanish artists|Spanish contemporary artists|20th-century sculptors |
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